Frontiers in Social Psychology最新文献

Structurally unjust: how lay beliefs about racism relate to responses to racial inequality in the criminal legal system 结构上的不公正：非专业人士对种族主义的看法与应对刑事法律制度中种族不平等现象的关系

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2024.1332527

Julian M. Rucker, Ajua Duker, J. Richeson

引用次数: 0

Quantifying generalized trust in individuals and counties using language 用语言量化对个人和国家的普遍信任

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2024.1384262

Salvatore Giorgi, Jason Jeffrey Jones, Anneke Buffone, J. Eichstaedt, P. Crutchley, D. Yaden, Jeanette Elstein, Mohammadzaman Zamani, Jennifer Kregor, Laura K Smith, Martin E. P. Seligman, Margaret L. Kern, L. Ungar, H. A. Schwartz

{"title":"Quantifying generalized trust in individuals and counties using language","authors":"Salvatore Giorgi, Jason Jeffrey Jones, Anneke Buffone, J. Eichstaedt, P. Crutchley, D. Yaden, Jeanette Elstein, Mohammadzaman Zamani, Jennifer Kregor, Laura K Smith, Martin E. P. Seligman, Margaret L. Kern, L. Ungar, H. A. Schwartz","doi":"10.3389/frsps.2024.1384262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1384262","url":null,"abstract":"Trust is predictive of civic cooperation and economic growth. Recently, the U.S. public has demonstrated increased partisan division and a surveyed decline in trust in institutions. There is a need to quantify individual and community levels of trust unobtrusively and at scale. Using observations of language across more than 16,000 Facebook users, along with their self-reported generalized trust score, we develop and evaluate a language-based assessment of generalized trust. We then apply the assessment to more than 1.6 billion geotagged tweets collected between 2009 and 2015 and derive estimates of trust across 2,041 U.S. counties. We find generalized trust was associated with more affiliative words (love, we, and friends) and less angry words (hate and stupid) but only had a weak association with social words primarily driven by strong negative associations with general othering terms (“they” and “people”). At the county level, associations with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Gallup surveys suggest that people in high-trust counties were physically healthier and more satisfied with their community and their lives. Our study demonstrates that generalized trust levels can be estimated from language as a low-cost, unobtrusive method to monitor variations in trust in large populations.","PeriodicalId":503123,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Social Psychology","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The limited impact of adverse experiences on worldviews and ideologies 不利经历对世界观和意识形态的影响有限

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2024.1375527

Felipe Vilanova, Damiao Soares Almeida-Segundo, Pablo Borges Moura, Felicia Pratto, Angelo Brandelli Costa

{"title":"The limited impact of adverse experiences on worldviews and ideologies","authors":"Felipe Vilanova, Damiao Soares Almeida-Segundo, Pablo Borges Moura, Felicia Pratto, Angelo Brandelli Costa","doi":"10.3389/frsps.2024.1375527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1375527","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of adverse experiences on clinical symptoms has been consistently demonstrated, but their impact on ideologies and worldviews has been rarely tested empirically. It has been long assumed that threatening experiences increase Dangerous World Beliefs (DWB) and Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA), whereas scarcity experiences increase Competitive World Beliefs (CWB) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). Here we assess whether self-reports of these adverse experiences are associated with clinical symptoms, worldviews and ideologies across two distinct studies (Ntotal = 1,108). Study 1 comprised Brazilian youth (13–17 years old) and results indicated that adverse experiences are consistently associated with depression, anxiety and stress but only marginally associated with DWB, RWA, CWB and SDO. Study 2 comprised male prisoners with a higher degree of adverse experiences and similar results were observed, as adverse experiences were mostly unrelated to worldviews and ideologies. Comprehensively, this research challenges the theoretical foundations of worldviews and ideological development, posing questions to the existing models and advocating for new frameworks that promote a shift from models grounded in clinical assumptions to frameworks focusing on social influences.","PeriodicalId":503123,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Social Psychology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discriminatory, yet socially accepted? Targets’ perceptions of subtle and blatant expressions of ethno-racial prejudice 歧视，但又被社会所接受？目标群体对民族-种族偏见的微妙和公然表达方式的看法

