Journal of Geosciences Research最新文献

{"title":"Morphotectonic Study of Iring Watershed, Tamenglong District, Manipur, India","authors":"Yumkhaibam Sanjitkumar Singh, Yumkhaibam Rajesh Singh, M. Sanoujam, Arun Kumar","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0192-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0192-58","url":null,"abstract":"The primary focus of study is on the morphotectonic investigation of the Iring watershed in the Manipur district of Tamenglong. Various morphotectonic factors were studied using data from Aster-DEM, SENTINEL-2 satellite, Survey of India Topographical Maps, and field verification. Drainage Basin Asymmetry (AF), Transverse Topographic Symmetry (T), Basin Elongation Ratio (Eb), and Valley Floor Width to Valley Height ratio (Vf) are a few examples of geomorphic indices that were examined. It was found that the 118.67 km2 basin is tectonically active, as evidenced by structural characteristics and geomorphic parameter values. River stress knick sites are indicated by regions with an SLK index greater than 10. The watershed exhibits asymmetry, as indicated by the average T value of 0.195. Actively incising V-shaped valleys linked to uplift are indicated by Vf values between 0.192 and 0.263. The river is migrating to the western side due to elevation on the eastern side, as shown by the AF result of 47.72%. A basin that is extended and experiencing tectonic activity has a basin elongation ratio of 0.66. The hypsometric curve and hypsometric integral (~50%) indicate that the erosion process in the basin is at its early mature stage. Keywords: Morphotectonic Indices, Active Tectonics, Geology, Morphometry, Drainage Basin, Hypsometry","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"21 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide Susceptibility Modelling of Central Highland Part of Chaliyar River Basin, Kerala, India with Integrated Algorithms of Frequency Ratio and Shannon Entropy","authors":"Suraj P.R., Melvin Babu, Manoharan A.N., Archana Krishnan N., Shruthi Mayya K., Niveditha P.","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0176-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0176-52","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated landslide susceptibility analysis is carried out for the central highland region of the Chaliyar River Basin in Kerala, India using bivariate statistical methods, namely the Frequency Ratio (FR) and Shannon Entropy (SE). The study addresses the complex nature of landslides, influenced by natural as well as anthropogenic factors, with specific focus on assessing the landslide likelihood of the study area. The methodology involves a systematic approach of collecting the inventory data, identifying various landslide causative factors and developing their corresponding thematic maps, spatial analysis of landslide occurrence and causative factors using GIS software and generation of Landslide Susceptibility Model (LSM) employing FR and SE algorithm, followed by model validation. Various causative factors considered for the study include slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, elevation, lithology, drainage density, landuse and landcover (LULC), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The FR and SE algorithm enable the spatial classification of the study area into four landslide susceptibility categories namely Low, Moderate, High, and Very High. Validation of both the LSMs was carried out using Landslide Density Index (LDI) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) methods. LDI demonstrate a positive fit for both the models, which is indicative of reliability of the susceptibility predictions of the study area. A slightly higher AUC value of SE model is an indication of a high accuracy rate of SE model over FR model. This research brings out a robust methodology for predicting and identifying the landslide risks of the study area.The outcomes of this study will help in developing effective strategies to manage the landslide hazards in geologically vulnerable areas. Keywords: Landslide Susceptibility, Landslide Conditioning Factors, Frequency Ratio, Shannon Entropy, Landslide Density Index(LDI), Area Under the Curve (AUC)","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"20 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid Inclusion Petrography and Microthermometry of Barren/Mineralized Quartz Veins-Reef of Malanjkhand Cu Deposit, Central India: Implication on Ore and Non-Ore Forming Environment","authors":"Dr. Arya, Saurabh Gupta, Gunjan Arya","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0191-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0191-57","url":null,"abstract":"Quartz reefs and veins of variable thickness have been intruded in host Paleoproterozoic Malanjkhand granites in the mine area and are primarily restricted to phyllic as well as potassic alteration zones. They are mainly of two types: mineralized and barren. Fluid inclusion petrography depicts mainly five types of inclusion which are aqueous biphase, monophase, monocarbonic, H2O-CO2 and polyphase (L+V+H). They are called here Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV, and Type V, respectively, and are present in both mineralized and barren quartz veins/reefs. All types of inclusion are common except type V, which appears rare in both. However, the sizes of type II and IV are unexpectedly small. The micro thermometry results imply a relatively high temperature (209.4-376.4oC) of fluid entrapment in the mineralized counterpart. However, it is considerably lower (133.9-182.2oC) for the barren counterpart. Although the salinity of fluid appears low for mineralized quartz veins/reef (0.63-0.87 wt.