NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5020012

C. D. Guerrero-Méndez, C. F. Blanco-Díaz, H. Rivera-Flor, Pedro Henrique Fabriz-Ulhoa, Eduardo Antonio Fragoso-Dias, Rafhael Milanezi de Andrade, D. Delisle-Rodríguez, T. F. Bastos-Filho

{"title":"Influence of Temporal and Frequency Selective Patterns Combined with CSP Layers on Performance in Exoskeleton-Assisted Motor Imagery Tasks","authors":"C. D. Guerrero-Méndez, C. F. Blanco-Díaz, H. Rivera-Flor, Pedro Henrique Fabriz-Ulhoa, Eduardo Antonio Fragoso-Dias, Rafhael Milanezi de Andrade, D. Delisle-Rodríguez, T. F. Bastos-Filho","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5020012","url":null,"abstract":"Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) has been recognized as a standard and powerful method for the identification of Electroencephalography (EEG)-based Motor Imagery (MI) tasks when implementing brain–computer interface (BCI) systems towards the motor rehabilitation of lost movements. The combination of BCI systems with robotic systems, such as upper limb exoskeletons, has proven to be a reliable tool for neuromotor rehabilitation. Therefore, in this study, the effects of temporal and frequency segmentation combined with layer increase for spatial filtering were evaluated, using three variations of the CSP method for the identification of passive movement vs. MI+passive movement. The passive movements were generated using a left upper-limb exoskeleton to assist flexion/extension tasks at two speeds (high—85 rpm and low—30 rpm). Ten healthy subjects were evaluated in two recording sessions using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) as a classifier, and accuracy (ACC) and False Positive Rate (FPR) as metrics. The results allow concluding that the use of temporal, frequency or spatial selective information does not significantly (p< 0.05) improve task identification performance. Furthermore, dynamic temporal segmentation strategies may perform better than static segmentation tasks. The findings of this study are a starting point for the exploration of complex MI tasks and their application to neurorehabilitation, as well as the study of brain effects during exoskeleton-assisted MI tasks.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":" 409","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Myofascial Stretching on Mechanical Nociception and Contributing Neural Mechanisms 肌筋膜拉伸对机械痛觉的影响及相关神经机制

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5020011

Abigail W. Anderson, Arthur Soncini, Kaitlyn Lyons, William J. Hanney

{"title":"The Effect of Myofascial Stretching on Mechanical Nociception and Contributing Neural Mechanisms","authors":"Abigail W. Anderson, Arthur Soncini, Kaitlyn Lyons, William J. Hanney","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5020011","url":null,"abstract":"Myofascial stretching is often prescribed in the management of musculoskeletal pain. However, the neural mechanisms contributing to a decrease in pain are unknown. Stretching produces a sensation that may act as a conditioning stimulus in a conditioned pain modulation response. The purpose of this study was to compare immediate changes in pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) during a low-intensity stretch, moderate-intensity stretch, and cold water immersion task. A secondary purpose was to examine if personal pain sensitivity and psychological characteristics were associated with the responses to these interventions. Twenty-seven (27) healthy participants underwent a cross-over study design in which they completed a cold water immersion task, upper trapezius stretch to the onset of the stretch sensation, and a moderate-intensity stretch. A significant condition x time effect was observed (F (8,160) = 2.85, p < 0.01, partial eta2 = 0.13), indicating reductions in pain sensitivity were significantly greater during a cold water immersion task compared to moderate-intensity stretching at minutes two and four. Widespread increases in heat pain threshold and lower pain-related anxiety were moderately correlated with the response to the cold water immersion task but not stretching. Moderate-intensity stretching may not elicit a conditioned pain modulation response possibly because the stretch was not intense enough to be perceived as painful.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"2 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytotoxic Effect of Amyloid-β1-42 Oligomers on Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus Arrangement in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells 淀粉样蛋白-β1-42 寡聚体对 SH-SY5Y 神经母细胞瘤细胞内质网和高尔基体排列的细胞毒性作用

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5020010

José J. Jarero-Basulto, Yadira Gasca-Martínez, M. C. Rivera-Cervantes, Deisy Gasca-Martínez, Nidia Jannette Carrillo-González, Carlos Beas-Zárate, G. Gudiño-Cabrera

{"title":"Cytotoxic Effect of Amyloid-β1-42 Oligomers on Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus Arrangement in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells","authors":"José J. Jarero-Basulto, Yadira Gasca-Martínez, M. C. Rivera-Cervantes, Deisy Gasca-Martínez, Nidia Jannette Carrillo-González, Carlos Beas-Zárate, G. Gudiño-Cabrera","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5020010","url":null,"abstract":"Amyloid-β oligomers are a cytotoxic structure that is key for the establishment of the beginning stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These structures promote subcellular alterations that cause synaptic dysfunction, loss of cell communication, and even cell death, generating cognitive deficits. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of amyloid-β1-42 oligomers (AβOs) on the membranous organelles involved in protein processing: the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). The results obtained with 10 μM AβOs in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells showed that oligomeric structures are more toxic than monomers because they cause cell viability to decrease as exposure time increases. Survivor cells were analyzed to further understand the toxic effects of AβOs on intracellular organelles. Survivor cells showed morphological alterations associated with abnormal cytoskeleton modification 72–96 h after exposure to AβOs. Moreover, the ER and GA presented rearrangement throughout the cytoplasmic space, which could be attributed to a lack of constitutive protein processing or to previous abnormal cytoskeleton modification. Interestingly, the disorganization of both ER and GA organelles exposed to AβOs is likely an early pathological alteration that could be related to aberrant protein processing and accumulation in AD.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"92 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“I Wouldn’t Even Know What to Ask for”: Patients’ and Caregivers’ Experiences of Psychological Support for Huntington’s Disease in Italy "我甚至不知道该要求什么"：意大利亨廷顿氏病患者和照顾者对心理支持的体验

