Modelling最新文献_第4页

Shell-Based Finite Element Modeling of Herøysund Bridge in Norway 挪威赫勒松德大桥基于壳体的有限元建模

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.3390/modelling5010005

Harpal Singh, Zeeshan Azad, V. Nicoletti

{"title":"Shell-Based Finite Element Modeling of Herøysund Bridge in Norway","authors":"Harpal Singh, Zeeshan Azad, V. Nicoletti","doi":"10.3390/modelling5010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper thoroughly examines the application of the Finite Element Method (FEM) to the numerical modal analysis of Herøysund Bridge, focusing on the theoretical backdrop, the construction process, and FEM techniques. This work examines the specific applied FEM approaches and their advantages and disadvantages. This Herøysund Bridge analysis employs a two-pronged strategy consisting of a 3D–solid model and a shell model. To forecast the physical behavior of a structure, assumptions, modeling methodologies, and the incorporation of specific components such as pillars are applied to both approaches. This research also emphasizes the importance of boundary conditions, examining the structural effects of standard Earth gravity, a post-tensioned load, and a railing and asphalt load. The Results section thoroughly explores the mode shapes and frequencies of the 3D–solid and shell models. The conclusion of this work includes findings obtained from the study, implications for Herøysund Bridge, and a comparison of both modeling strategies. It also incorporates ideas for future research and guides employing FEM 3D–solid and shell methods to design and construct more efficient, resilient, and durable bridge structures.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life-Cycle Assessment of an Office Building: Influence of the Structural Design on the Embodied Carbon Emissions 办公楼生命周期评估：结构设计对内含碳排放量的影响

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/modelling5010004

José Humberto de Paula Filho, Marina D’Antimo, M. Charlier, O. Vassart

{"title":"Life-Cycle Assessment of an Office Building: Influence of the Structural Design on the Embodied Carbon Emissions","authors":"José Humberto de Paula Filho, Marina D’Antimo, M. Charlier, O. Vassart","doi":"10.3390/modelling5010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010004","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, 37% of global CO2eq. emissions were attributed to the construction sector. The major effort to reduce this share of emissions has been focused on reducing the operational carbon of buildings. Recently, awareness has also been raised on the role of embodied carbon: emissions from materials and construction processes must be urgently addressed to ensure sustainable buildings. To assess the embodied carbon of a building, a life-cycle assessment (LCA) can be performed; this is a science-based and standardized methodology for quantifying the environmental impacts of a building during its life. This paper presents the comparative results of a “cradle-to-cradle” building LCA of an office building located in Luxembourg with 50 years of service life. Three equivalent structural systems are compared: a steel–concrete composite frame, a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame, and a timber frame. A life-cycle inventory (LCI) was performed using environmental product declarations (EPDs) according to EN 15804. For the considered office building, the steel–concrete composite solution outperforms the prefabricated concrete frame in terms of global warming potential (GWP). Additionally, it provides a lower GWP than the timber-frame solution when a landfill end-of-life (EOL) scenario for wood is considered. Finally, the steel–concrete composite and timber solutions show equivalent GWPs when the wood EOL is assumed to be 100% incinerated with energy recovery.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finite Element In-Depth Verification: Base Displacements of a Spherical Dome Loaded by Edge Forces and Moments 有限元深度验证：边缘力和力矩加载球形穹顶的底部位移

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/modelling5010003

V. Terzi, T. Makarios

{"title":"Finite Element In-Depth Verification: Base Displacements of a Spherical Dome Loaded by Edge Forces and Moments","authors":"V. Terzi, T. Makarios","doi":"10.3390/modelling5010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010003","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, engineers possess a wealth of numerical packages in order to design civil engineering structures. The finite element method offers a variety of sophisticated element types, nonlinear materials, and solution algorithms, which enable engineers to confront complicated design problems. However, one of the difficult tasks is the verification of the produced numerical results. The present paper deals with the in-depth verification of a basic problem, referring to the axisymmetric loading by edge forces/moments of a spherical dome, truncated at various roll-down angles, φo. Two formulations of analytical solutions are derived by the bibliography; their results are compared with those produced by the implementation of the finite element method. Modelling details, such as the finite element type, orientation of joints, application of loading, boundary conditions, and results’ interpretation, are presented thoroughly. Four different ratios of the radius of curvature, r and shell’s thickness, and t are examined in order to investigate the compatibility between the implementation of the finite element method to the “first-order” shell theory. The discussion refers to the differences not only between the numerical and analytical results, but also between the two analytical approaches. Furthermore, it emphasizes the necessity of contacting even linear elastic preliminary verification numerical tests as a basis for the construction of more elaborated and sophisticated models.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal Multi-Sensor Obstacle Detection System for Small Fixed-Wing UAVs 小型固定翼无人机的最佳多传感器障碍物探测系统

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.3390/modelling5010002

Marta Portugal, André C. Marta

{"title":"Optimal Multi-Sensor Obstacle Detection System for Small Fixed-Wing UAVs","authors":"Marta Portugal, André C. Marta","doi":"10.3390/modelling5010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010002","url":null,"abstract":"The safety enhancement of small fixed-wing UAVs regarding obstacle detection is addressed using optimization techniques to find the best sensor orientations of different multi-sensor configurations. Four types of sensors for obstacle detection are modeled, namely an ultrasonic sensor, laser rangefinder, LIDAR, and RADAR, using specifications from commercially available models. The simulation environment developed includes collision avoidance with the Potential Fields method. An optimization study is conducted using a genetic algorithm that identifies the best sensor sets and respective orientations relative to the UAV longitudinal axis for the highest obstacle avoidance success rate. The UAV performance is found to be critical for the solutions found, and its speed is considered in the range of 5–15 m/s with a turning rate limited to 45°/s. Forty collision scenarios with both stationary and moving obstacles are randomly generated. Among the combinations of the sensors studied, 12 sensor sets are presented. The ultrasonic sensors prove to be inadequate due to their very limited range, while the laser rangefinders benefit from extended range but have a narrow field of view. In contrast, LIDAR and RADAR emerge as promising options with significant ranges and wide field of views. The best configurations involve a front-facing LIDAR complemented with two laser rangefinders oriented at ±10° or two RADARs oriented at ±28°.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning-Assisted Characterization of Pore-Induced Variability in Mechanical Response of Additively Manufactured Components 机器学习辅助表征孔隙诱发的快速成型部件机械响应变异性

