Pediatric Discovery最新文献

{"title":"Regulatory roles of insulin growth factor binding protein family in neuroblastoma cell proliferation and differentiation: Potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma","authors":"Kai Huang, LinYu Yang, Yue Ma, Shan Wang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.68","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroblastoma (NB), as a representative of tumors of embryonic origin in children, has specific clinical features. On the one hand, a very small number of NBs may appear to regress on their own. On the other hand, highly malignant NBs can invade the surrounding blood vessels and organs and metastasize to distant bone, bone marrow, and lymph nodes in the early stages of the disease. Based on differential affinities to insulin growth factors (IGFs), insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are classified into two groups: IGF binding proteins (IGFBP1‐6) with high‐affinity and IGF low‐affinity binding proteins, such as IGFBP‐related proteins (IGFBP rP1‐10). IGFBP are crucial regulators of the bioavailability and function of IGF in metabolic signaling and as modulators of IGF signaling, and their role in NB is gaining increasing attention. In this study, we investigate the involvement of IGFBP family members in the growth and differentiation of NB cells, as well as the potential of IGFBPs as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human NB.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141369405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting CD4 regulatory T cell and neuroblastoma: A Mendelian randomization study","authors":"RuiZong Wang, Shan Wang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.85","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common extracranial solid tumor in children, and currently our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression is not very thorough. In clinical practice, although the prognosis and survival rates of NB patients in the low‐risk and medium‐risk groups are still acceptable, the prognosis and survival rates of NB patients in the high‐risk group are extremely poor. Therefore, improving awareness of NB tumors is crucial for improving the treatment status of NB patients in clinical practice. So we collected common tumor exposure factors and performed multiple Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on NB, and ultimately determined that the increase in Resting CD4 regulatory T cell was positively correlated with the occurrence and development of NB. In addition, we also used the network pharmacology algorithm proximity to screen the NB chemotherapy drug papain and reasonably speculated that there is an interaction between papain and CD4 regulatory T cell in the chemotherapy of NB patients.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"137 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141369001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing sustainable practices to protect children and adolescents from infectious diseases","authors":"J. Estill","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141385912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient‐reported outcome measures in pediatrics: An overview of reviews","authors":"R. Lei, Jin Xiong, Haiyun Wang, Yuehuan Li, Janne Estill, Qiu Li, Yaolong Chen","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.77","url":null,"abstract":"Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are standardized and validated self‐administered questionnaires for assessing patients' overall well‐being, disease burden, and health‐related quality of life. For children, their cognitive development, reading ability and language skills need to be considered when selecting the optimal PROM. High‐quality systematic reviews (SRs) can provide a comprehensive overview of the available PROMs and provide evidence‐based recommendations for pediatricians. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview of pediatric SRs of PROMs. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched to identify SRs of PROMs published in English focusing on the health of children and adolescents. Four researchers performed literature screening and data extraction, and evaluated the methodological quality of SRs using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews tool. Forty‐four SRs of PROMs published between 2006 and 2022 were included, recommending 123 PROMs, of which the most recommended were the pediatric quality of life inventory and its subscales and the EuroQol five dimension questionnaire. Thirty‐six conditions were addressed; the most frequent ICD‐11 category was “Mental, behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorders” (n = 9, 20.5%). The PROMs covered nine categories of contents to measure, the most frequent being the quality of life (n = 37, 30.1%). Content validity (n = 67, 54.5%) and internal consistency (n = 65, 52.9%) were the most commonly reported and measurement error (n = 10, 8.1%) was the least. The methodological and reporting of psychometric properties for SRs need further improvement. In addition, reporting of details such as the age when children should self‐report the measures needs also improvement.