Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy最新文献

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Resolving a paradox: antidepressants, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration 解决悖论：抗抑郁药、神经炎症和神经退行性变

Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.37349/ent.2024.00068

R. Rajkumar

{"title":"Resolving a paradox: antidepressants, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration","authors":"R. Rajkumar","doi":"10.37349/ent.2024.00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2024.00068","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a known risk factor for dementia. Antidepressants are the most commonly used treatment for this condition, and are effective in at least half to two-thirds of cases. Extensive evidence from in vitro and animal models suggests that antidepressants have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. These effects have been shown to reduce the oxidative damage, amyloid aggregation, and expression of pro-inflammatory genes associated with animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. However, longitudinal research in humans has shown that antidepressants do not protect against dementia, and may even be associated with a risk of cognitive deterioration over time in older adults. The contrast between two sets of findings represents a paradox of significant clinical and public health significance, particularly when treating depression in late life. This review paper attempts to resolve this paradox by critically reviewing the medium- and long-term effects of antidepressants on peripheral immune-inflammatory responses, infection risk, gut microbiota, and neuroendocrine responses to stress, and how these effects may influence the risk of neurodegeneration. Briefly stated, it is possible that the peripheral actions of antidepressant medications may antagonize their beneficial effects against neuroinflammation. The implications of these findings are then explored with a particular focus on the development and testing of multimodal neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory treatments that could reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s and related dementias in patients suffering from depression.","PeriodicalId":502664,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic exercise in fibromyalgia syndrome: a narrative review 纤维肌痛综合征的治疗性运动：叙述性综述

Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.37349/ent.2024.00067

Carlos Forner-Álvarez, Carlos Zanón-Chanzá, F. Cuenca‐Martínez, N. Sempere-Rubio

{"title":"Therapeutic exercise in fibromyalgia syndrome: a narrative review","authors":"Carlos Forner-Álvarez, Carlos Zanón-Chanzá, F. Cuenca‐Martínez, N. Sempere-Rubio","doi":"10.37349/ent.2024.00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2024.00067","url":null,"abstract":"Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterised by the presence of distributed pain in different areas of the body accompanied by the alteration of some functions such as the activity of the neurovegetative system, the sleep quality, or the presence of fatigue. The present narrative review aims to evaluate some key studies regarding the effects of different therapeutic exercise (TE) modalities on clinical variables of interest in patients with FMS, as well as to discuss some of the possible mechanisms of action of TE in improving pain intensity in patients with FMS. All aerobic, strengthening, and body-mind exercises were shown to bring about changes in the improvement of clinical variables of interest in patients with FMS. In addition, with regard to the improvement of pain intensity, there are different arguments that could explain the hypoalgesic effect of TE (structured in physical, neurophysiological, and psychosocial mechanisms). In conclusion, TE is a clinical tool with great potential for patients with FMS as it may produce hypoalgesia through physical, neurophysiological, and psychosocial mechanisms. All these TE modalities have demonstrated in isolation a remarkable effectiveness in the overall improvement of patients with FMS. However, more research is needed in this field especially on the long-term effects and on the combination of the different training modalities.","PeriodicalId":502664,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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