Northwest Science最新文献_第6页

Fish Communities in the Tidal Freshwater Wetlands of the Lower Columbia River 哥伦比亚河下游潮汐淡水湿地的鱼类群落

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2021-05-21 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0301

Sean Y. Sol, D. P. Lomax, Amanda C. Hanson, C. Corbett, L. Johnson

{"title":"Fish Communities in the Tidal Freshwater Wetlands of the Lower Columbia River","authors":"Sean Y. Sol, D. P. Lomax, Amanda C. Hanson, C. Corbett, L. Johnson","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0301","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigated fish species richness, community composition, density, and diversity along a spatial gradient of tidal influence in the shallow wetlands of the Columbia River. Our findings revealed distinct seasonal and spatial patterns in fish community composition, proportions of native and non-native fish species, and occurrence of fish that are potential juvenile salmon competitors and predators. We observed increased species richness and diversity with increased distance from the mouth of the Columbia River. Proportions of non-native species increased as well, and were especially high near the urban areas of the lower Columbia River. Species richness, density, and proportion of non-native species were higher during the summer months and positively correlated with water temperature. Juvenile salmonid density was highest in the spring, and salmonids were largely absent in the summer when non-native fish species were most abundant. Future increases in temperature, as expected with climate change, will favor further expansion of warm-water species, likely changing food web dynamics and having unpredictable effects on salmonids and other native fish populations.","PeriodicalId":49743,"journal":{"name":"Northwest Science","volume":"94 1","pages":"208 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41951458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Inside Front Cover 封二

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2021-02-23 DOI: 10.1039/c9py90056j

引用次数: 0

Whitebark Pine in the National Parks of the Pacific States: An Assessment of Population Vulnerability 太平洋国家公园中的白皮松：种群脆弱性评估

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0204

E. Jules, Phillip J van Mantgem, Benjamin G. Iberle, Jonathan C. B. Nesmith, R. Rochefort

{"title":"Whitebark Pine in the National Parks of the Pacific States: An Assessment of Population Vulnerability","authors":"E. Jules, Phillip J van Mantgem, Benjamin G. Iberle, Jonathan C. B. Nesmith, R. Rochefort","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a long-lived tree found in high-elevation forests of western North America that is declining due to the non-native white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) and climate-driven outbreaks of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae; MPB). The National Park Service established a monitoring program for whitebark pine in seven parks, including Sequoia & Kings Canyon, Yosemite, Lassen Volcanic, Crater Lake, Mount Rainier, Olympic, and North Cascades National Parks. Using these data, we summarized stand structure, presence of blister rust, and MPB prevalence to provide a baseline for future monitoring. Next, we used a stochastic, size-structured population model to speculate on future trends in the seven national park populations under conditions of increased MPB activity and ongoing blister rust infection observed in Crater Lake. We found that blister rust infected 29 to 54% of whitebark pine in all the parks except the two southernmost, Sequoia & Kings Canyon and Yosemite, where infections rates were 0.3% and 0.2%, respectively. The proportion of dead trees in Sequoia & Kings Canyon and Yosemite was low (0 to 1%), while they ranged from 10 to 43% in the other parks. Model projections suggested an average population decline of 25% in the parks over the next century using Crater Lake conditions, declines which are possible if blister rust continues to spread and climate change results in a significant increase in the frequency or severity of MPB outbreaks. Overall, our study describes conditions at seven western parks and illustrates potential rates of whitebark pine decline if pest outbreaks and/or blister rust infections worsen.","PeriodicalId":49743,"journal":{"name":"Northwest Science","volume":"94 1","pages":"129 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47602154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Anadromous Coastal Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) as a Host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite Prevalence, Intensity and Distribution 克拉氏喉鳟(Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)寄主pugettensis:寄生虫流行、强度和分布

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0202

J. Losee, S. Jones, C. McKinstry, W. Batts, P. Hershberger

{"title":"Anadromous Coastal Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) as a Host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite Prevalence, Intensity and Distribution","authors":"J. Losee, S. Jones, C. McKinstry, W. Batts, P. Hershberger","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0202","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coastal cutthroat trout [Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (Richardson, 1836)] from the marine waters of Puget Sound, WA, was documented as a new host for the ectoparasite Argulus pugettensis (Dana, 1852). The prevalence of A. pugettensis was 66% (49 of 74) on cutthroat trout and 0% (0 of 55) on coho salmon [O. kisutch (Walbaum, 1792)] collected during the winter of 2017/2018. Infestations occurred most frequently on the dorsal surface, with intensities ranging from 1 to 26 argulids per fish (mean intensity 3.94 ± 4.93 S.D.). In contrast, the prevalence of the common salmon louse [Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837)] was 72% for cutthroat trout and 31% for coho salmon. Relative to other native salmonids, little is known regarding the status, ecology and threats for coastal cutthroat trout. New information reported here is a first step in understanding the relationship between this wild, native trout and infestations by parasitic sea lice and should be followed by future studies aimed to identify population level consequences.","PeriodicalId":49743,"journal":{"name":"Northwest Science","volume":"94 1","pages":"111 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43829935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changing Climate, Changing Soils 气候变化，土壤变化