% NaCl equivalent), while for barren counterpart, it is considerably higher (0.92-0.98 wt.% NaCl equivalent). The observed textural and microthermometry results advocate that the Malanjkhand hydrothermal system has resemblances with the porphyry system and indicates probable genetic linkage between barren and mineralized quartz veins/reef. Keywords: Fluid Inclusions, Quartz Veins/Reef, Aqueous Inclusions","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141689091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology, Biochemistry and Distribution of Villorita cyprinoides and Meretrix casta (Bivalve) Shells in Vembanad Estuary, Kerala, India","authors":"Anju Maria Joseph, M. S. Gandhi","doi":"10.56153/g19088-024-0201-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-024-0201-62","url":null,"abstract":"Estuaries are among the most commercially significant ecosystems on the earth, and they provide different habitats for numerous bivalve species. The Clams are one of the most widely distributed and used aquatic bivalves, providing much more protein-rich food than mussels and oysters. The Vembanad Estuary is one of the richest clam fisheries coastal wetland in Kerala. The present study focusing on comparatives ofmorphology and biochemistry of Villorita cyprinoides and Meretrix casta shells in Vembanad Estuary. It also attempts to understand the variations in clam distribution caused by salinity fluctuations and sediment texture. According to the morphological and morphometric analysis, medium size shells were found in greater abundance in both species. Atotal of 306 shells of V. cyprinoides and 169 shells of M. casta were obtained from the ten sample locations of Vembanad Estuary. The density of V. cyprinoides shells (192) was higher in the southern part while the northern portion of Vembanad Estuary represented by M. casta shells (108) with comparatively lower density. V. cyprinoides has a negative linear correlation with salinity, as indicated by R2 of 0.96. M. casta, on the other hand, exhibits a positive correlation with salinity, with 0.94 linear coefficient. V. cyprinoides was more prevalent in clayey and silty sediments, while M. casta was more common in sandy sediments. The X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that the Calcium Oxide percentage of V. cyprinoides and M. casta shells were 39.47% and 38.72%, respectively, while all other metal oxides were present only in trace amount. Keywords: Bivalves, Villorita cyprinoides, Meretrix casta, Major Oxides, Vembanad Estuary","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"152 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Analysis and Petrography of High-Grade Gneisses and Associated Mafic / Ultramafic Dikes Around Salem, Southern India","authors":"Vinay V. Salve, Durga P. Mohanty","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0165-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0165-45","url":null,"abstract":"Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT) of India preserves extensive high-grade granulite facies rocks of Archaean and Proterozoic age. The SGT is divided into number of blocks by several suture/shear zone. Structural investigations on the basement gneisses and younger mafic/ultramafic dikes have been carried out within the Salem block which is part of Northern Granulite Block (NGB), north of the Cauvery Suture Zone (CSZ). The present work emphasizes various scale fold styles and other structural patterns of the area, which includes regionally metamorphosed high-grade rocks as basement for the multiple ultramafic intrusions to the north of Cauvery Suture Zone (CSZ) which highlights the finite strain geometry, complex deformation pattern and high-grade metamorphism. Structural map of the study area is prepared showing two generations of folding, namely F1 whose axial trend is NE-SW, subparallel with general trend of gneissic foliation and are tight isoclinal folds while F2 which are open folds with axial trend NW-SE.E-W structural cross section across the foliation planes, characterizes antiformal and synformal fold patterns of the basement due to varying dip directions which also reflects type-3 interference pattern of folding. Mesoscopic scale shear zones of dextral kinematics in response to E-W collision during Paleo-Meso Archean time, delta type porphyroclasts, S-C fabrics with the dextral movement of CSZ system, Riedel shear, thrust imbricates implying duplex structures, rotation of mafic boudins along shear zones are the most prominent ductile structural features of this area. Brittle structures like different sets of cross cutting joints and faults indicate younger deformation as well. Petrography of major lithologies has classified them into amphibolite gneiss, migmatite gneiss, charnockites, granulites and mylonites as basement rocks to the younger pyroxenite intrusions. Typical textures like, perthite, granulose, reaction rims, sieve textures and microstructures like S-C fabrics, kink bands, rotated porphyroclasts, etc are observed within the basement rocks. Coarse grained textures with fractured porphyroclasts of garnets indicating the water interactions and retrogradations within the granulite facies rocks. Reaction rims observed in charnockites and granulites are indicative of retrogression during shearing. The coarse grained cummulate nature of pyroxenites neither represent deformation nor metamorphism. Keywords: Southern Granulite Terrane, Salem, Structural Analysis, Mafic/Ultramafics, Dikes, Petrography","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"39 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineation of the Groundwater Potential Zone in Kantli River