Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"The utility of ChatGPT in gender-affirming mastectomy education","authors":"Isabel Snee ,&nbsp;Christian X. Lava ,&nbsp;Karen R. Li ,&nbsp;Gabriel Del Corral","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The integration of AI such as ChatGPT in medicine has been showing promise in enhancing patient education. Gender-affirming mastectomy (GAM) is a surgical procedure designed to help individuals transition to their self-identified gender, playing a crucial role in mitigating psychological distress for many transmasculine and non-binary (TNB) patients. With increased demand and attention towards GAM, plastic and reconstructive surgeons may rely on AI-driven chatbots as an accessible, accurate, and patient-driven model for relevant details on this procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Specific Aim(s)</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the quality and readability of information provided by ChatGPT in response to frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to GAM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Inspired by online forums and physician websites, 10 frequently asked questions (FAQs) about pre- and postoperative topics were submitted to ChatGPT and assessed using validated readability score measures and expert interpretation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average readability score was 16.0 ± 1, indicating a college or graduate reading level. Mean accuracy, comprehensiveness, and danger scores were 8.8 ± 0.5, 7.8 ± 0.7, and 2.2 ± 0.4, respectively. Although physicians appreciated ChatGPT's tone, patient autonomy, and advice to seek professional medical and mental help, they also cited instance of generic information, misinformation, support of debated techniques, and pathologization of gender dysphoria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Even with its promise in providing accurate and comprehensive information on GAM, ChatGPT’s current limitations suggest caution as a supplementary tool to physician consultation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharyngostoma reconstruction after laryngectomy and radiotherapy: A retrospective study and literature review","authors":"Aikaterini Bini ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Katsaros ,&nbsp;Spyridon Stavrianos","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The occurrence of pharyngocutaneous fistula or pharyngostoma after oncologic head and neck surgery is a serious complication. It is the most common complication after major hypopharyngeal and laryngeal ablative surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to review the surgical approach and evaluate the results regarding reconstruction methods of pharyngostoma, caused after laryngectomy and radiotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The total number of patients is 15. Pharyngostoma caused swallowing difficulties, as well as frequent aspiration pneumonia. The intervention interval from laryngectomy to pharyngeal reconstruction varied between one and three years, depending on the severity of symptoms and after the complete failure of conservative rehabilitation methods. Pharyngostoma reconstruction was performed mainly with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in 11 cases. The radial forearm free flap and the anterolateral thigh free flap were also used in the remaining four cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The post-operative course was uncomplicated, and in most cases, the feeding with soft food started after a barium meal between 15 and 20 days post-operatively. Complications include wound dehiscence and leak treated conservatively and one case of carotid rupture.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The gold standard for pharyngostoma reconstruction, after laryngectomy and cervical radiotherapy, remains the use of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. In cases of extensive neck radionecrosis, free flaps are preferable. Reliable and stable cover of the large vessels of the neck, along with the reconstruction of the digestive tract and the restoration of swallowing function are issues that are analysed in correlation with the avoidance of stenosis and swallowing difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new perspective: Quantitative description of the Cupid’s peak aesthetics essence","authors":"Chuanqi Qin ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Jiegang Yang ,&nbsp;Yuting Wang ,&nbsp;Yuchuan Fu ,&nbsp;Xiazhou Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The Cupid’s peak triangle theory was established to reveal the aesthetics essence of the Cupid’s peak through golden ratio deviation to provide quantitative theoretical basis for lip plastic and cosmetic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Model the Cupid’s peak line on the lip bow ridge and construct expressions for Cupid’s peak parameters and their associated triangle theory using the angle circle (AC) and radius circle (RC) of the Cupid’s peak line. Calculate and establish functional relationships for Cupid’s peak parameters and the concept of the Cupid’s peak index (CPI) golden ratio deviation (GRD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the Cupid’s peak triangle theory, important parameters describing Cupid’s peak morphology include Cupid’s peak angle (ACp), arc (RCp), the smooth connection point (SI) of the Cupid’s peak arc and line, and the CPI. The parameters are interrelated in their functional relationships. ACp determines RCp, the SI point determines the proportion of the Cupid’s peak arc to the line, and CPI determines GRD. Cupid’s peak parameter ranges in the normal population are as follows: ACp is 109°−160°, RCp is 1.24–0.35 rad, CPI is 0.614–0.508, and GRD is 0.62%−17.85%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Cupid’s peak triangle theory reveals the functional relationship between the Cupid’s peak parameters and quantifies the aesthetics essence of lip shape.