Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art最新文献

{"title":"Coccidiosis in Broilers of Selected Commercial Farms in Taraba State, Nigeria","authors":"Rejoice Habila Tadawus, J. A. Tutuwa, Bando Christopher David, E. Ogu, Polly Shingu Jesse, Peace Gambo Haruna, Tsoken Danji Agbu, Blessing Smart Aigbogun","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3184","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry coccidiosis has been reported as a major constraint to successful commercial and backyard poultry farming due to its significant high mortality rates and huge economic losses globally. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of coccidiosis in broilers in commercial farms of Jalingo and Wukari Local Government Areas of Taraba State. A total of 500 faecal samples from droppings of broilers were randomly collected from the poultry farms in Jalingo and Wukari LGAs of Taraba State. The faecal samples were collected from the rectum of the chicken, using a disposable hand gloves and the ova in each faecal sample of broilers were detected by using floatation technique. A total of 80 birds, from both Local Governments were sacrificed for histopathological assay. Intestinal scrapes were also collected from various parts of the intestines (duodenum, jejunum, gizzard, ilium and the caeca) of freshly slaughtered chickens into clean petri dishes, and the samples were examined microscopically for the presence of oocysts. Data obtained were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 23. Out 500 faecal samples collected 81/500 (16.2%) were positive for coccidian ova across Jalingo and Wukari LGAs of Taraba State with a statistical significant difference of (χ2=5.477; P<0.05). Most of the infected broilers were in the age group 1-3 weeks and 4-6 weeks with a statistically non-significant difference of (χ2=3.305; P>0.05). Infection with Coccidian ova was found to be higher, 19.7% (50/250) in Wukari than in Jalingo. They had 12.1% (31/250). The prevalence of coccidiosis in the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of the slaughtered broilers showed that the Caecum had the highest prevalence of 62.5% (25/40) of oocyst while Ilium had the least 37.5% (15/40). The knowledge of the coccidiosis among farmers in Jalingo and Wukari LGAs showed that all of the (12/12) respondents or 100% have heard of the disease. Majority of the respondent 81.8% (9/12) knows about coccidiosis from the veterinary while a few respondent 19.2% (3/12) get to know about coccidiosis from their friends. The Seasonal occurrence of coccidiosis showed majority of the respondent 7/12 (58.3%) attributed the occurrence of coccidiosis to rainy season within the year while 41.7% (5/12) attributed it to anytime of the season. The knowledge of the occurrence of coccidiosis despite preventive measures among farmers showed that majority of the respondent 91.7% (11/12) had Coccidiosis on their farms before while few, 16.7% (2/12) have not had reoccurrence of the disease. The percentage response of respondents based on the poultry population per pen showed that Majority of the farmers 50.0% (6/12) had between 1-200 poultry population per pen on their farm while 25.0% (3/12) had between 201-500 poultry population per pen. Despite the fact that some numbers of the faecal materials examined during the course of this work were negati","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Profiling, and Antifungal Potentials of Stem-Bark Extracts of East African (Khaya Anthotheca)","authors":"K. I. Umaru, Ezeonu Stephen Ugoeze, I. Umaru, Chakfa Nanmar, A. Tensaba, Bando Christopher David","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3185","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal infection is an infectious disease that is commonly implicated as aetiologic agents that contribute to the increasing burden of morbidity and mortality in developing countries as a result misdiagnosis or improper diagnosis. This study determined the profiling and antifungal potentials of Stem-Bark Extracts of East African (Khaya Anthotheca). The methanol solvent was used for disc diffusion assay. The inhibitory concentration of the extract was performed by broth dilution method and zone of inhibition was studied by disc diffusion method at the concentration of 50, 100, 250, and 500 in DMSO. Nystatin was used as the reference control for antifungal study. The extract showed maximum inhibition potential sof zone of inhibition against most of the pathogen (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium) used at concentration 50ppm to 500ppm. The zone of inhibition for 500ppm is shown as (319.12± 0.11, 19.23 ± 0.12, 20.33±0.23* and 18.34±0.21*mm respectively). The extract showed minimum inhibition potential against Aspergillus flavus in all the concentration when compared with the control as well as to the other pathogens. Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium was found to be more sensitive to the methanol extract followed by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger lastly. The extract was found to be rich in phytochemical, with about 20 different chemical constitutes, with 12.14- Pentane, 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-, 14.66-3-Hexen-2-one and 27.23-2-Nonenal, 2-pentyl-as the highest. The Present study indicates the potential usefulness of methanol extract of extract of khaya anthotheca as antifungal agent. Thus, has therefore, contributed to the pool of knowledge already available in this area of research. Considering the effects that both phytochemicals and its potentials as antifungal, it would be expedient to conduct further studies to assess its cancer potentials.