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"11 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141233460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of procalcitonin and hemocyte parameters in neonates with bloodstream infection: Role of activated hemocyte‐related genes","authors":"Yiyi Tao, Qian Li, Huidi Peng, Ningshu Huang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.56","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of hemocyte parameters and procalcitonin (PCT) in detecting bloodstream infections (BSI) in neonates and explore the contribution of hemocyte activation‐related genes to pediatric sepsis through bioinformatics analysis. A cohort of 419 neonates, categorized as BSI (positive blood culture) and control, underwent comparative analysis of PCT and hemocyte parameters. A predictive model for neonatal BSI was established, demonstrating an impressive area under the receiver ROC curve of 0.968 with remarkable sensitivity (92%) and specificity (87.3%). Hemocyte parameters, including lymphocyte and neutrophil percentages, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and PCT, emerged as independent predictors of neonatal BSI. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis utilizing Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets yielded significant insights. Differential gene expression (DEGs), gene ontology (GO), pathway enrichment, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were explored. The differentially expressed genes and hub genes were notably enriched in the activation of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. Notably, elevated expression levels of SPI1, TYROBP, and FCER1G were observed in pediatric sepsis or septic shock, with positive correlations between SPI1, FCER1G, and TYROBP. In summary, the combination of lymphocyte, PDW, PLR, and PCT effectively diagnosed neonatal BSI. Bioinformatics analysis underscored the pivotal role of activated hemocytes in diagnosing pediatric sepsis, with SPI1, TYROBP, and FCER1G co‐expression influencing the disease's pathophysiology by modulating neutrophil and platelet activity.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"56 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric pulmonary embolism: Unveiling clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and outcomes in Southwest China","authors":"Dandong Zhao, Qiang Xiong, Ying Lv, Gong Ting, Shuya Lu, Jian Luo, Xiaohong Xie, Mingxiang Zhang, Linli He, Tian Yang, Daiyin Tian","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.83","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary embolism (PE) leads to obstruction of pulmonary circulation, resulting in increased pulmonary vascular resistance, elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, and increased right heart load. In severe cases, it can lead to cardiac decompensation and life‐threatening conditions. However, clinical studies on PE in children are limited, with many diagnostic and treatment guidelines derived from adult populations. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations, risk factors, co‐morbidity, and outcomes of PE patients admitted to a large children's hospital in southwest China. A total of 24 children with PE participated, 9 boys (37.5%), aged 0.1–14.6, (median: 8.15 years old). Except for two asymptomatic cases, the duration from symptom onset to the diagnosis of PE varied from 2 to 45 days (median: 12 days). Among these children, 13 (54.2%) patients experienced a delayed diagnosis exceeding 10 days. A total of 7 children died from underlying diseases, and no one met the outcome of recurrent PE or PE‐related death. Among the 17 survivors, complete resolution of PE was in 11 (64.7%) children, partial resolution who progressed to chronic PE was in 3 (17.7%) children, and no follow‐up computed tomography pulmonary angiography was performed in the remaining 3 (17.7%) children. This study revealed that the majority of pediatric PE cases presented with respiratory symptoms, with a considerable proportion initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia, and emphasized the importance of early recognition and appropriate management strategies in improving outcomes for the affected children. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology, refine diagnostic algorithms, and establish standardized treatment protocols tailored to the pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"29 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined wedge resection for lower lip debulking in Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome","authors":"Hope Xu, Pranav N. Haravu, Russell R. Reid, Bruce Bauer","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single‐cell RNA sequencing in pediatric research: Focusing on differentiation trajectories and immune microenvironment of neuroblastoma","authors":"RuiZong Wang, Shan Wang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.61","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) has emerged as a novel and high‐resolution technique for identifying cell types, states, and subpopulations. This technique enables researchers to uncover cellular heterogeneity and detect rare cell populations that might be indistinguishable in bulk RNA‐seq data. The primary aim of scRNA‐seq analysis is to investigate cellular heterogeneity and distinguish distinct cell types or states. scRNA‐seq provides a detailed understanding of intercellular differences and diversity by obtaining gene expression data for each individual cell. Moreover, clustering methods in scRNA‐seq can be used to group cells bring into subpopulations based on their gene expression patterns, thereby uncovering similarities and differences that assist in