F. Soomro, R. Sultana, S. Soomro, S. Fatimah, Nighat Seema Soomro, Sajjad Ali Larik, A. Afghan
{"title":"Taxonomy of subfamily Tenebrioninae (Latreille, 1802) and Pimeliinae (Latreille, 1802) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with new record from Sindh, Pakistan.","authors":"F. Soomro, R. Sultana, S. Soomro, S. Fatimah, Nighat Seema Soomro, Sajjad Ali Larik, A. Afghan","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-573","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Darkling beetles widely existed in Pakistan and caused economic damage to the number of agricultural crops. In the processing, manufacturing, distribution, and retail segments, these pests pose a food safety risk for adulterating items produced or stored. Still nothing exists on the said subject; therefore, the present study was planned. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution, diversity, and taxonomic status of two sub-families of Tenebrionidae which has significant impact on crops. Methods: Species of subfamily Tenebrioninae and Pimeliinae were collected from the different parts of lower Sindh with the help of pitfall trap, light trap, and hand-picking methods during 2018 to 2020. The main sources of collection for these species were the soil surface of different farms, under the rocked and mountain areas, the storages area/godown and the soil surface of Jungle area. Result: During the present study 486 specimens of Tenebrionidae were accumulated and sorted out into two subfamilies: Pimeliinae which consisted of Pimelia capito, and Trachyderma phalistinia species and Tenebrioninae which consisted of Uloma Simplex and Alphitobius diaperus species. However, Pimelia capito (Krynicky 1832) and Trachyderma phalistinia (Reiche and Saulcy, 1857) were recorded as new record for the first time from Sindh province. It was also noticed that many of the larger species are flightless and not capable of high flight. i.e., Ulomo simplex. But this behavior is under observation and needs more research on this expect in future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dinesh, P. Kharb, Shikha Yashveer, Shalu Chaudhary, M. C. Kamboj, Manohar Lal, Jyoti Taunk
{"title":"Molecular Profiling for Identification of Zea mays L. True Hybrids","authors":"Dinesh, P. Kharb, Shikha Yashveer, Shalu Chaudhary, M. C. Kamboj, Manohar Lal, Jyoti Taunk","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5727","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zea mays (L.), commonly known as maize or corn, is a diploid (2n= 2x= 20) grain crop which belongs to the family Poaceae. It is important to protect and prevent unauthorized commercial usage of hybrids at large scale, which can be best done through molecular profiling. The present study was operated with the purpose to obtain specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers which can identify maize hybrids from their parental lines. Methods: For this work, seven maize hybrids viz. HM 5, HM 8, HM 9, HM 10, HM 11, HM 12 and HM 13 along with their ten respective parents were used. A total of 45 SSR primers, well distributed on all the 10 chromosomes of maize were used for polymerase chain reaction amplification. Result: Molecular study using SSRs resulted in 12 polymorphic and 24 monomorphic markers. Three SSR primers viz. pumc2246, pumc1020 and pumc1040 could clearly distinguish different hybrids and their parents. The study will be useful in detecting unwanted seed mixing with the hybrid seeds.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"209 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Saha, T.F. Yesmin, A. Sarma, C. Mili, P. Mishra, K. Tayung
{"title":"In vitro Antifungal Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts against Fungal Pathogens Causing Diseases in Solanaceous Crops","authors":"S. Saha, T.F. Yesmin, A. Sarma, C. Mili, P. Mishra, K. Tayung","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5899","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research aimed to assess the antifungal potential of oil and organic leaf extracts obtained from Ocimum gratissimum, Kopsia fruticosa and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis against fungal pathogens affecting solanaceous crops. Methods: Oil of O. gratissimum was obtained by hydro-distilled method using Clevenger apparatus. Leaf extracts of K. fruticosa and H. rosa-sinensis were extracted using three organic solvents namely hexane, ethanol and methanol. The antifungal activity of the oil and organic leaf extracts against the test fungal pathogens was determined by the agar well diffusion method. The efficacy of the oil and organic leaf extracts against the pathogens was evaluated by their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), ability to inhibit spore germination and growth kinetic assay. Result: The oil of O. gratissimum (1000 ppm) significantly inhibited the growth of Cercospora capsici (81.4%), Alternaria alternata (73.7%) and Fusarium oxysporum (68.7%). Hexane extract of K. fruticosa and methanol extract of H. rosa-sinensis (1500 µg/well) displayed strong antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum with inhibition percentages of 75.9% and 82.4% respectively. Similarly, ethanol extract of K. fruticosa and methanol extract of H. rosa-sinensis showed effective inhibition against C. capsici and A. alternata. The oil of O. gratissimum showed MIC values of 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL against C. capsici, A. alternata and F. oxysporum respectively. Ethanol extract of K. fruticosa showed MIC values ranging from 100 to 350 µg/mL, while H. rosa-sinensis methanol extract displayed MIC values ranging from 50 to 200 µg/mL against the fungal pathogens. The oil extract also demonstrated strong inhibition of spore germination of the test fungi. Our study suggests the potential of plant-derived essential oils and extracts as effective antifungal agents for crop protection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"40 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Different Rates of Farm Yard Manure Application on the Growth of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production in Offa District, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Yitbarek Abrham, Abrham Shumbulo, Elias Bojago","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-549","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The highlands of North America are