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>The morphology of the Cupid’s peak serves as a tangible manifestation of lip shape aesthetics. This study aims to elucidate the aesthetic essence and general principles of Cupid’s peak morphology, offering a quantitative theoretical foundation for lip plastic and cosmetic surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life after Open Extremity Trauma (QUINTET) study: An international, multicentric, observational, cohort study of quality of life following lower extremity open fractures","authors":"Juan Enrique Berner ,&nbsp;Manuel Ortíz-Llorens ,&nbsp;Charles Anton Fries ,&nbsp;Jagdeep Nanchahal ,&nbsp;Abhilash Jain ,&nbsp;QUINTET Collaborative","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Open lower limb fractures are severe injuries with long-lasting consequences. Limited research has been conducted on the impact of these injuries on quality of life (QoL), internationally.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Quality of Life after Open Extremity Trauma (QUINTET) study was designed as an international, multicentric, observational, cohort study of patients presented with open lower limb fractures. Demographic and clinical information was collected, along with repeated validated QoL measures. Primary outcomes were SF-12 and EQ-5D-3L, and secondary outcomes were soft tissue infection, deep infection, non-union and amputation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 92 patients were enrolled in 8 centres, based in the UK, Spain, Chile and Sudan. The mean age at presentation was 54 years, 47 years for males and 64 years for females. Males presented a higher proportion of road traffic accidents as the underlying mechanism, whereas for females, this was the case of low-energy falls. Participant retention was 71.7% and 73.9% for the 3- and 12-month assessments, respectively. There was a substantial reduction in QoL after open fracture, which only partially recovered at 12 months. Participants recruited in the UK presented lower QoL scores compared with patients treated in Spain and Chile.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>For this study, international patient recruitment proved challenging, leading to most patients being recruited in the UK. Despite this limitation, we found a statistically significant detriment in self-reported QoL, which did not recover after a year. This study highlights differences in quality-of-life outcomes from a gender and international perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From science fair to TIME cover: The hype surrounding a teen’s skin cancer treating soap","authors":"Jing Qin Tay,&nbsp;Andrés Romero Valverde,&nbsp;Esteban Salas Salas,&nbsp;Yu-Jen Chen,&nbsp;Theodoros Stylianou,&nbsp;Shah Jumaat Mohd Yussof","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of free fibula flap donor leg and recipient vessel selection in composite oromandibular defect reconstructions","authors":"Ching-En Chen ,&nbsp;Chun-Yu Ma ,&nbsp;Chin-Jung Feng ,&nbsp;Tien-Hsiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Chung Shih ,&nbsp;Chih-Hsun Lin ,&nbsp;Szu-Hsien Wu ,&nbsp;Fu-Yin Hsiao ,&nbsp;Mei-Chun Chen ,&nbsp;Hsu Ma ,&nbsp;Cherng-Kang Perng","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The free fibula flap (FFF) is acknowledged as the primary choice for reconstructing composite oromandibular defects (COMDs), yet the impact of donor leg selection remains inadequately explored. This study aims to investigate the correlation between flap failure and the choice of donor leg and recipient vessel side.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In a retrospective analysis spanning 2011 to 2020, FFFs for COMD were examined using electronic records. Patient data, comorbidities, radiation history, FFF details, and intraoperative variables were considered. Laterality was categorized into “Cis” and “Trans” groups, further subclassified based on blood supply. Analyses involved logistic regression, bivariate analysis, and propensity score matching.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 155 subjects with intraoral mucosal defects repaired only by the skin paddle of FFF were included. Cases were categorized into “Cis” (n = 65; 42%) and “Trans” (n = 90; 58%) groups based on COMD side and donor leg selection. No significant baseline differences emerged. Logistic regression found no laterality impact on total FFF failure. Initially, gender correlated with flap failure, but adjustment diminished the association. Partial skin paddle necrosis correlated with diabetes, not laterality. Propensity score matching revealed no significant differences between right and left legs in laterality or total flap failure risk. Subgroup analysis found no differences in parameters or flap failure rates within “Cis” and “Trans” groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Donor leg selection in COMD reconstruction with FFFs does not exhibit specificity. Furthermore, despite potential limitations in vessel anastomosis due to pedicle length or trauma history, recipient vessel side selection does not evidently affect flap failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic three-dimensional facial topography in pediatric facial palsy: Understanding asymmetrical facial contours","authors":"Kayla Prezelski ,&nbsp;Jonathan Cheng ,&nbsp;Rami R. Hallac","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Objective assessment of facial movements remains pivotal for diagnosis, treatment, and long-term monitoring of patients with facial palsy (FP). This study aims to utilize curvature analysis in pediatric patients with and without FP to define facial contours and to quantify three-dimensional (3D) excursion during smile.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pediatric patients with and without FP had 3D motion capture acquired from rest to maximum smile positions. 