The Biological Bulletin最新文献_第2页

Impacts of Increasing Temperature on the Metabolism of Confined and Freely Moving American Lobsters (Homarus americanus) 温度升高对封闭和自由移动的美洲龙虾（Homarus americanus）新陈代谢的影响

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1086/730687

Winsor H. Watson, Benjamin C. Gutzler, Jason S. Goldstein, Steven H. Jury

{"title":"Impacts of Increasing Temperature on the Metabolism of Confined and Freely Moving American Lobsters (Homarus americanus)","authors":"Winsor H. Watson, Benjamin C. Gutzler, Jason S. Goldstein, Steven H. Jury","doi":"10.1086/730687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/730687","url":null,"abstract":"Gulf of Maine waters are warming rapidly, prompting a reevaluation of how commercially important marine species will respond. The goal of this study was to determine the respiratory, cardiac, and locomotory responses of American lobsters (Homarus americanus) to increasing water temperatures and to compare these to similar published studies. First, we measured the heart rate and ventilation rate of 10 lobsters that were confined in a temperature-controlled chamber while exposing them to gradually warming temperatures from 16 to 30 °C over 7 h. Both heart rate and ventilation rate increased along with the temperature up to a break point, with the mean heart rate peaking at 26.5 ± 1.6 °C, while the ventilation rate peaked at 27.4 ± 0.8 °C. In a subset of these trials (n = 5), oxygen consumption was also monitored and peaked at similar temperatures. In a second experiment, both the heart rate and activity of five lobsters were monitored with custom-built dataloggers while they moved freely in a large tank, while the temperature was increased from 18 to 29 °C over 24 h. The heart rate of these lobsters also increased with temperature, but their initial heart rates were lower than we recorded from confined lobsters. Finally, we confirmed that the low heart rates of the freely moving lobsters were due to the methods used by comparing heart rate data from eight lobsters collected using both methods with each individual animal. Thus, while our overall results are consistent with data from previous studies, they also show that the methods used in studies of physiological and behavioral responses to warming temperatures can impact the results obtained.","PeriodicalId":501469,"journal":{"name":"The Biological Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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BK Channels Function in Nematocyst Discharge from Vibration-Sensitive Cnidocyte Supporting Cell Complexes of the Sea Anemone Diadumene lineata BK 通道在海葵 Diadumene lineata 的振动敏感栉水母支持细胞复合体的内囊放电中发挥作用

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1086/730702

Aidan Lu, Matthew Kimble, Stephen Justinen, Daniel P. Morris, Charles Wang, Daniel E. Martinez, David A. Hessinger

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Cymric, a Maternal and Zygotic HTK-16-Like SHARK Family Tyrosine Kinase Gene, Is Disrupted in Molgula occulta, a Tailless Ascidian 无尾秋刀鱼（Molgula occulta）母系和子系 HTK-16-Like SHARK 家族酪氨酸激酶基因 Cymric 发生断裂

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1086/730536

K. Makabe, Hannah I. Jensen, Alexander C. A. Fodor, Jennifer Hsu, William R. Jeffery, Noriyuki Satoh, B. Swalla

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A Developmental Ontology for the Colonial Architecture of Salps 萨尔普斯殖民地建筑的发展本体论

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1086/730459

Alejandro Damian-Serrano, Kelly R. Sutherland

{"title":"A Developmental Ontology for the Colonial Architecture of Salps","authors":"Alejandro Damian-Serrano, Kelly R. Sutherland","doi":"10.1086/730459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/730459","url":null,"abstract":"Colonial animals are composed of clonal individuals that remain physically connected and physiologically integrated. Salps are tunicates with a dual life cycle, including an asexual solitary stage that buds sexual colonies composed of jet-propelling zooids that efficiently swim together as a single unit by multijet propulsion. Colonies from different species develop distinct architectures characterized by their zooid arrangement patterns, but this diversity has received little attention. Thus, these architectures have never been formally defined using a framework of variables and axes that would allow comparative analyses. We set out to define an ontology of the salp colony architecture morphospace and describe the developmental pathways that build the different architectures. To inform these definitions, we collected and photographed live specimens of adult and developing colonies through offshore scuba diving. Since all salp colonies begin their development as a transversal double chain, we characterized each adult colonial architecture as a series of developmental transitions, such as rotations and translations of zooids, relative to their orientation at this early shared stage. We hypothesize that all adult architectures are either final or intermediate stages within three developmental pathways toward bipinnate, cluster, or helical forms. This framework will enable comparative studies on the biomechanical implications, ecological functions, evolutionary history, and engineering applications of the diversity of salp colony architectures.","PeriodicalId":501469,"journal":{"name":"The Biological Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Planktonic Duration of the Bryozoan Cyphonautes Larva and Limits on Growth Rate Imposed by Its Form-Limited Maximum Clearance Rate 浮游动物栉水母幼虫的浮游持续时间及其受形式限制的最大清除率对生长速度的限制

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1086/729563

Richard R. Strathmann

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Resting Membrane Potential Modulates Chemoreceptor Sensitivity in Nematocyst Discharge of the Sea Anemone Exaiptasia diaphena 静息膜电位调节海葵内囊放电中化学感受器的灵敏度

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1086/729603

Glyne U. Thorington, David A. Hessinger

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Eyes, Vision, and Bioluminescence in Deep-Sea Brisingid Sea Stars 深海海星的眼睛、视觉和生物荧光

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1086/729983

Anders Garm, Oliver Hamilton, Henrik Glenner, Alison Ruth Irwin, Christopher Mah

{"title":"Eyes, Vision, and Bioluminescence in Deep-Sea Brisingid Sea Stars","authors":"Anders Garm, Oliver Hamilton, Henrik Glenner, Alison Ruth Irwin, Christopher Mah","doi":"10.1086/729983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729983","url":null,"abstract":"Sea stars are a major component of the megabenthos in most marine habitats, including those within the deep sea. Being radially symmetric, sea stars have sensory structures that are evenly distributed along the arms, with a compound eye located on each arm tip of most examined species. Surprisingly, eyes with a spatial resolution that rivals the highest acuity known among sea stars so far were recently found in Novodinia americana, a member of the deep-sea sea star order Brisingida. Here, we examined 21 species across 11 brisingid genera for the presence of eyes; where eyes were present, we used morphological characteristics to evaluate spatial resolution and sensitivity. This study found that eyes were present within 43% of the examined species. These brisingid eyes were relatively large compared to those of other deep-sea sea stars, with a high number of densely packed ommatidia. One of the examined species, Brisingaster robillardi, had more than 600 ommatidia per eye, which is the highest number of ommatidia found in any sea star eye so far. Combined, the results indicate that brisingid eyes are adapted for spatial resolution over sensitivity. Together with results showing that many brisingids are bioluminescent, this relatively high spatial resolution suggests that the group may use their eyes to support visually guided intraspecific communication based on bioluminescent signals. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the common ancestor of brisingids had eyes (P = 0.72) and that eyes were lost once within the clade.","PeriodicalId":501469,"journal":{"name":"The Biological Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140314768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Front Matter 前言

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1086/730370

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About the Cover 关于封面

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1086/730369

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Index to Volume 244, June 2023 第 244 卷索引，2023 年 6 月

The Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1086/730143

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