where the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) first appeared. Potato is the most important vegetable crop. Farm Yard Manure undoubtedly boosts crop output because it contains large amounts of plant-growth-critical nutrients that aren’t always available in appropriate levels in the soil and the investigation is aimed to establish the ideal level of farmyard manure for increasing potato tuber production. Methods: During the 2019-2020 agricultural season, the experiment was conducted in the Offa District W/Dekeya kebele Irrigation site under irrigation and rainfall circumstances for ten months. The experiment was created on the spot using the randomized complete block design. There were three replications and four treatments (0 t/ha-1, 2.5 t/ha-1, 5 t/ha-1 and 7.5 t/ha-1). Result: The data analysis of variance showed that varying FYM nutrient rates had significant effects on potato tuber spread and stem diameter. But the effect of FYM nutrient showed a non-significant difference (P less than 0.05) on plant height, leaf area and number of stems. The longest plant height (45.187 cm), wider leaf area (45.417 cm2) and maximum plant spread (42.317) were recorded by the application of 5 t/ha-1 FYM nutrient-applied plot. Whereas the maximum stem number (3.4333) obtained by control plot and stem diameter (3.667 cm) were obtained by the application of 7.5 t/ha-1 FYM nutrient.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"55 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139839319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Different Rates of Farm Yard Manure Application on the Growth of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production in Offa District, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Yitbarek Abrham, Abrham Shumbulo, Elias Bojago","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-549","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The highlands of North America are where the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) first appeared. Potato is the most important vegetable crop. Farm Yard Manure undoubtedly boosts crop output because it contains large amounts of plant-growth-critical nutrients that aren’t always available in appropriate levels in the soil and the investigation is aimed to establish the ideal level of farmyard manure for increasing potato tuber production. Methods: During the 2019-2020 agricultural season, the experiment was conducted in the Offa District W/Dekeya kebele Irrigation site under irrigation and rainfall circumstances for ten months. The experiment was created on the spot using the randomized complete block design. There were three replications and four treatments (0 t/ha-1, 2.5 t/ha-1, 5 t/ha-1 and 7.5 t/ha-1). Result: The data analysis of variance showed that varying FYM nutrient rates had significant effects on potato tuber spread and stem diameter. But the effect of FYM nutrient showed a non-significant difference (P less than 0.05) on plant height, leaf area and number of stems. The longest plant height (45.187 cm), wider leaf area (45.417 cm2) and maximum plant spread (42.317) were recorded by the application of 5 t/ha-1 FYM nutrient-applied plot. Whereas the maximum stem number (3.4333) obtained by control plot and stem diameter (3.667 cm) were obtained by the application of 7.5 t/ha-1 FYM nutrient.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of New Media Technologies on Agricultural Production among Rural Households in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Effiong, Martina N. Iheme","doi":"10.18805/ag.drf-361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.drf-361","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study assessed the effectiveness of new media channels on agricultural production among rural households in Akwa Ibom State. The objectives of the study were; to identify the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents in the study area, identify the types of new media channels available to rural households in the study area and assessed the effectiveness of new media on agricultural production in the study area. Methods: A multi stage sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents used for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The results of the study revealed that 36.6% of the respondents were aged between 41-50 years, with 39.20% and 28.20% having secondary and primary levels of education respectively. Whatsapp was the most popular new media channel available to the farming households. In terms of effectiveness, it was observed that new media was effective mostly in improving crop and animal husbandry. The results of the hypothesis showed that age of the farmers and educational level of the farmers were found significant. It is concluded that new media is a veritable tool in the development of agriculture in Akwa Ibom State in particular and Nigeria in general.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"137 1-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of New Media Technologies on Agricultural Production among Rural Households in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Effiong, Martina N. Iheme","doi":"10.18805/ag.drf-361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.drf-361","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study assessed the effectiveness of new media channels on agricultural production among rural households in Akwa Ibom State. The objectives of the study were; to identify the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents in the study area, identify the types of new media channels available to rural households in the study area and assessed the effectiveness of new media on agricultural production in the study area. Methods: A multi stage sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents used for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The results of the study revealed that 36.6% of the respondents were aged between 41-50 years, with 39.20% and 28.20% having secondary and primary levels of education respectively. Whatsapp was the most popular new media channel available to the farming households. In terms of effectiveness, it was observed that new media was effective mostly in improving crop and animal husbandry. The results of the hypothesis showed that age of the farmers and educational level of the farmers were found significant. It is concluded that new media is a veritable tool in the development of agriculture in Akwa Ibom State in particular and Nigeria in general.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139790189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivalika Sood, Hari Singh, Avinash Kumar, Diksha Sethi, Komal Sharma