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0210

Brittany Johnson

引用次数: 0

Ecoregion—Rather Than Sympatric Legumes—Influences Symbiotic Bradyrhizobium Associations in Invasive Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius) in the Pacific Northwest 生态区域-而非同域豆科植物-影响西北太平洋入侵苏格兰雀稗(Cytisus scoparius)的共生缓生根瘤菌关联

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0205

Robyn Dove, Emily R. Wolfe, Nathan U. Stewart, D. Ballhorn

{"title":"Ecoregion—Rather Than Sympatric Legumes—Influences Symbiotic Bradyrhizobium Associations in Invasive Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius) in the Pacific Northwest","authors":"Robyn Dove, Emily R. Wolfe, Nathan U. Stewart, D. Ballhorn","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Plant-microbe mutualisms can determine the success of invasive plants. Legumes (Fabaceae) are particularly successful invaders in a variety of habitats. This is partly due to their ability to access atmospheric nitrogen through microbial mutualists (rhizobia) in their root systems, which allow them to colonize a wide variety of disturbed or nutrient-poor habitats. While many plant-rhizobia mutualisms are highly species-specific, plant promiscuity with different species of rhizobia can significantly enhance the success of invasive legumes, since the availability of suitable rhizobial mutualists in a new geographic area may serve as a limiting factor. Scotch broom (Fabaceae: Cytisus scoparius) is one of the most problematic invasive legumes in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), yet very little is known about the Scotch broom-rhizobia system. We explored the rhizobial communities of root nodules of Scotch broom and sympatrically occurring legumes across three major ecoregions (coast, valley, and mountain) in the western PNW (Washington, Oregon, and California) to better understand the Scotch broom-rhizobia system in nature. We found that bradyrhizobia are the exclusive rhizobial mutualists of Scotch broom but that there is promiscuity at the species level. While there was very little overlap with rhizobial communities of sympatric native and naturalized legumes, ecoregion did influence the species composition of Scotch broom-associated rhizobial communities. Our findings suggest that Scotch broom is not reliant on sympatric legumes to provide a source of suitable rhizobial mutualists, but instead forms spatially variable associations with a range of other bradyrhizobia.","PeriodicalId":49743,"journal":{"name":"Northwest Science","volume":"94 1","pages":"142 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47839863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Mountain is Out 大山已出

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0209

K. Ford

引用次数: 0

Inside Back Cover 封三

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc90019b

Len Adam

引用次数: 0

Butterflies Add to the Color of Spring 蝴蝶为春天增添色彩

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0211

S. Waters

引用次数: 0

Monitoring the Return of Marine-Derived Nitrogen to Riparian Areas in Response to Dam Removal on the Elwha River, Washington 监测华盛顿州埃尔瓦河大坝拆除后海洋衍生氮向河岸地区的回归

IF 0.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.3955/046.094.0203

W. Kane, Rebecca L. Brown, J. Bastow

{"title":"Monitoring the Return of Marine-Derived Nitrogen to Riparian Areas in Response to Dam Removal on the Elwha River, Washington","authors":"W. Kane, Rebecca L. Brown, J. Bastow","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0203","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two sources of nitrogen to Pacific Northwest riparian areas are marine-derived nitrogen (MDN) via anadromous Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and atmospheric nitrogen fixation via red alder (Alnus rubra). The recent removal of two large dams on the Elwha River, WA, opened up about 60 km of previously inaccessible river habitat for anadromous salmon. We used naturally abundant stable nitrogen isotopes to establish baseline data to monitor the influx of MDN to riparian zones of Elwha River tributaries post dam removal. We sampled riparian soil, overstory, and understory vegetation in sites with nitrogen-fixing A. rubra and sites with bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) at an undammed reference site, and along three tributaries, one between the former dams (accessible to anadromous salmon since 2012) and the others upstream of the former dams (no anadromous salmon). Based on δ15N measurements of soil and vegetation, we did not detect MDN at any of the tributaries, including the reference tributary. However, the understory riparian vegetation between the former dams had a higher δ15N than the other tributaries, which may be due to upstream anthropogenic nitrogen sources. Although A. rubra foliage was isotopically distinct from A. macrophyllum, and A. rubra litter had higher total nitrogen, soil and understory vegetation in A. rubra and A. macrophyllum sites did not differ isotopically. Monitoring of these areas and those further upstream on the Elwha River will allow us to trace the return of MDN to the watershed, and help to clarify the role that anadromous fish play in riparian ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":49743,"journal":{"name":"Northwest Science","volume":"94 1","pages":"118 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48885427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1