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/modelling5010001

M. Rezasefat, James D. Hogan

{"title":"Machine Learning-Assisted Characterization of Pore-Induced Variability in Mechanical Response of Additively Manufactured Components","authors":"M. Rezasefat, James D. Hogan","doi":"10.3390/modelling5010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010001","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturing defects, such as porosity and inclusions, can significantly compromise the structural integrity and performance of additively manufactured parts by acting as stress concentrators and potential initiation sites for failure. This paper investigates the effects of pore system morphology (number of pores, total volume, volume fraction, and standard deviation of size of pores) on the material response of additively manufactured Ti6Al4V specimens under a shear–compression stress state. An automatic approach for finite element simulations, using the J2 plasticity model, was utilized on a shear–compression specimen with artificial pores of varying characteristics to generate the dataset. An artificial neural network (ANN) surrogate model was developed to predict peak force and failure displacement of specimens with different pore attributes. The ANN demonstrated effective prediction capabilities, offering insights into the importance of individual input variables on mechanical performance of additively manufactured parts. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis using the Garson equation was performed to identify the most influential parameters affecting the material’s behaviour. It was observed that materials with more uniform pore sizes exhibit better mechanical properties than those with a wider size distribution. Overall, the study contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between pore characteristics and material response, providing better defect-aware design and property–porosity linkage in additive manufacturing processes.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"409 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling Detection Distances to Small Bodies Using Spacecraft Cameras 利用航天器摄像头模拟小天体探测距离

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.3390/modelling4040034

Vittorio Franzese, Andreas Makoto Hein

{"title":"Modelling Detection Distances to Small Bodies Using Spacecraft Cameras","authors":"Vittorio Franzese, Andreas Makoto Hein","doi":"10.3390/modelling4040034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling4040034","url":null,"abstract":"Small bodies in the Solar System are appealing targets for scientific and technological space missions, owing to their diversity in intrinsic and extrinsic properties, besides orbit and other factors. Missions to small bodies pass through the critical onboard object detection phase, where the body’s light becomes visible to the spacecraft camera. The relative line-of-sight to the object is acquired and processed to feed relative guidance and navigation algorithms, therefore steering the spacecraft trajectory towards the target. This work assesses the distance of detection for each small body in the Solar System considering the target radiometric properties, three typical spacecraft camera setups, and the relative observation geometry by virtue of a radiometric model. Several uncertainties and noises are considered in the modelling of the detection process. The detection distances for each known small body are determined for small-, medium-, and large-class spacecraft. This proves useful for early mission design phases, where a waypoint for detection needs to be determined, allowing the shift from an absolute to a relative guidance and navigation phase. The work produces an extensive dataset that is freely accessible and useful for teams working on the design phases of space missions.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized Fiducial Inference for the Generalized Rayleigh Distribution 广义瑞利分布的广义浮动推理

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.3390/modelling4040035

Xuan Zhu, Weizhong Tian, Chengliang Tian

引用次数: 0

Using Discrete-Event Simulation to Balance Staff Allocation and Patient Flow between Clinic and Surgery 利用离散事件模拟平衡诊所与手术室之间的人员分配和患者流量

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/modelling4040032

John J. Forbus, Daniel Berleant

引用次数: 0

An Extension of the Susceptible–Infected Model and Its Application to the Analysis of Information Dissemination in Social Networks 易感-感染模型的扩展及其在社交网络信息传播分析中的应用

Modelling Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/modelling4040033

Sergei Sidorov, Alexey Faizliev, S. Tikhonova

{"title":"An Extension of the Susceptible–Infected Model and Its Application to the Analysis of Information Dissemination in Social Networks","authors":"Sergei Sidorov, Alexey Faizliev, S. Tikhonova","doi":"10.3390/modelling4040033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling4040033","url":null,"abstract":"Social media significantly influences business, politics, and society. Easy access and interaction among users allow information to spread rapidly across social networks. Understanding how information is disseminated through these new publishing methods is crucial for political and marketing purposes. However, modeling and predicting information diffusion is challenging due to the complex interactions between network users. This study proposes an analytical approach based on diffusion models to predict the number of social media users engaging in discussions on a topic. We develop a modified version of the susceptible–infected (SI) model that considers the heterogeneity of interactions between users in complex networks. Our model considers the network structure, abandons the assumption of homogeneous mixing, and focuses on information diffusion in scale-free networks. We provide explicit algorithms for modeling information propagation on different types of random graphs and real network structures. We compare our model with alternative approaches, both those considering network structure and those that do not. The accuracy of our model in predicting the number of informed nodes in simulated information diffusion networks demonstrates its effectiveness in describing and predicting information dissemination in social networks. This study highlights the potential of graph-based epidemic models in analyzing online discussion topics and understanding other phenomena spreading on social networks.","PeriodicalId":504049,"journal":{"name":"Modelling","volume":"24 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0