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hyperglycemic Potentials of Khaya Anthotheca Stem-Bark Extracts on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"K. I. Umaru, Chakfa Nanmar, I. Umaru, Ezeonu Stephen Ugoeze, A. Tensaba, Bando Christopher David","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3183","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medicinal plants have been the basis of treatment of various diseases in African traditional medicine as well as other forms of treatment from diverse cultures of the world. Khaya anthotheca is a member of the family Meliaceae, a native to Africa. It is a medicinal plant widely used for several therapeutic purposes. Herein, phytochemical study, hyperglycaemic investigations was carried out on the methanol extract of Khaya anthotheca Stem-bark. Materials and Methods: However, 35 rats were distributed into seven groups to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of K. anthotheca stem-bark methanol extract at the dosage range of 50-400 mg/kg/b.wt. The analysis was done using the software-SPSS one-way ANOVA at a significance level p<0.05. Results: The result of the anti-diabetic study reveals that extract elicited substantial (p<0.05) inhibition of hyperglycaemic. The plant Khaya anthotheca stem-bark methanol extract displayed profound (p<0.05) anti-hyperglycaemic action at the dosage of 200 mg/kg/b.wt, 300 mg/kg/b.wt. and 500 mg/kg/b.wt. against induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests the use of Khaya anthotheca as a hypoglycaemic agent and for treatment of diabetic. Further studies are needed to discover the bioactive constituent of the plant responsible for this anti-diabetic activity.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study and Analysis of Some Real Life Applications of Exponential Function Based on Population Growth Rate of Nepal","authors":"Priyanshu Chaurasiya, Nimy Sharma, Sanjana Chaudhary, Shilpy Sah, S. K. Sahani, Kameshwar Sahani","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2863","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates various real-world applications of exponential functions that are present in a country or region. Our goal was to gain an understanding of the exponential function. The exponential function is most commonly used in the growth and decay model. An introduction to the exponential function opens the project. We have got some real-world applications of the exponential function in this project, including: a. population growth:   b. compound interest; c. bacterial proliferation; d. an increase in internet users; and so on. This work is motivated by the works of [1-13].","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140725234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitude of Vocational and Technical Education Lecturers Towards Utilization of Open Educational Resources for Effective Teaching and Learning in Nigerian Universities in Northeast Nigeria","authors":"Mohammed Lawal Umoru, I. J. Ibanga, Philip Sunday","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2854","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to determine the attitude of vocational and technical education lecturers towards the utilization of Open Educational Resources for effective teaching and learning in Nigerian universities in northeast Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and was carried out in northeast Nigeria. The population of the study was 782 Vocational and Technical Education lecturers from 5 universities that offered Vocational and Technical Education in northeast, Nigeria. The study adopted Simple random sampling to select a sample size of 254 respondents using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size table. Attitude of Teachers Towards Utilization of Open Educational Resources Questionnaire, (ATTUOER-Q) was used as a data collection instrument. The questionnaire was subjected to face validation and a reliability index of 0.91 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. The data for the study was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. The findings of the study revealed that the factors that influence VTE lecturers’ attitudes towards the utilization of OERs include technological infrastructure and readiness, educator capacity and awareness, and content quality and relevance among others; the study further revealed that to a high extent, lecturers in Nigerian universities are aware of OERs available for teaching and learning. The study recommended that Institutions should develop and implement comprehensive training programs specially tailored to the needs and conditions of vocational and technical education lecturers in Northeast Nigerian universities. And The National Council of Universities should recommend increased institutional support and resources to facilitate the integration of OER into vocational and technical education programs","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalization and Extension of Liu,H. and Xu,S. and, Jiandong Wang Results