{"title":"Factors Affecting Acreage Response of Pulses in the State of Rajasthan","authors":"Shivalika Sood, Hari Singh, Avinash Kumar, Diksha Sethi, Komal Sharma","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5813","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulses are rich in protein, fiber and vital vitamins and minerals however, since the start of the so-called “green revolution” in 1966-1967, their cultivation has experienced a notable decrease. This declining trend in the area under pulses shows that farmers have been changing their crop selections in response to changing techno-economic circumstances. Thus, there is a strong need to study acreage reactions, which will provide important insights for developing efficient policy directives for pulse development. Methods: The objective of this research is to examine the factors that impact the production of pulse crops in the state of Rajasthan. The study is totally dependent on secondary data that was obtained from state government publications for the years 2000–01 and 2019-20. In order to achieve its goals, the study uses backward an elimination regression method. Result: The findings indicate that current-year irrigation significantly improved chickpea farming, while positive effects on pigeon pea acreage were linked to current-year rainfall, lagged irrigated area and pigeon pea yield variability. However, pigeon pea acreage was negatively affected by current-year irrigation and lagged production. Additionally, positive correlations were found between the lagged price of a rival crop (Bajra), current-year rainfall and moong bean acreage response. Urd bean acreage benefited from one-year lagged rainfall, lagged area and yield of pulse crops and lagged pricing of a rival crop (linseed). Therefore, investing in research and development, promoting rainfed techniques and establishing supportive pricing systems are crucial for boosting pulse production and meeting future demand efficiently.","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"168 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivalika Sood, Hari Singh, Avinash Kumar, Diksha Sethi, Komal Sharma
{"title":"Factors Affecting Acreage Response of Pulses in the State of Rajasthan","authors":"Shivalika Sood, Hari Singh, Avinash Kumar, Diksha Sethi, Komal Sharma","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5813","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulses are rich in protein, fiber and vital vitamins and minerals however, since the start of the so-called “green revolution” in 1966-1967, their cultivation has experienced a notable decrease. This declining trend in the area under pulses shows that farmers have been changing their crop selections in response to changing techno-economic circumstances. Thus, there is a strong need to study acreage reactions, which will provide important insights for developing efficient policy directives for pulse development. Methods: The objective of this research is to examine the factors that impact the production of pulse crops in the state of Rajasthan. The study is totally dependent on secondary data that was obtained from state government publications for the years 2000–01 and 2019-20. In order to achieve its goals, the study uses backward an elimination regression method. Result: The findings indicate that current-year irrigation significantly improved chickpea farming, while positive effects on pigeon pea acreage were linked to current-year rainfall, lagged irrigated area and pigeon pea yield variability. However, pigeon pea acreage was negatively affected by current-year irrigation and lagged production. Additionally, positive correlations were found between the lagged price of a rival crop (Bajra), current-year rainfall and moong bean acreage response. Urd bean acreage benefited from one-year lagged rainfall, lagged area and yield of pulse crops and lagged pricing of a rival crop (linseed). Therefore, investing in research and development, promoting rainfed techniques and establishing supportive pricing systems are crucial for boosting pulse production and meeting future demand efficiently.","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. P. Chetariya, M. S. Pithia, I. R. Delvadiya, Reginah Pheirim, Alka Soharu, Nidhi Dubey
{"title":"Evaluation of Desi Chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) Landraces for Heat Tolerance using Morpho-phenological Traits and Stress Tolerance Indices (STI)","authors":"C. P. Chetariya, M. S. Pithia, I. R. Delvadiya, Reginah Pheirim, Alka Soharu, Nidhi Dubey","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5902","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chickpea is a globally important commercial crop and a key source of protein for vegetarian populations. Though chickpea was domesticated at least 3000 years ago, research into abiotic stress tolerance has been limited compared to cereals. Methods: An experiment was conducted with a set of seventy-one genotypes of Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to isolate high temperature tolerant genotypes using randomized block design (RBD) under two different sowing conditions (normal and late/terminal heat stress) and two growing seasons (rabi-2017-18 and 2018-19) at the Pulses Research Station of Junagadh Agricultural University. The screening of heat tolerant genotypes was done based on nine morpho-phenological traits, stress tolerance indices and correlation amongst them. Result: The heat tolerant genotypes of chickpea had less percentage of reduction in numbers of pods, seed yield per plant and 100-seeds weight. Five genotypes viz., ICC 4958, ICC 14595, ICC 8318, GG 4 and ICCV 92944 were identified as highly heat tolerant on the basis of HSI and YSR. These tolerant genotypes and screening criteria’s can be of great importance to identify donor parents to develop new cultivars for the farmers growing chickpea in the heat prone regions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503872,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal","volume":"29 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139863911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}