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5020007

Nicolò Zarotti, B. D’Alessio, Marta Scocchia, Melissa Casella, Ferdinando Squitieri

{"title":"“I Wouldn’t Even Know What to Ask for”: Patients’ and Caregivers’ Experiences of Psychological Support for Huntington’s Disease in Italy","authors":"Nicolò Zarotti, B. D’Alessio, Marta Scocchia, Melissa Casella, Ferdinando Squitieri","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5020007","url":null,"abstract":"People with Huntington’s disease (HD) often experience psychological difficulties linked with disease progression and the adjustment to living with a chronic condition, which are also frequently shared by their informal caregivers (e.g., partners). Although limited, the current literature on psychological care for people with HD shows that interventions have the potential to drive improvements in mental health and quality of life. However, the experience of accessing and receiving psychological support for HD remains unclear across several countries. This study adopted a qualitative design to explore the experiences of psychological support for HD from the perspectives of patients and caregivers living in Italy. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 14 participants—7 patients with early-manifest HD and 7 partners acting as their caregivers. The resulting data were analysed through thematic analysis. Four overarching themes were identified: (1) the availability of psychological support for HD, (2) barriers to accessing psychological support, (3) enablers to accessing psychological support, and (4) the future development of public psychological provision for HD. In Italy, patients and caregivers perceive public psychological support for HD as unavailable or inadequate, and private therapy is often seen as unaffordable. Barriers such as distrust in public healthcare and preconceptions about therapy may limit access, while advice from HD organisations and seeking therapy for other reasons may act as enablers. A strong emphasis is put on the need for accessible public psychological support throughout all the stages of the condition.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Spinal Cord Changes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using MRI 利用核磁共振成像探索多发性硬化症患者的脊髓变化

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5010006

Amani A. Alrehaili, Nahla L Faizo, Batool M. Alsulimani, Raghad K. Alsulimani, Dana A. Aldwaila, Nada J. Alqarni, Nisreen Lutfi Faizo

{"title":"Exploring Spinal Cord Changes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using MRI","authors":"Amani A. Alrehaili, Nahla L Faizo, Batool M. Alsulimani, Raghad K. Alsulimani, Dana A. Aldwaila, Nada J. Alqarni, Nisreen Lutfi Faizo","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5010006","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis of MS is based on clinical signs and symptoms as well as findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences by demonstrating the spatial and temporal dispersion of white matter lesions, which are thought to be typical of MS in distribution, shape, extent, and signal abnormalities. Spinal cord MRI can identify asymptomatic lesions and rule out malignancies or spinal stenosis in patients for whom brain imaging is not helpful in making an MS diagnosis. This study examines the MRI features of Saudi Arabian patients clinically proven to have MS with typical lesions exclusively evident in the spinal cord. This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 151 patients who are confirmed cases of MS based on clinical findings and MRI results. Patients’ MRI data were reviewed from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The study revealed that MS incidence was higher in females than males and that the number of people diagnosed with MS increased in middle age. Cervical cord plaques and cervical cord curve straightening were the most frequent changes (67% and 56%, respectively), indicating that MRI can complement and even replace clinical data in MS diagnosis, leading to earlier, more precise diagnoses and speedier starts to treatment.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel ML-Based Algorithm for Detecting Seizures from Single-Channel EEG 从单信道脑电图检测癫痫发作的基于 ML 的新算法

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5010004

Yazan M. Dweiri, Taqwa K. Al-Omary

引用次数: 0

Moving towards an Understanding of the Role of the Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus in Language Processing 逐步了解下额枕筋膜在语言处理中的作用

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5010003

Princess Eze, Efrem Omorotionmwan, Jacqueline Cummine

{"title":"Moving towards an Understanding of the Role of the Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus in Language Processing","authors":"Princess Eze, Efrem Omorotionmwan, Jacqueline Cummine","doi":"10.3390/neurosci5010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5010003","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence has been provided for a clear structural distinction between the dorsal and ventral portions of the inferior frontal occipital fasciculus (IFOF). As such, there is reason to propose that there might also be a functional differentiation of the dorsal and ventral components of the IFOF. Here, we explored three main hypotheses/schools of thought with regards to the functional frameworks of the dorsal and ventral components of the IFOF: (1) the phonological vs. semantic processing hypothesis, (2) the difficult vs. non-difficult task processing hypothesis and (3) the automatic vs. non-automatic processing hypothesis. Methods: Participants (N = 32) completed a series of behavioral tasks that aligned with each of the main hypotheses. Using a regression-based approach, we assessed the unique contribution of behavioral performance to dorsal and ventral IFOF white matter indicators (i.e., fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity). Results: We found significant relationships between ventral IFOF indices and orthographic awareness (p = 0.018) and accuracy (p = 0.009). Overall, our results provide converging evidence that the IFOF primarily operates as a ventral language tract in adults. Thus, the structural distinction between dorsal and ventral IFOF does not manifest as a parallel functional distinction.","PeriodicalId":503052,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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