Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"The Skyline of Paleopedology","authors":"A.O. Makeev, A. V. Rusakov","doi":"10.3103/s014768742304004x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s014768742304004x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Paleopedology is a booming scientific discipline that studies the soils of the past geological epochs in order to assess the paleoenvironmental evolution. The scope of paleosol studies embraces not only soils themselves, but also the products of their involvement in biogeosphere cycles. This ensures the planetary role of pedogenesis, which includes the transformation of the upper layers of the lithosphere leading to the increase in fine earth, formation of new minerals, and residual or accumulative concentration of elements. In the geological history of the Earth, pedogenesis is realized within the framework of exogenesis, which includes weathering, soil formation, sedimentation, diagenesis, and geochemical migration. The pedolithosphere records the critical points in the landscape evolution of the Earth from the very onset of the geological record, including the oxygenation of the atmosphere, the emergence of the higher plants and herbaceous biomes, the dynamics of Interglacial–Glacial cycles, etc. Paleosols are the base for paleogeographic reconstructions and predictive models of the future climate change. Paleopedology expands the horizons of soil science within the system of biogeosphere sciences and determines the development of new scientific disciplines—bacterial paleontology, paleogeochemistry, biogeomorphology, astropedology, geoarchaeology, ecological paleopedology, soil paleocryogenesis and cryobiosphere studies. The historical dimension granted by paleopedology makes pedology a mature historical science.</p>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138633241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioecology: Past, Present, Future","authors":"A. I. Shcheglov, O. B. Tsvetnova, G. I. Agapkina, D. N. Lipatov, D. V. Manakhov, S. V. Mamikhin, T. A. Paramonova, V. V. Stolbova, E. V. Tsvetnov","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423040051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423040051","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article deals with issues related to the development of radioecology as an independent scientific discipline. The achievements of past years and the studies that are currently being carried out, as well as promising areas of development in this area are analyzed. A corrected periodization of the stages of development of radioecology is proposed, taking into account the experience accumulated to date in the field of this discipline. At the initial stage (1895–1929), empirical material was collected; at the first stage (1930–1960), the theoretical foundation was laid and radioecology was formed as an independent discipline; at the second stage (1961–1990), intensive development of radioecology was noted; and, at the third stage (1991–2010), there was progressive development of radioecology; the fourth—modern—stage of the development of radioecology is in the beginning of the 21st century (2011–present). For each stage, the main scientific achievements and evolution of ideas in the field of radioecology are considered. It is postulated that, at present, the development of this discipline is associated with the further improvement of world nuclear technologies, the elimination of the consequences of a number of radiation incidents (the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in 2011), the revision of the concept of radiation protection of the environment and a number of other provisions. Particular attention is paid to forest radioecology, one of the most important main areas of this science.</p>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138633242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience in Creating an Information System for Rational Use of Soil Resources","authors":"S. Shoba, I. Alyabina, O. Golozubov, P. A. Chekmaryov, S. V. Lukin, O. V. Chernova, V. Kolesnikova","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423040063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423040063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"286 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achievements and Prospects for Advancement of Soil Microbiology at Moscow State University","authors":"A. L. Stepanov, N. A. Manucharova, D. A. Nikitin, M. V. Semenov","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423040087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423040087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"17 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Long-Term Use of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on the Agrochemical Properties of Soddy–Podzolic Soil and the Productivity of Perennial Grasses in Forage Culture in the European North","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423060029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423060029","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>In a long-term stationary field experiment on soddy–podzolic soil, the effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers and their effect on soil properties, yield, and quality of perennial grasses in feed six-field crop rotation was established. It was determined that the combined use of fertilizers most effectively affected the increase in soil fertility and the productivity of the clover-timothy mixture. The content of humus increased by 0.4–0.6%, mobile phosphorus by 70–150 mg/kg, metabolic and hydrolytic acidity decreased. The complex application of fertilizers, especially in high doses, most significantly increased the yield and quality of perennial grasses.