Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060537

Ruoxuan Wang, Yuzhe Sun, Zhongxu Liu, Mingyi Gao, Xiaodi You

{"title":"Integrated Mobile Visible Light Communication and Positioning Systems Based on Decision Feedback Channel Estimation","authors":"Ruoxuan Wang, Yuzhe Sun, Zhongxu Liu, Mingyi Gao, Xiaodi You","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060537","url":null,"abstract":"Visible light communication (VLC) and visible light positioning (VLP) systems are usually designed separately to prevent mutual interference, while terminal mobility often introduces challenges that can degrade their performance. In this paper, we propose an integrated visible light communication and positioning (VLCP) scheme designed for mobile scenarios, encompassing both multiple-input–single-output (MISO) and multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) configurations. This scheme integrates both functionalities into a unified system. Utilizing decision feedback channel estimation (DFCE), we effectively estimate the dynamic channel state information (CSI) for both VLC and VLP, thereby potentially enhancing both communication and positioning performance. Simulation results across various routes verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It is observed that when the terminal moves at 1 m/s, the VLCP scheme with DFCE can maintain reliable transmission quality, ensuring bit error rates (BERs) consistently below 1.3 × 10−2. Additionally, the mean positioning errors remain within the centimeter range in different routes, not exceeding 4.3 cm and 15.5 cm in the MISO and MIMO scenarios, respectively.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Long-Distance Geometric Error Measurement and Uncertainty Based on PSD Laser Collimation Principle 基于 PSD 激光准直原理的长距离几何误差测量和不确定性分析

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060538

Yinbao Cheng, Penghuang Luo, Bin Shen, Yinghui Wang, Yaru Li, Shaohui Li

{"title":"Analysis of Long-Distance Geometric Error Measurement and Uncertainty Based on PSD Laser Collimation Principle","authors":"Yinbao Cheng, Penghuang Luo, Bin Shen, Yinghui Wang, Yaru Li, Shaohui Li","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060538","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the limitations of traditional geometric error measurement, the measurement accuracy of long-stroke geometric errors is generally not high and the operation is complicated. In response to the above situation, in this study, a geometric error measurement system is built with a laser beam as the reference line and 2D position sensitive detector as the photoelectric conversion device. The single measurement range is 40 m, and the measurement range is further expanded through the principle of segmented splicing. Using an ultra-long guide rail as the measurement object for straightness measurement, the experimental results are similar to those of a laser interferometer. The uncertainty analysis model was obtained through the analysis of quantity characteristics, and based on this, the variance synthesis theorem and probability distribution propagation principle were studied to form two uncertainty synthesis methods. The measurement evaluation results showed that the two methods were basically consistent. The work provided a reference method for the uncertainty evaluation of position-sensitive detector measurement systems in the future.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Independently Accessible Dual-Band Barrier Infrared Detector Using Type-II Superlattices 使用 II 型超晶格的独立可访问双波段屏障式红外探测器

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060531

Seung-man Park, Christoph H. Grein

{"title":"Independently Accessible Dual-Band Barrier Infrared Detector Using Type-II Superlattices","authors":"Seung-man Park, Christoph H. Grein","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060531","url":null,"abstract":"We report a novel dual-band barrier infrared detector (DBIRD) design using InAs/GaSb type-II superlattices (T2SLs). The DBIRD structure consists of back-to-back barrier diodes: a “blue channel” (BC) diode which has an nBp architecture, an n-type layer of a larger bandgap for absorbing the blue band infrared/barrier/p-type layer, and a “red channel” (RC) diode which has a pBn architecture, a p-type layer of a smaller bandgap for absorbing the red band infrared/barrier/n-type layer. Each has a unipolar barrier using a T2SL lattice matched to a GaSb substrate to impede the flow of majority carriers from the absorbing layer. Each channel in the DBIRD can be independently accessed with a low bias voltage as is preferable for high-speed thermal imaging. The device modeling of DBIRDs and simulation results of the current–voltage characteristics under dark and illuminated conditions are also presented. They predict that the dual-band operation of the DBIRD will produce low dark currents and 45–56% quantum efficiencies for the in-band photons in the BC with λc = 5.58 μm, and a nearly constant 32% in the RC with λc = 8.05 μm. The spectral quantum efficiency of the BC for 500 K blackbody radiation is approximately 50% over the range of λ = 3–4.7 μm, while that of the RC has a peak of 42% at 5.9 μm. The DBIRD may provide improved high-speed dual-band imaging in comparison with NBn dual-band detectors.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"121 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generation of Bright–Dark Pulse Pairs in the Er-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Based on Doped Fiber Saturable Absorber 基于掺杂光纤饱和吸收器的掺铒模式锁定光纤激光器中亮暗脉冲对的产生