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2024.1343514

Franziska A. Stanke, Niclas Kuper, Karolina Fetz, Gerald Echterhoff

{"title":"Discriminatory, yet socially accepted? Targets’ perceptions of subtle and blatant expressions of ethno-racial prejudice","authors":"Franziska A. Stanke, Niclas Kuper, Karolina Fetz, Gerald Echterhoff","doi":"10.3389/frsps.2024.1343514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1343514","url":null,"abstract":"Extant research has studied prejudice expressions mainly from the majority perspective. We examined whether prejudice expressions conceptualized as subtle (vs. blatant) are perceived differently by their targets.Participants who self-identified as potential targets of ethno-racial or religious prejudice (e.g., anti-Muslim, anti-Asian, anti-Arab, anti-Slavic, and anti-Black prejudice), answered questions about verbal expressions of prejudice taken from the subtle and blatant prejudice scales in an online survey.Items of the subtle (vs. blatant) prejudice scale were rated as more socially accepted and less discriminatory, elicited less negative emotions, and were reported to be experienced more often. Subtle expressions of prejudice were not more familiar to participants than blatant ones. Remarkably, blatant prejudice expressions were also perceived as relatively socially accepted and subtle prejudices as relatively discriminatory, as indicated by mean ratings above the scale midpoint. Lower discrimination ratings of subtle (vs. blatant) prejudice expressions were mainly due to perceptions of expressions exaggerating cultural differences. Exploratory analyses indicate that participants who reported more (vs. less) frequent overall exposure to the prejudice expressions perceived subtle and blatant stimuli as similarly discriminatory. This finding is compatible with the idea that individuals factor their personal experiences with prejudice into their assessments of discrimination.We discuss implications for interventions, especially regarding the social acceptability of blatant prejudice and promoting awareness of the discriminatory impact of subtle prejudice.","PeriodicalId":503123,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Social Psychology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond close relationships: the positive effects of group relationships and group identification on health 超越亲密关系：群体关系和群体认同对健康的积极影响

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2024.1310755

Cristina Camilo, Maria Luísa Lima, Rita Moura, Fátima Quintal, Maria Palacin-Lois

{"title":"Beyond close relationships: the positive effects of group relationships and group identification on health","authors":"Cristina Camilo, Maria Luísa Lima, Rita Moura, Fátima Quintal, Maria Palacin-Lois","doi":"10.3389/frsps.2024.1310755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1310755","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-known that social relationships positively impact health, but the direct and indirect ways these lead to better health outcomes remain understudied. Stemming from the concept of multiple levels of analysis, we address this problem by disentangling the links between different types of social relationships and health (including physical health, mental health, and well-being), and comparing the effects of multiple mediators based on two levels of analysis: interpersonal and group.We propose a model that uses loneliness and social support as proxies of personal ties (mediators between close relationships and health), and social integration and multiple identities as proxies of group ties (mediators between group relationships and health). Likewise, we also propose a moderating effect of group identification on the association between group ties and health. We collected 848 responses through a self-report online survey and used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis to assess the proposed model.Data yielded that close relationships are stronger predictors of better health outcomes than group relationships. Yet, more importantly, the results also provide strong evidence for the positive effects of the group-level variables. The effect of group relationships on health is significantly positive, and this association is stronger for those who identify more with their group.Our findings are closely aligned with the notion that increasing and improving people's social network is an effective way to contribute to better social determinants of health, while demonstrating that it is important to consider which type of relationship is being fostered.","PeriodicalId":503123,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Social Psychology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural variation in age perceptions and developmental transitions 年龄认知和发展过渡的文化差异

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2023.1283643

Michelle E. Vargas, Alejandro Carrillo, H. Giasson, W. Chopik

引用次数: 0

Grand challenge: social psychology without hubris 巨大挑战：不自大的社会心理学

Frontiers in Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3389/frsps.2023.1283272

John T. Jost

引用次数: 0