Industrial and Engineering Chemistry最新文献

Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Using Natural and Chemical Materials as Catalyst 天然和化学原料催化废食用油酯交换反应的研究

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-EnBm0E

Marwa F. Abdul Jabbar, Abdulkareem Dahash Affat, Luay Badr Hamad

{"title":"Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Using Natural and Chemical Materials as Catalyst","authors":"Marwa F. Abdul Jabbar, Abdulkareem Dahash Affat, Luay Badr Hamad","doi":"10.4028/p-EnBm0E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-EnBm0E","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the greenhouse effect of increased fossil fuel use, resulting in an increase in the period during which fossil fuels will remain available. Because of its advantages for the environment and its production from renewable resources, biodiesel has grown more appealing. As there is a supply of used cooking oil, interest in producing biodiesel is rising. This research examines how CaO and sawdust function as heterogeneous catalysts in transesterification regarding ethanol to produce bio-diesel from the used cooking oil. The impacts of the subsequent variables on the yield of the created biodiesel were investigated. Those parameters include the catalyst concentration (0.5-3 wt%), reaction period (1-4 hr), the molar ratio of ethanol to oil (8:1– 20:1), and temperature (45 to 80 °C). This led to the discovery that CaO catalyst is more efficient compared to the sawdust catalyst, with the maximum percentage yield being 75% for the sawdust catalyst and 95% for the CaO catalyst under catalyst conditions (0.50%), ethanol oil molar ratio of 20:1, and 65 Celsius temperature for 3 hours. It was evident from the results that the biodiesel fuel produced by the catalyst developed in this study fell within the acceptable range of biodiesel fuel.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86861236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maximizing High Value Light Products by Catalytic Cracking of VGO Produced by Iraqi Refinery over Formulated FCC Catalyst 利用配方FCC催化剂催化裂化伊拉克炼油厂生产的VGO，实现高价值轻产品的最大化

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-kL6QSL

Samer Abdulridha, A. Radhi, Marwa N. Abbas, Amal K. Shehab, Wisam M. Aluaibi

{"title":"Maximizing High Value Light Products by Catalytic Cracking of VGO Produced by Iraqi Refinery over Formulated FCC Catalyst","authors":"Samer Abdulridha, A. Radhi, Marwa N. Abbas, Amal K. Shehab, Wisam M. Aluaibi","doi":"10.4028/p-kL6QSL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kL6QSL","url":null,"abstract":"Prototype of FCC catalyst were formulated by mixing the stabilised Y zeolites (68wt%) with polyvinal alcohol (PVA) (7%) as a solution binder and bentonite (25%). The Y zeolite including the original HY with Si/Al of 2.6 (cat.-2.6) and dealuminated HY with Si/Al of 30 (cat.-30) were used and tested for catalytic cracking of Iraqi vacuum gas oil (VGO) obtained from Al-Dura refinery using a pilot plant. The cracking process was carried out at a temperature of 520 °C and atmospheric pressure, The weight ratio of catalyst / oil ratio was 3 and 5. The results show that higher conversion of 77 wt. % and better product distribution (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil) could be obtained over cat.30 resulting to a good liquid product yield. The catalytic activity, in terms of VGO conversion was not affected over cat.-30 in spite of its lower acidity, suggesting the determinate of mesoporosity in the Y zeolite (cat.-30) catalysed cracking reactions. A higher yield of ~ 67 wt% to mid-distillates (i.e.Naphtha and kerosene) was as a result of the improvements in the diffusion to and from catalyst structure.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72554649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Studying the Factors Affecting De-Emulsification of Crude Oil 原油脱乳化影响因素的研究

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-aYNBt6

Zolfa Q. Atshan, M. A. Mohammed

{"title":"Studying the Factors Affecting De-Emulsification of Crude Oil","authors":"Zolfa Q. Atshan, M. A. Mohammed","doi":"10.4028/p-aYNBt6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-aYNBt6","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with highly stable emulsions. It is concentrated on de-emulsification of crude oil. In the petroleum industry, de-emulsification is an important and urgent task that is typically required for the treatment of crude oil. This work, suggests method using coupling device integrated centrifuge with chemical to strengthen the de-emulsification efficiency. A number of de-emulsification runs were conducted to determine how centrifuge and chemical components affected the effectiveness of de-emulsifying crude oil and the separation of water, Different types of de-emulsifiers the (ethylene glycol, choline chloride and ethyl cellulose), were used with different concentration of de-emulsifiers, de-emulsification time in centrifuge and centrifugal speed. Also studied at the same time. Studies on the de-emulsification of crude oil were conducted at room temperature. As the concentration of de-emulsifiers was increased, crude oil's de-emulsification efficiency rose , centrifuge time and centrifugal speed ,with de-emulsifier type effect on de- emulsification ,which reached maximum (85.9%,84.4% and 74.07%) at rate 4% of ethylene glycol, choline chloride and ethyl cellulose respectively ,at 60 min and 4000 rpm . This method provides higher water separation from crude oil emulsion and quicker method.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74245939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depolymerization of Cellulose Components from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches in Bleaching and Delignification Process 油棕空果束纤维素组分在漂白和脱木质素过程中的解聚