Basin, Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan: A Geospatial Approach","authors":"Tanmoy Chatterjee, Duryadhan Behera, Prasanta Kumar Patra, Shreerup Goswami","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0144-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0144-35","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing and GIS are advanced techniques and tools that have been used for various researches including groundwater geology. The Landsat and the IRS satellite datasets have been utilized to extract information on the hydrogeomorphic and groundwater related features of a semi-arid Precambrian hard rock terrain in the Kantli River Basin of Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan, India. It is the upper part of the Shekhawati River. The study area is covering about 2313.2013 km2 in the Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan. In the present study, the groundwater potential zone is identified by the GIS overlay techniques using the spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS 10.2. The developed methodology is demonstrated in the Kantli River Basin of Rajasthan, western India. Originally, nine thematic layers, viz. topographic elevation, land slope, geomorphology, geology, soil, pre and post-monsoon groundwater depths, annual net recharge, annual rainfall and proximity to surface water bodies were considered in this study. Therefore, five groundwater potential zones were identified and distinguished in the study area, viz. 'very good', 'good', 'moderate', 'poor' and 'very poor' based on groundwater potential index values, which will enable the local bodies for the future planning and management of the groundwater resource. Severe groundwater contamination has been found occasionally in the study area. Every year during the summer, the region is facing a lot of problems with portable groundwater. As the study area is semi-desert, the influences of salinity have been increasing day by day in the groundwater. Keywords: Groundwater, Remote Sensing, Kantli River, Satellite Images, GIS, Potential zone","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135264768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical Evaluation and Hydrogeochemistry of Groundwater from Western Part of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra with Special Emphasis on Human Health Risk Assessment","authors":"M.P. Jaunjalkar, Y.A. Murkute","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0161-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0161-39","url":null,"abstract":"The groundwater samples were collected from the phreatic aquifers of PG2 watershed of western part Chandrapur district, Maharashtra. The geogenic processes like dissolution of calcium rich minerals are responsible for increase of Ca2+ content in groundwater. In the groundwater samples, HCO - and SO 2- are the prevailing dominant anions. The TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, HCO - as well as Cl- ions present in basement rocks have been attributed to the geogenic factor through the factor analysis. K+, SO 2- as well as NO - correspond to fertilizers and soil amendments used by people to enhance crop production, which is regarded as anthropogenic input. The silicate weathering at water-rock interface is the main process of generation of various solutes in groundwater. The multiple regression analysis expresses the TDS as a linear function of the ions and Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, HCO -, Cl-, SO 2- and NO - contribute significantly to the bulk chemical composition of the groundwater from the study area. The health hazard quotient (HQ) for children (4.94%) and adults (7.95%) denotes the intensity of different health risk vulnerable zones at a specific site. Keywords: Rock-Water Interaction, Silicate Weathering, Statistical Evaluation, Health Risk Assessment, Chandrapur District, Maharashtra","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135264770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Modern Diatoms with Lake Acidification and Water Quality in Nsonji Lake of Nagaland, North-East India","authors":"Zayieno Kere, Samaya S. Humane, Shaik Mohammad Hussain","doi":"10.56153/g19088-023-0160-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56153/g19088-023-0160-40","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the relationship of diatoms and water quality is of paramount importance to link it to Holocene Climate Change. Since diatoms are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, they are the obvious choice to study diatom inferred water quality and climate changes. Therefore, sediment samples along with water samples were collected during pre monsoon seasons from the Nsonji Lake of the Nagaland, India to establish the relationship between the diatom and water quality. The Nsonji Lake has circum-neutral pH (around 7) indicating gradual degradation of organic matter leading to acidification of the lake. The surface sediments of the Nsonji Lake revealed the dominance of Discostella stelligera, Achnanthidium sp., Navicula cryptocephala, Navicula radiosa and Nitzschia palea. These diatom species could be used to unravel the acidification history of lake caused by natural and anthropogenic activities. Understanding the past climate dynamics need modern analogue in order to evaluate the important processes relative to Earth's history and built future scenario. Keywords: Diatoms, Water Quality, Acidification, pH, Organic Matter, Nsonji Lake, Nagaland","PeriodicalId":499732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geosciences Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135264762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}