Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution最新文献_第4页

Does nocturnal activity prolong gecko longevity? 夜间活动能延长壁虎的寿命吗？

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191074

Gavin Stark, Rachel Schwarz, Shai Meiri

{"title":"Does nocturnal activity prolong gecko longevity?","authors":"Gavin Stark, Rachel Schwarz, Shai Meiri","doi":"10.1163/22244662-20191074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20191074","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of lizard clades are ancestrally and predominantly diurnal.\u0000The only major taxon in which most species are nocturnal is the Gekkota (geckos\u0000and pygopodids). As ectothermic thermoregulators, lizard metabolic rates are\u0000highly temperature dependent, and diurnal lizards therefore demonstrate higher metabolic\u0000rates than nocturnal ones. Furthermore, exposure to solar radiation is thought\u0000to reduce ectothermic longevity by increasing both metabolic costs and the rate of\u0000accumulating harmful mutations through UV radiation (UVC specifically). In being nocturnal, ectothermic species may reduce their intrinsic mortality rates and thus\u0000live longer. To test this hypothesis, we collected literature data on the maximum longevities of 740 lizard\u0000species, of which 185 are geckos. We examined whether geckos live longer than\u0000other lizards, and whether activity time affects gecko longevity. While geckos\u0000live relatively long for lizards of their size, their activity time was found to be unrelated to\u0000longevity, contradicting our predictions. We suggest that diurnal\u0000species may have evolved higher resistance to UV radiation via thicker, more\u0000keratinized skin. Elevated metabolic rates do not automatically equate with\u0000faster aging. Mortality through extrinsic causes (e.g., predation) may impose\u0000much stronger selective pressures than intrinsic causes.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"-1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-20191074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42333303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Mountain endemism in Malesian geckos: can biotic interactions push lizards up hills? 马来壁虎的山地特有性：生物相互作用会把蜥蜴推向山丘吗？

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191089

P. Oliver, Rafe M. Brown, Benjamin R. Karin, L. Grismer

{"title":"Mountain endemism in Malesian geckos: can biotic interactions push lizards up hills?","authors":"P. Oliver, Rafe M. Brown, Benjamin R. Karin, L. Grismer","doi":"10.1163/22244662-20191089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20191089","url":null,"abstract":"Historical and contemporary processes shaping striking variation in terrestrial biodiversity along elevational gradients have received much attention from evolutionary biologists, often by way of comparisons to latitudinal environmental gradients. Here we synthetically review what is known of the diversity and origin of upland endemic geckos across the Malesian region (south-east Asia and Melanesia). Approximately 20% of the regional gecko fauna is endemic to mountains, but only around 8% have distributions centred on what we consider true montane habitats over 1000 metres above sea level. A majority of upland lineages lack close relatives in surrounding lowlands (although there are many exceptions) and some are highly phylogenetically divergent (e.g., estimated divergence from all other gecko taxa dating to the mid-Miocene or earlier). In several cases upland radiations are allied to other taxa centred on small islands or in disturbed lowland habitats, but absent or exceptionally rare in most lowland rainforest areas. A number of other upland lineages may have originated on smaller islands that are now merged into larger landmasses such as Sumatra and New Guinea. Based on often deep phylogenetic divergences, low community diversity and disjunct distributions across uplands and islands, we suggest that at least some upland lineages are more limited by biotic interactions than they are by climate. As global climates continue to warm in coming decades, such taxa may be particularly affected by upslope shifts of competitors and predators from lower elevations.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45569019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Integrative taxonomic and geographic variation analyses in Cyrtodactylus aequalis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from southern Myanmar (Burma): one species, two different stories 缅甸南部平爪蟹综合分类学和地理变异分析:一种，两种不同故事

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2020-01-22 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191082