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-ugJQs1

S. Susi, M. Ainuri, W. Wagiman, M. Affan, Fajar Falah

{"title":"Depolymerization of Cellulose Components from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches in Bleaching and Delignification Process","authors":"S. Susi, M. Ainuri, W. Wagiman, M. Affan, Fajar Falah","doi":"10.4028/p-ugJQs1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ugJQs1","url":null,"abstract":"Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are oil palm industry waste which is indeed abundant. OPEFB waste has been explorated to make fiber, cellulose, and its derivatives. In the process of extracting cellulose, there is depolymerization of several components, both hemicellulose, lignin, color, and structural elements. The combination of bleaching under acidic conditions and alkaline delignification gave different changes, one of which depends on the type of bleacher, concentration, reaction time, and the number of stages carried out. This study aimed to examine the effect of NaClO2 concentration and bleaching time on the physical and chemical characteristics that indicate the depolymerization process of OPEFB fiber. Depolymerization can be indicated by changes in the cellulose color, the content of cellulose, and the changes in cellulose crystallinity. The change of cellulose mass was affected by the bleacher concentration and the bleaching time. High concentrations of bleacher will reduce the cellulose mass significantly. Similarly, the depolymerization of the chromophore elements in OPEFB fiber will show a change in color from brown to gray-white with different brightness intensities. The XRD test indicated that there was a correlation between low crystallinity with the use of high bleacher concentrations.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80993188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review: Membrane Reactor for Hydrogen Production: Modeling and Simulation 膜式制氢反应器的建模与仿真研究进展

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-XakNe1

Alaa Hasan Kassi, T. Al-Hattab

{"title":"A Review: Membrane Reactor for Hydrogen Production: Modeling and Simulation","authors":"Alaa Hasan Kassi, T. Al-Hattab","doi":"10.4028/p-XakNe1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-XakNe1","url":null,"abstract":"A membrane reactor is a multifactional vessel used for H2 production. Hydrogen's three spectrum colors are dependent on carbon present. Two types of membrane with high permeability to hydrogen (polymeric and metallic) Hydrogen is produced in two systems: conventional reactors and membrane reactors (which separate and purify hydrogen in a single vessel). There are many types of membrane reactors according to design (catalytic membrane reactor (CMR), fixed bed reactor (FBMR), fluidized bed reactor (FBMR), etc. The transport mechanism of H2 through the membrane by a \"sorption-diffusion mechanism\" and the government equations that are used for membrane reactor modeling and simulation, such as continuity, momentum, mass, and heat transfer equations of the CMR, and the thickness of the membrane. These equations are solved by MATLAB, COMSOL, and the Finite Element Method to simulate the MR at different parameters: rate of conversion, rate of sweep gas, temperature, pressure, rate of H2 permeation through a membrane, and activity of the catalyst. We summarized theoretical studies for membrane reactors, including the operation conditions, type of hydrocarbon feed, type of production method, kind of catalyst, and heat effect.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86192650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical Compositions of Essential Oil of Agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) Harvested in Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam 越南富国岛沉香(Aquilaria crassna)精油的化学成分

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-oHM1mQ

T. Q. Toan, T. Dinh, T. Tran, Thi Bich Hoang, Q. Pham, Quyet Chien Nguyen, N. N. Quy, Thanh Viet Nguyen

引用次数: 0

Propolis Bioactive Compounds of Stingless Bees (Tetragonula laeviceps) from Mount Merapi Slope, Sleman, Yogyakarta 日惹Sleman Merapi山无刺蜂(Tetragonula laeviceps)蜂胶活性物质研究

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4028/p-g9Eic6

I. Sudaryadi, F. Oktaweni, I. E. Pramono, K. W. Fatikasary, H. Widiawati, S. Sutikno

{"title":"Propolis Bioactive Compounds of Stingless Bees (Tetragonula laeviceps) from Mount Merapi Slope, Sleman, Yogyakarta","authors":"I. Sudaryadi, F. Oktaweni, I. E. Pramono, K. W. Fatikasary, H. Widiawati, S. Sutikno","doi":"10.4028/p-g9Eic6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-g9Eic6","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of many new diseases due to viruses and bacteria demands for an increase in the discovery of natural alternative medicines. One example of sources of natural medicine is the honey and the propolis of Tetragonula laeviceps bee. The efficacy, physical and chemical properties of honey are known to be influenced by the type of pollen and the environment whilst the composition of propolis is influenced by the geological factors. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to study the composition of propolis’ bioactive compounds of T.laeviceps bee from Mount Merapi Slope, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The bioactive compound composition of the propolis sample were analysed by Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis showed that the propolis has various type of compounds containing up to 20 bioactive compounds which can be classified in three different groups namely alkaloids (70%), phenolics (20%), and terpenoids (5%). Most of these compounds were found to be biologically important. However, further research is still required to confirm the potential antimicrobial properties of the propolis’ bioactive compounds.","PeriodicalId":50368,"journal":{"name":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81593677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbonate Hydroxyapatite from Pinctada Maxima Shell with Short Aging Time for Bone Biomaterial Candidate 短老化时间大锥蚌壳碳酸盐羟基磷灰石的合成与表征

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.4028/p-08k84g

M. Megawati, D. J. Patty, Y. Yusuf

引用次数: 0

Synthesis, Characterization, Optical and Luminescence Properties of Copper Based Metal Organic Frame Works 铜基金属有机骨架的合成、表征、光学和发光性能

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.4028/p-533xs2

Maya Pai, V. Adimule, B. Yallur, S. Batakurki

引用次数: 0

Kinetics Modelling of Vitamin B12 Release in an Agar/κ-Carrageenan Hydrogel Blend 琼脂/κ-卡拉胶水凝胶混合物中维生素B12释放的动力学模型

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.4028/p-9cv3vh

Michael Sean P. Deang, Jayke Matthew Fajardo, David Tañá, T. Tumolva

引用次数: 0