3D curvature analysis was performed with a custom MATLAB algorithm. A 40-vertex “smile curve” along the nasolabial fold-cheek-orbit contour was extracted from each patient-specific 3D mesh hemiface. This allowed the quantification of excursion and asymmetry for affected vs. unaffected sides in FP patients, and comparison with controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve FP (mean 12.5 yr, range 5–18) and 12 control (mean 12.1 yr, range 5–18) patients were analyzed. Differences in facial contour are intensified during animation, especially in the nasolabial fold, cheek, and periorbital regions of interest and the smile curve that links them. Mean excursion differed significantly between the FP and control groups in all regions of interest (p &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Curvature analysis provides insight into the unexplored relationship of the 3D morphological dynamics of the concavity and convexity of the face, to add to the understanding of this complex condition. The magnitude of asymmetry between an FP patient’s affected vs. unaffected smile curve excursion, and comparison to the control group, could allow surgical treatment to be tailored to an individual patient’s dynamic anatomy by identifying and quantifying facial region-specific asymmetry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective cohort study: Waterjet-assisted liposuction reduces inflammation but increases the risk of hypokalemia in patients with lipoedema","authors":"Jessica Hoffmann ,&nbsp;Adam Stepniewski ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Lehmann ,&nbsp;Katharina Jäckle","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Lipoedema is a congenital fat distribution disorder. It leads to a pathological increase in adipose tissue due to a hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the adipocytes. Currently, the disease affects approximately 10% of women. A common treatment of the disease is liposuction to remove the pathologic fat cells.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>A total of 47 patients (mean age: 62.00 ± 12.96 years) were treated with the conventional tumescent liposuction and 25 patients (mean age of 45.16 ± 12.87 years) with waterjet-assisted liposuction (WAL), a gentle, tissue-conserving method that washes out fat cells. WAL is thought to cause less damage to surrounding tissue than tumescent liposuction and thus, less trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At the postoperative level, the C-reactive protein was significantly (<em>p</em>* = 0.0195) lower after WAL treatment, implying a lower inflammation level than after tumescent liposuction. Also, a decrease of electrolytes such as potassium in the blood serum was observed in some cases. The postoperative potassium level dropped by 0.30 ± 0.24 mmol/l, a value that was significantly lower in WAL-treated patients where the level dropped by 0.47 ± 0.31 mmol/l. The mean fat aspirate using the conventional tumescent method was 3302.13 ± 1345.89 ml and 3727.08 ± 151.96 ml with the WAL treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>WAL is a tissue-conserving method that washes out fat cells with less trauma to surrounding tissue as observed with conventional tumescent liposuction. WAL causes a lower inflammation level but higher loss of potassium ions. This latter aspect needs attention after the liposuction treatment<em>.</em></div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>Waterjet-assisted liposuction reduces inflammation but increases the risk of hypokalemia when compared to conventional tumescent liposuction in patients with lipoedema, DRKS00034711. Registered July 17, 2024 - Retrospectively registered. Trial registration number DRKS00034711.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What to expect following targeted muscle reinnervation/regenerative peripheral nerve interface: Pain outcomes in an amputee population","authors":"Julia C. Lauzon ,&nbsp;Kirsty U. Boyd ,&nbsp;Nancy L. Dudek","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) have shown promise in improving and/or preventing neuropathic pain and reducing narcotic use in amputees. However, anecdotally, some patients experience an increase in pain in the first few months post-operatively. This study explored the pain trajectory of 22 upper and lower extremity amputees following their TMR and/or RPNI procedure in their first post-operative year, with a focus on the patterns of recovery in the first few months. Our study found an overall decrease in the amount of pain and pain medication use at various time points post-operatively. Of note, several individuals had an increase in pain or required an increase in pain medications in the first three months. Different outcomes for patients who underwent primary versus secondary surgery were seen, which has been observed in other studies. Further prospective studies are warranted to evaluate these trends in pain after TMR or RPNI surgery in individuals with major limb amputations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of surgical technique and cleft width on the rate of secondary surgery and velopharyngeal function in children with UCLP at 5 years of age","authors":"Åsa Okhiria ,&nbsp;Christina Persson ,&nbsp;Monica Blom Johansson ,&nbsp;Malin Hakelius ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Jabbari ,&nbsp;Daniel Nowinski","doi":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjps.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several factors may influence speech outcome and the rate of secondary palatal surgery in patients with cleft palate. The aim of this study was to evaluate different types of intra-velar veloplasty within an otherwise uniform surgical protocol. The impact of cleft width and the surgeon’s experience on outcome measurements was examined. This cross-sectional study included 62 individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate born in 2000–2015. Based on the surgical technique used, they were divided into three groups. The cleft width was measured on dental casts. Blinded speech and language pathologists assessed velopharyngeal function with the composite score for velopharyngeal competence (VPC-Sum) for single words. They rated velopharyngeal function on a three-point scale (VPC-R) in sentences. Target consonants in words were phonetically transcribed. The percentage of correct consonants (PCC) was calculated. Surgical technique was not associated with any outcome. Cleft width was associated with the rate of secondary palatal surgery (OR 1.141, 95% CI 1.021–1.275, <em>p</em> = .020) and velopharyngeal insufficiency when using VPC-R (OR 2.700, 95% CI 1.053–6.919, <em>p</em> = .039) but not when using VPC-Sum (OR 1.985, 95% CI.845–4.662, <em>p</em> = .116). PCC was not associated with cleft width and did not differ between surgical techniques. Radical muscle dissection did not exhibit superiority over intra-velar veloplasty reinforced by the palatopharyngeal muscle. Follow-ups at later ages with larger groups will be necessary to evaluate and compare surgical techniques accurately. Cleft width had a greater impact on the rate of secondary surgery and velopharyngeal function than surgical technique, but neither affected the PCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}