identifying and defining cell types. Newly discovered cell types can be validated and named by labeling known cell marker genes. Additionally, scRNA‐seq helps in identifying genes specifically expressed at different developmental stages, in various tissue types, or under various disease states. Recently, there has been a growing trend in using single‐cell transcriptome sequencing technology for neuroblastoma (NB) research. Through conducting a comprehensive review of relevant articles published thus far, our understanding of NB has been significantly enriched from three critical perspectives: differentiation trajectory, tumor heterogeneity, and immune microenvironment. Firstly, in exploring the differentiation trajectory of NB, we have summarized the tumor's origin and subsequent directions of differentiation. By elucidating a complete tumor differentiation pathway, we can enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying spontaneous tumor regression. Secondly, we have summarized the heterogeneity of tumors, which encompasses different states, cell morphologies, and characteristic genes of NB identified through single‐cell sequencing technology. This consolidation of knowledge enhances our understanding of the heterogeneity of NB. Lastly, we have employed single‐cell sequencing technology to analyze the immune microenvironment, focusing on the cellular components within the tumor's surrounding environment and the diverse states of immune cells. This valuable information contributes to the advancement of NB diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. In conclusion, the application of single‐cell sequencing technology in NB research has significantly advanced our understanding of the disease and carries great significance.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"51 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of automated adjustment of inspired oxygen in preterm infants receiving respiratory support compared with manual: A systematic review and meta‐analysis","authors":"Yihan Zhang, Yuxuan Du, Yuan Shi","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.57","url":null,"abstract":"Preterm infants may need supplemental oxygen due to immature lungs. Regardless of the type of oxygen therapy used, bedside clinicians frequently adjust the FiO2 level. Automatic oxygen management is progressively developing as a viable alternative to these corrections. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of automated versus manual oxygen control in preterm infants receiving respiratory support. All the studies were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP, and CBM on 7 May 2022. PICOS criteria were as follows: (P) participants were preterm infants receiving respiratory support; (I) intervention was automatic oxygen control; (C) comparator mode was manual oxygen control; (O) the primary outcome was the percentage of time within the target pulse oxygen saturation range; (S) randomized clinical trials. Sixteen studies were included in this meta‐analysis. The results showed that automated oxygen control can increase the percentage of time spent within the target SpO2 range while reducing the percentage of time spent above the target SpO2 range, the percentage time of hypoxemia, and manual FiO2 adjustments/hour. No significant difference was observed in the percentage of time spent below the target SpO2 range, incidence of bradycardia, and the mean SpO2 or mean FiO2 level. Automatic oxygen control can improve preterm infants' oxygen saturation, reduce periods of hypoxemia and the percentage of time spent above the target SpO2 range, and ease the workload of medical staff without affecting the mean FiO2 and mean SpO2 levels.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of MALs and potential immunotherapy targets in uveal melanoma","authors":"Jing Yang, Zhou Fu, Qin Xiang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.54","url":null,"abstract":"Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary ocular malignancy in adults, and the 5‐year disease‐related mortality rate is 30%. MAL proteolipid family (MALs), including T‐cell differentiation protein (MAL), T‐cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2), and T‐cell differentiation protein like (MALL), were involved in the progression and prognosis of many different cancers. However, the role of MALs in UM was not reported. UM samples were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas. R software (R3.6.3) was used to comprehensively analyze the roles of the MALs (significance threshold: p < 0.05). MALs mRNA expression was changed in UM tissues. In terms of tumor stage, MAL2 was highly expressed in T4 (p = 0.021). The ROC curves indicated that MAL2 and MALL were prognostic biomarkers for 1‐ and 3‐year survival in UM patients, and MAL2 also could predict 5‐year survival for UM patients. Then, the univariable and multivariable analysis showed that MAL2 and MALL were independent prognostic biomarkers. Next, we assessed the immune microenvironment of MALs in UM. MAL had no correlation with B7‐H3, but MAL2 and MALL had a positive correlation with B7‐H3. Our results revealed that the MAL proteolipid family may be prognostic biomarkers for UM patients and that B7‐H3 may be a novel immunotherapy target for UM.","PeriodicalId":498028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Discovery","volume":"59 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141108426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}