L. Lee Grismer, L. Perry, Marta S. Grismer, E. Quah, Myint Kyaw Thura, Jamie R. Oaks, Aung Lin, Diana Y. Lim

{"title":"Integrative taxonomic and geographic variation analyses in Cyrtodactylus aequalis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from southern Myanmar (Burma): one species, two different stories","authors":"L. Lee Grismer, L. Perry, Marta S. Grismer, E. Quah, Myint Kyaw Thura, Jamie R. Oaks, Aung Lin, Diana Y. Lim","doi":"10.1163/22244662-20191082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20191082","url":null,"abstract":"The historical accuracy of building taxonomies is improved when they are based on phylogenetic inference (i.e., the resultant classifications are less apt to misrepresent evolutionary history). In fact, taxonomies inferred from statistically significant diagnostic morphological characters in the absence of phylogenetic considerations, can contain non-monophyletic lineages. This is especially true at the species level where small amounts of gene flow may not preclude the evolution of localized adaptions in different geographic areas while underpinning the paraphyletic nature of each population with respect to the other. We illustrate this point by examining genetic and morphological variation among three putatively allopatric populations of the granite-dwelling Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus aequalis from hilly regions in southeastern Myanmar. In the absence of molecular phylogenetic inference, a compelling argument for three morphologically diagnosable species could be marshaled. However, when basing the morphological analyses of geographic variation on a molecular phylogeny, there is a more compelling argument that only one species should be recognized. We are cognizant of the fact however, that when dealing with rare species or specimens for which no molecular data are possible, judicious morphological analyses are the only option—and the desired option given the current worldwide biodiversity crisis.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"-1 1","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-20191082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48955664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Plasticity in extended phenotypes: how the antlion Myrmeleon crudelis adjusts the pit traps depending on biotic and abiotic conditions 扩展表型的可塑性:粗足蚁如何根据生物和非生物条件调整陷阱

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191055

A. Farji-Brener, S. Amador‐Vargas

引用次数: 10

Introduction to the special issue on the ecology, evolution, and behavior of sit-and-wait predators 介绍关于坐等捕食者的生态学、进化和行为的特刊

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191072

I. Scharf

引用次数: 0

Foraging modes of carnivorous plants 食肉植物的觅食方式

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191066

A. Ellison

{"title":"Foraging modes of carnivorous plants","authors":"A. Ellison","doi":"10.1163/22244662-20191066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20191066","url":null,"abstract":"Carnivorous plants are pure sit-and-wait predators: they remain rooted to a single location and depend on the abundance and movement of their prey to obtain nutrients required for growth and reproduction. Yet carnivorous plants exhibit phenotypically plastic responses to prey availability that parallel those of non-carnivorous plants to changes in light levels or soil-nutrient concentrations. The latter have been considered to be foraging behaviors, but the former have not. Here, I review aspects of foraging theory that can be profitably applied to carnivorous plants considered as sit-and-wait predators. A discussion of different strategies by which carnivorous plants attract, capture, kill, and digest prey, and subsequently acquire nutrients from them suggests that optimal foraging theory can be applied to carnivorous plants as easily as it has been applied to animals. Carnivorous plants can vary their production, placement, and types of traps; switch between capturing nutrients from leaf-derived traps and roots; temporarily activate traps in response to external cues; or cease trap production altogether. Future research on foraging strategies by carnivorous plants will yield new insights into the physiology and ecology of what Darwin called “the most wonderful plants in the world”. At the same time, inclusion of carnivorous plants into models of animal foraging behavior could lead to the development of a more general and taxonomically inclusive foraging theory.","PeriodicalId":50267,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution","volume":"66 1","pages":"101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22244662-20191066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43438251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Sit-and-wait prey: first field observations of scorpions preying on antlions (Neuroptera) 坐等猎物：首次实地观察蝎子捕食蚂蚁（神经翅目）

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-11-13 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191057

Nitzan Segev, E. Gavish‐Regev, O. Berger‐Tal

引用次数: 8

Using animal tracks to decipher the foraging mode of species capable of altering between the sit-and-wait and widely foraging modes: a case study of the sand viper Cerastes vipera 利用动物足迹来解读能够在坐等和广泛觅食模式之间转换的物种的觅食模式:以沙蝰Cerastes vipera为例

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191061

A. Subach

引用次数: 5

Biomechanical costs and benefits of sit-and-wait foraging traps 坐等觅食陷阱的生物力学成本和效益

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191056

S. Blamires

引用次数: 17

A certain note on the wrestling behavior of Haemadipsa picta leeches 关于水蛭摔跤行为的一些注释

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191059

M. Peryga, K. Miler

引用次数: 1