{"title":"Building Integrated Photovoltaic Module-Based on Aluminum Substrate With Forced Water Cooling.","authors":"Wei Pang, Yongzhe Zhang, Yanan Cui, Hongwen Yu, Yu Liu, Hui Yan","doi":"10.1115/1.4038787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4038787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increase of operating temperature on a photovoltaic (PV) cell degrades its electrical efficiency. This paper is organized to describe our latest design of an aluminum substrate-based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system. The electrical efficiency of the proposed PV/T can be increased by ∼ 20% in comparison with a conventional glass substrate-based PV. The work will benefit hybrid utilization of solar energy in development of building integrated photovoltaic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":502733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","volume":"140 2","pages":"0210051-210055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4038787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36173861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Using Solar Thermal Power for the Margarine Melting Heat Process.","authors":"Mohamed A Sharaf Eldean, A M Soliman","doi":"10.1115/1.4028367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heating process of melting margarine requires a vast amount of thermal energy due to its high melting point and the size of the reservoir it is contained in. Existing methods to heat margarine have a high hourly cost of production and use fossil fuels which have been shown to have a negative impact on the environment. Thus, we perform an analytical feasibility study of using solar thermal power as an alternative energy source for the margarine melting process. In this study, the efficiency and cost effectiveness of a parabolic trough collector (PTC) solar field are compared with that of a steam boiler. Different working fluids (water vapor and Therminol-VP1 heat transfer oil (HTO)) through the solar field are also investigated. The results reveal the total hourly cost ($/h) by the conventional configuration is much greater than the solar applications regardless of the type of working fluid. Moreover, the conventional configuration causes a negative impact to the environment by increasing the amount of CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and NO<sub>2</sub> by 117.4 kg/day, 184 kg/day, and 74.7 kg/day, respectively. Optimized period of melt and tank volume parameters at temperature differences not exceeding 25 °C are found to be 8-10 h and 100 m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The solar PTC operated with water and steam as the working fluid is recommended as a vital alternative for the margarine melting heating process.</p>","PeriodicalId":502733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","volume":"137 2","pages":"0210041-2100413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32774748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Microstructure, Thickness Variation, and Crack on the Natural Frequency of Solar Silicon Wafers.","authors":"S Saffar, S Gouttebroze, Z L Zhang","doi":"10.1115/1.4024248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4024248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vibration is one of the most common loading modes during handling and transport of solar silicon wafers and has a great influence on the breakage rate. In order to control the breakage rate during handling and facilitate the optimization of the processing steps, it is important to understand the factors which influence the natural frequency of thin silicon wafers. In this study, we applied nonlinear finite element method to investigate the correlation of natural frequency of thin solar silicon wafer with material microstructures (grain size and grain orientation), thickness variation and crack geometry (position and size). It has been found that the natural frequency for anisotropic single crystal silicon wafer is a strong function of material orientation. Less than 10% thickness variation will have a negligible effect on natural frequency. It is also found out that cracks smaller than 20 mm have no dominant effect on the first five natural frequency modes anywhere in the silicon wafer.</p>","PeriodicalId":502733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","volume":"136 1","pages":"0110011-110018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4024248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32394468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}