in Cone Metric Spaces Over Banach Algebras for Generalized Lipschitz Conditions","authors":"Gajendra Kumar Behera","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.2858","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to present and establish some fixed-point results for a mapping satisfying generalized Lipschitz conditions and appealing to the normality of the cone. Our results extend and generalize several known results from the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Analysis of Common Fixed Point Results in Fuzzy Cone Metric Spaces","authors":"Surendra Kumar Tiwari, Ranu Agrawal","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2804","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of fuzzy sets was introduced by Zadeh (1965) which marked the beginning of the evolution of fuzzy mathematics. The introduction of uncertainty in the theory of sets in a non-probabilistic manner opened up new possibilities for research in this field. Since then, many authors have explored the theory of fuzzy sets and its applications, leading to successful advancements in various fields such as mathematical programming, model theory, engineering sciences, image processing, and control theory. In this paper, we aim to improve and generalize some common fixed point theorems in fuzzy cone metric spaces, an extension of the well-known results given by Saif Ur Rahman and Hong Xu-Li (2017).","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam","authors":"Trang Mai Tran, Ngoc Minh Thi Vu","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2805","url":null,"abstract":"In a rapidly evolving market context, innovation plays a crucial role in the success of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. This study delves into the significance of business innovation, particularly in light of the need for SMEs to cultivate new competitive advantages amidst a growing number of similar competitors. For Vietnamese companies, innovation is not merely an option but a necessity for sustainable growth. This article focuses on exploring the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and risks associated with innovation in Vietnamese SMEs.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical Oxygen Demand Modeling in Waste Stabilization Pond Model","authors":"Phoummixay Siharath, Somchay Vilaychaleun, Khampasith Thammathevo, Soulyphan Kannitha, Chankhachone Sonemanivong, Phaiphana Siharath, Sangkhom Singharaj, Thongsalak Saktikoun, Keoduangchai Keokhamphui","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2797","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to optimize the kinetic  reaction value and model the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) on remaining and removal in the waste stabilization pond model, therefore, the waste stabilization pond system includes an anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds, the study are employed the initial concentration of BOD5 (44.67±6.79 mg/l) from the wastewater sources at Huakhua village, Xaysettha District, Vientiane Capital, additionally, the evaluation are conducted in 3 hydraulic schemes that includes: plug flow, complete mix(single cell) and complete mixed (equal cells in series), consequently, according to the results found that: kinetic  reaction values is 0.49 d-1 and the coefficient of determination (R2) are 0.99, 0.95 and 0.98, respectively.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ginger on Growth Indices and Pb Bioaccumulation of Tomato Fruits Cultivated in Lead and Spent Engine Oil-Contaminated Soils","authors":"A. A. Olaniyi, Ezeonu Chukwuma Stephen, Umaru Isaac John","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2790","url":null,"abstract":"Good soil is needed for public health and this research studies lead concentrations of tomato planted in different soil samples in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria (with 50mg/kg simulated and non-simulated contamination) labelled groups A-H. Two weeks-old tomato seedlings were transplanted to triplicates of soils pots labelled A: normal soil, B:Ginger treated (positive control), three negative controls; C:lead contaminated; D Spent Engine Oil (SEO) contaminated, and E:Pb+SEO containing soil, F:Lead contaminated+ginger treatment, G: SEO contaminated+ginger treatment, H:lead+SEO contaminated+ginger treatment. The lengths, circumferences and weights of 36 tomato fruits per plant pot were measured at random. Lead uptake and bioaccumulation were also assessed in tomato fruits derived from each group. Tomato fruits in group E weighed highest (15.41±7.81g) while those in group H had the lowest weight (12.02±6.69g). The longest and the highest average tomato fruit circumference were recorded in group D (5.61±2.66cm and 6.15±2.93cm) respectively. Conversely, group H presented the shortest mean tomato fruits with 4.19±2.45cm and lowest fruit circumference (4.49±2.34cm). Bioaccumulation of lead was highest in tomatoes of group E with 1.79±0.47ppm and the lowest was derived from group A:normal soil with 0.68±0.13ppm on average each. The lead concentrations of all groups exceeded permissible limits specified in WHO/FAO Standards (0.01 ppm) as well as the maximum allowable concentration of 0.02 ppm by EU and 0.05 ppm limit set by USEPA suggesting a public health concern.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}