Arctic: Ecology and Economy最新文献

{"title":"Environmental aspects of industrial development of oil and gas fields in the Arctic territories of the Komi Republic","authors":"Удк, Арктических Территорий, Республики Коми","doi":"10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-449-460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-449-460","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the ecological aspects of the development of oil and gas fields in the Arctic zone of the Komi Republic. The authors inform about the state of the resource base, the dynamics of oil production, drilling of wells, and the increase in reserves. Oil and gas production dominates in the region’s economy, while at the same time impacts negatively on the environment. Field development, geological exploration, drilling of exploration and production wells, laying of pipelines, transportation of oil and other types of work are inevitably accompanied by harmful emissions into the atmosphere, pollution of water bodies and the earth surface. There is a thermal, mechanical and chemical impact on the environment. The situation is getting worse due to the increase in the share of hard-to-recover dense and high-viscosity oil in recoverable oil reserves. The development of hard-to-recover oil deposits is carried out via technologies that cause additional environmental damage. A large amount of oil enters the environment not during its extraction, but due to accidents at oil pipelines, especially inter-field and intra-field ones. The Arctic regions are ecologically very vulnerable due to the spread of permafrost. The technogenic thermal impact activates various negative processes, such as subsidence, swelling, erosion, landslides, flooding, waterlogging. Among the most polluted Arctic regions where oil production is carried out, is the Usinsky region with a number of large oil fields being developed, and extensive network of oil pipelines laid. The authors suggest a number of measures to minimize the negative impact on the environment during the construction and operation of oil production facilities. They outline the need to comply with the equipment technological operating modes, carry out preventive measures, including control of the technical condition of the basic equipment, to analyze the transported products (physical and chemical properties of the working environment), as well as to implement measures for the protection of surface and ground waters. It is expedient to upgrade the pipeline infrastructure in a timely manner with the use of the latest achievements in the field of pipe surface protection, and the elimination of decommissioned boreholes.","PeriodicalId":502389,"journal":{"name":"Arctic: Ecology and Economy","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of geomagnetic activity impact on functioning of railway automatics in Russian Arctic","authors":"N. Yagova, I. N. Rozenberg, A.D. Gvishiani, Y. A. Sakharov, S.L. Garanin, V.A. Voronin, V.A. Pilipenko, I. A. Dubchak","doi":"10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-341-352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-341-352","url":null,"abstract":"The authors study the possible influence of geomagnetic activity of railway automatics in the Russian Arctic. For the analysis they use the indices of global and regional geomagnetic activity along with the archive of failures on the Northern section of the Oktyabrskaya railway in 2001—2006. The geomagnetic activity is found to be higher for days with failures than for days without the ones. This effect manifests itself in different types of geomagnetic disturbances, including magnetic storms, characterized by the storm index Dst, auroral activations, quantified in AE and EI indices, as well as in local index WY indicating spectral power of geomagnetic variations in milliHerz frequency range. The maximum differences for days with and without failures are obtained for index values averaged over 2—4 days. At the same time, the researchers have found no significant differences between failures for which a cause not related to geomagnetic disturbance is a priori indicated, and those for which such a cause is not identified.","PeriodicalId":502389,"journal":{"name":"Arctic: Ecology and Economy","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal changes in territorial social systems in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area","authors":"Y.V. Petrov","doi":"10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-382-393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2023-3-382-393","url":null,"abstract":"The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area is an Arctic resource-producing region, where oil and gas resources have been extracted for a long time. The study purpose is a spatial assessment of changes in territorial social systems on the basis of population census materials. With this aim, the author has completed sequentially 4 tasks: 1) assessment of the current network of the of settlement organization; 2) study of the historical parameters of the environmental management in the pre-oil-gas period; 3) identification of priority diversifying areas in the historical context; 4) determination of mechanisms for planning balanced long-term development. The data sources are the materials of the state population censuses of 1926, 1989, 2002, 2010 and 2021. Research methods: mathematical, geoinformation, historical. While solving the first task, the author has applied the Zipf rule to estimate the ratio of the urban population in the Autonomous Area in 1989, 2002, 2010, 2021. For the tasks 2-4, he has carried out a comparative spatial assessment of the development of economic subdistricts in 1926. Due to the Arctic conditions, the implementation of full-fledged socio-economic development of each of the directions requires the participation of state regional structures, including at the administration level for the safe traditional environmental management. Regulatory state management, first of all, is necessary in the field of reindeer herding and fishing. Mechanisms are proposed for the formation of certain types of environmental management as diversifying the economy of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area.","PeriodicalId":502389,"journal":{"name":"Arctic: Ecology and Economy","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polemical article on the study results “An approach to the analysis of hydrometeorological conditions that determine the delay in response to marine oil spills in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation”","authors":"V.K. Donchenko, A.V. Gusev, A.A. Ivanchin, M.N. Mansurov, S. Zatsepa, A. Ivchenko, А.Y. Knizhnikov, V. Solbakov, Y.Y. Blinovskaya","doi":"10.25283/2223-4594-2023-pw1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2023-pw1","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a critical analysis of the methodological approach proposed in the article: “Approach to the analysis of hydrometeorological conditions that determine the delay in the response to marine oil spills in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation” (published in the 3rd Issue of the Journal). The approach predicts likely delays in implementing technical operations to eliminate oil spills, depending on hydrometeorological and geographical conditions in the area of emergency in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation on example of marine areas along the Northern Sea Route.","PeriodicalId":502389,"journal":{"name":"Arctic: Ecology and Economy","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}