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139763461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of NIRS in Soil Properties Evaluation Related to Soil Salinity and Sodicity in Colombian Caribbean Coast","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423050046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423050046","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The banana sector contributes to 3% of the Colombia total exports, becoming the most important crop in the north of the country, benefiting more than 2.5 million families. Banana production is concentrated on the Colombian Caribbean coast where most of 90% of the soils are affected to some degree of salt affection in soils. This study was carried out in the municipality of Zona Bananera, Department of Magdalena (Colombia) elsewhere eleven geomorphological units were delimited through geomorphological surveying with geopedological methods. Given the high costs of implementing salt monitoring and management programs in the field, the implementation of Near Infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and image analysis are proposed as an alternative for mapping soils salt affectation. Geostatistical methods, traditional soil laboratory methods and multispectral analysis of 697 soil samples were analyzing using machine learning and spectral models. The Orthogonal Partial Linear Square- Discriminant Analyses (OPLS-DA), Principal Component Regression (PCR), Partial Linear Square (PLS–PLSR), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) were implemented. Soil cartographies for SAS were designed in areas under banana cultivation, determining the affectation degree. The results obtained showed that 45.1% of the soils are affected by salts, with R² 0.76 and RMS 0.15 for the applied of supervised models. OPLS-DA had a better performance being the high above sea level was the principal covariable to improve the model accuracy. LASSO and PLS were useful to Mg⁺² and K⁺ with RMSE 0.92 and 0.34 and R² of 0.37 and 0.44, while Saitsky&amp;Golay filter improved the predictions model for pH and Ca⁺². The use of combined techniques of geopedology, geostatistics and spectroscopy were efficient, practical and cheap methodologies for evaluate soil properties associate to SAS in the stablished banana crops.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139580073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sola Incognita: Unsolved Problems of Genetic Soil Science","authors":"P. V. Krasilnikov","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423040026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423040026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"478 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konstantin Gedroiz (1872–1932)—the Initial Studies of Soil Colloid Chemistry and Soil Salinity","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423050058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423050058","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>We present a review of the life and scientific legacy of the founder of soil colloid chemistry Konstantin Gedroiz. The phenomenon of absorption was first studied in the mid-1800s, and Gedroiz started working on base exchange and absorption in soils in 1906. Based on the general pattern of cation exchange reactions, he proposed the concept of “absorption capacity” and “soil absorption complex”, developed ideas about exchange acidity and the rate of exchange reactions, revealed the unique role of absorbed sodium and potassium in soil processes, and proposed the theory of the accumulation of sodium due to exchange reactions. He was one of the first to classify soil on the basis of the absorbing complexes and cations, which was a new approach in pedology. He used the climate classification of soils, and described Podzols, Laterites, and Chernozems in terms of their absorbing complexes and cations. The system of classification worked for mature soils in which pedogenic processes had proceeded to such an extent that the profile characteristics reflected a climatic region, but was less effective in alluvial soils and eroded soils. His studies established the connections between chemical and physical processes and the morphology of soils. He studied the evolution of saline soils from a chemical point of view, which led to the practical recommendations for chemical reclamation of Solonetz and liming of acidic soils. Gedroiz’s work was groundbreaking but insufficiently known outside Russia until his books have been translated into English and German in the late 1920s. The soil microbiologist Selman Waksman in the 1925 translated 11 of his papers into English, and the United State Department of Agriculture distributed copies of these translations. In 1927 a textbook on chemical analysis, “Die chemische Bodenanalyse”, was published; in 1930 the books “Der adsorbierende Bodenkomplex und die adsorbierten Bodenkationen als Grundlage der genetischen Bodenklassification” and “On the Problem of exchangeable Hydrogen and exchangeable Aluminium in acid soils”, a 1931 – “Die Lehre vom Adsorptionsvermögen der Böden”.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139580133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic Matter of the Water-stable Structural Unites of Haplic Chernozem in Contrasting Variants of Land Use (Steppe vs. bare Fallow)","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s0147687423060017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0147687423060017","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The organic matter of water-stable macro- (2–1 mm) and free microaggregates (&lt;0.25 mm) isolated from the 2–1 mm air-dry macroaggregates of Haplic Chernozem in the contrasting land use variants was studied by granulo-desitometric fractionation. It was revealed that water-stable free microaggregates are only parts of disintegrated macroaggregates. The composition of microaggregates unstable under the sonication (mWSA) within structural units of different sizes (macro- (WSA_ma) and microaggregates (WSA_mi)) has been studied in detail. The composition of mWSA within WSA of different size is completely identical; they differ only in size, quantity, and packing density. Within WSA_mi, the size and quantity of mWSA are by 1.7- and 1130-fold smaller than those within WSA_ma. The packing density of mWSA_ma is 1.5-fold less than that of mWSA_mi.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139763007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: A Comparative Characterization of the Soils and Plant Cover of Tombolos on the Coasts of the White and Baltic Seas","authors":"I. Bagdasarov, M. Tseits, Yu.A. Kryukova, K. Taskina, M. V. Konyushkova","doi":"10.3103/S0147687423330013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687423330013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501690,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin","volume":"72 1","pages":"318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}