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060534

Yaoyao Qi, Qixing Yu, Wei Sun, Yaqing Gao, Yu Zhang, Zhenxu Bai, Jie Ding, Bingzheng Yan, Yulei Wang, Zhiwei Lu, Dapeng Yan

{"title":"Generation of Bright–Dark Pulse Pairs in the Er-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Based on Doped Fiber Saturable Absorber","authors":"Yaoyao Qi, Qixing Yu, Wei Sun, Yaqing Gao, Yu Zhang, Zhenxu Bai, Jie Ding, Bingzheng Yan, Yulei Wang, Zhiwei Lu, Dapeng Yan","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060534","url":null,"abstract":": This study reports new types of passive mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a segment of doped fiber saturable absorber (DFSA) with Tm/Ho-doped fiber (THDF), Yb-doped fiber (YDF), and Er-doped fiber (EDF). By employing THDF-SA, a bright pulse sequence with a fundamental repetition rate of 17.86 MHz was obtained. In addition, various mode-locked output states, including dark pulses, dark–bright pulse pairs, bright–dark pulse pairs, and second-harmonic pulses, were obtained through polarization modulation and gain modulation, and the orthogonality of dark–bright pulses in both polarization directions was verified. Furthermore, using EDF-SA and YDF-SA, dark pulses and dark–bright pulses were obtained. A comparison of the three experiments revealed that THDF-SA effectively reduces the mode-locked threshold and improves the average output power. Compared with bright pulses, dark pulses offer several advantages such as resisting noise, increasing propagation speed, and suppressing nonlinear scattering (such as pulse-intrinsic Raman scattering); thus, the EDFL can find broad application in long-distance transmission, precision measurement, and other fields.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Situ Structural Characterization of Cardiomyocyte Microenvironment by Multimodal STED Microscopy 利用多模态 STED 显微镜对心肌细胞微环境进行原位结构表征

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060533

Zhao Zhang, Bruce Z. Gao, Tong Ye

{"title":"In Situ Structural Characterization of Cardiomyocyte Microenvironment by Multimodal STED Microscopy","authors":"Zhao Zhang, Bruce Z. Gao, Tong Ye","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060533","url":null,"abstract":"Within the myocardium, cardiomyocytes reside in a complex and dynamic extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting of a basement membrane (BM) and interstitial matrix. The interactions between cardiomyocytes and the myocardial ECM play a critical role in maintaining cardiac geometry and function throughout cardiac development and in adult hearts. Understanding how the structural changes of the myocardial ECM affect cardiomyocyte function requires knowledge of pericellular structures. These structures are of a size beyond the resolution of conventional optical microscopy. Here, we demonstrated multi-scale and multi-aspect characterization of the cardiomyocyte microenvironment in myocardial tissue sections using multimodal stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Second harmonic generation and autofluorescence facilitated multiplexed imaging, enabling the interpretation of protein distribution in 3D. STED imaging modality revealed BM structures of cardiomyocytes and myocardial capillaries at the subdiffractional level. Moreover, meaningful measurements retrieved from acquired images, such as sarcomere length and capillary density, enabled quantitative assessment of myocardial structures.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multi-Parameter Tunable and Compact Plasmon Modulator in the Near-Infrared Spectrum 近红外光谱多参数可调紧凑型等离子体调制器

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060530

Xuefang Hu, Hongfei Wang, Sisi Yang, Changgui Lu, Xiang Zhao, Mengjia Lu

引用次数: 0

Enhancement of Mosquito Collection for Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes Trapping System Using Cavity Reflectors 利用空腔反射器增强紫外线发光二极管诱捕系统的蚊子收集能力

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060532

Jui-Chen Chang, Yi-Chian Chen, Wei-Yu Lu, Xuan-Huy Nguyen, Hsiao-Yi Lee

{"title":"Enhancement of Mosquito Collection for Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes Trapping System Using Cavity Reflectors","authors":"Jui-Chen Chang, Yi-Chian Chen, Wei-Yu Lu, Xuan-Huy Nguyen, Hsiao-Yi Lee","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060532","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores novel avenues for optimizing mosquito-catching efficiency using a multifaceted approach. While previous studies have primarily focused on singular parameters, such as light intensity or wind speed, this study delves into the intricate interplay between various factors. Experiment 1 challenges conventional wisdom by revealing a wider light divergence angle. When the reflective plate combined with the airflow board was set to 0 cm in length, the effectiveness of capturing mosquitoes was lower than that of the 3 cm unit, suggesting overlooked variables at play. Experiment 2 introduces a novel perspective by demonstrating the superior efficiency of the 5 cm unit, even with reduced wind speed and luminous area under optimized conditions, showcasing the significance of a holistic approach. Moreover, Experiment 3 uncovers nuanced insights, showcasing the differential performance of units in capturing small insects versus mosquitoes and moths, highlighting the need for tailored strategies. By integrating these findings, the study pioneers the development of two distinct mosquito collection units, emphasizing the critical importance of balancing diverse parameters for optimal results. The innovation lies in the thorough investigation of multifaceted optimization strategies, providing valuable insights to propel advancements in mosquito control technologies.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"36 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increase in Modulation Speed of Silicon Photonics Modulator with Quantum-Well Slab Wings: New Insights from a Numerical Study 提高带有量子阱板翼的硅光子调制器的调制速度：数值研究的新见解

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060535

Kensuke Ogawa

{"title":"Increase in Modulation Speed of Silicon Photonics Modulator with Quantum-Well Slab Wings: New Insights from a Numerical Study","authors":"Kensuke Ogawa","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060535","url":null,"abstract":"A Silicon Photonics modulator is a high-speed photonic integrated circuit for optical data transmission in high-capacity optical networks. Silicon Photonics modulators in the configuration of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, in which a PN-junction rib-waveguide phase shifter is inserted in each arm of the interferometer, are studied in this paper because of their superior performance of high-quality optical data generation in a wide range of spectral bands and their simplicity in fabrication processes suitable to production in foundries. Design, fabrication, and fundamental characteristics of Silicon Photonics Mach–Zehnder modulators are reviewed as an introduction to these high-speed PICs on the Silicon Photonics platform. Modulation speed, or modulation bandwidth, is a key performance item, as well as optical loss, in the application to high-speed optical transmitters. Limiting factors on modulation speed are addressed in equations. Electrical resistance–capacitance coupling, which causes optical modulation bandwidth–optical loss trade-off, is the most challenging limiting factor that limits high-speed modulation. Expansion of modulation bandwidth is not possible without increasing optical loss in the conventional approaches. A new idea including quantum-mechanical effect in the design of Silicon Photonics modulators is proposed and proved in computational analysis to resolve the bandwidth loss trade-off. By adding high-mobility quantum-well overlayers to the side slab wings of the rib-waveguide phase shifter, the modulation bandwidth is doubled without increasing optical loss to achieve a 200 Gbaud modulation rate.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Principles of Measuring Thickness and Refractive Index of Thin Dielectric Film by Using Multiresonance Archimedean Spiral Metasurfaces with C Resonator in the Terahertz Frequency Range 在太赫兹频率范围内利用带 C 谐振器的多共振阿基米德螺旋元表面测量薄介质薄膜厚度和折射率的原理

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060529

Oleg Kameshkov, Vasily V Gerasimov

{"title":"Principles of Measuring Thickness and Refractive Index of Thin Dielectric Film by Using Multiresonance Archimedean Spiral Metasurfaces with C Resonator in the Terahertz Frequency Range","authors":"Oleg Kameshkov, Vasily V Gerasimov","doi":"10.3390/photonics11060529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060529","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurfaces are an excellent platform for terahertz (THz) sensing applications, enabling highly efficient light–matter interaction and overcoming the fundamental disadvantage of the relatively long-wavelength THz range (30–3000 μm), which limits sensing of small features. The current focus in developing metasurfaces is mostly directed toward single-resonance metasurfaces and reconstruction of the dielectric constants of analyte from the saturation mode induced by the limited sensing volume of the metasurface. This paper presents a numerical demonstration of using a multiresonance metasurface to extract the thickness and refractive index of a deposited film without saturation of the sensor. It was shown that the multiresonance property enables determination of the analyte characteristic via measurements with two different thicknesses and tracking changes in two resonances. High-accuracy parameter retrieval is achieved when there are large differences in the thicknesses. In contrast to the established approach, this method provides an efficient way to avoid using relatively thick films.","PeriodicalId":503623,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Near Fourier-Limited Pulse-Preserving Monochromator for Extreme-Ultraviolet Pulses in the Few-Fs Regime 用于极紫外脉冲的近傅立叶限脉冲保留单色器（Few-Fs 级

Photonics Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11060525

Yudong Yang, Tanja Neumann, J. Hengster, R. Mainz, Jakob Elsner, O. Mücke, F. Kärtner, Thorsten Uphues

引用次数: 0

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