Nursing Ethics最新文献

{"title":"Triage ethics in mass casualty incident simulation: A phenomenological exploration.","authors":"Adrianna Lorraine Watson, Jeanette Drake, Matthew Anderson, Sondra Heaston, Pyper Schmutz, Calvin Reed, Rylie Rasmussen","doi":"10.1177/09697330241299526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330241299526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disaster scenarios challenge both novice and experienced nurses to navigate complex ethical dilemmas in resource-limited environments. Traditional nursing education often leaves new nurses unprepared for the ethical demands of disaster nursing. Utilitarianism must often guide triage ethics and decision-making. There is a critical need to equip nursing students with these ethical competencies.</p><p><strong>Research question/aim: </strong>This study explores nursing students' lived experiences using introductory triage ethics in mass casualty incident simulation (MCIS).</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was employed, analyzing reflective journal responses from senior nursing students following MCIS participation.</p><p><strong>Participants and research context: </strong>Participants were senior-year nursing students from a private university in the U.S., engaging in MCIS as part of their curriculum, which simulated resource-limited disaster scenarios requiring real-time ethical decisions.</p><p><strong>Ethical considerations: </strong>The study received Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, and participants provided informed consent. Data were anonymized and did not affect academic evaluation.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Two major themes emerged: 1. <b>Living in Ethical Dilemmas</b> (subthemes: <i>We Could Have Saved Them If…</i>, <i>Looking Past Obvious Suffering</i>, <i>How Can We Be Prepared?</i>, <i>We Can't Abandon Them</i>). 2. <b>Development of Ethical Competency</b> (subthemes: <i>Knowing You've Done Enough</i>, <i>Finding New Perspectives</i>, <i>There Is No Right Answer</i>). Students grew in moral reasoning and emotional resilience, transitioning from patient-centered care to utilitarian decision-making.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participation in the mass casualty incident simulation allowed nursing students to confront and navigate complex ethical challenges in real time, fostering significant growth in moral reasoning and emotional resilience. Through immersion in simulated ethical dilemmas, students grappled with the tension between patient-centered care and the realities of utilitarian decision-making. This experience catalyzed a deeper understanding of ethical ambiguity and the development of moral clarity, equipping them with foundational skills for ethically navigating crises. Nursing curricula should recognize and incorporate opportunities that facilitate this ethical growth through experiential learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"9697330241299526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing advocacy and activism: A critical analysis of regulatory documents.","authors":"Lydia Mainey, Sarah Richardson, Ryan Essex, Jessica Dillard-Wright","doi":"10.1177/09697330241299525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330241299525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Advocacy and activism are dynamic terms representing a spectrum of political action, aiming to achieve social or political change. The extent to which nursing advocacy and activism are legitimate nursing roles has been debated for around 50 years. Nursing regulatory documents, such as codes of conduct and professional standards, may provide direction to nurses on how they should act in the context of advocacy and activism.<b>Aim:</b> To explore what regulatory documents say about advocacy and activism, either explicitly or implicitly, and how they shape advocacy and activism.<b>Research design:</b> We used a Reflexive Qualitative Document Analysis approach with a Critical Feminist lens to analyse contemporary nursing regulatory documents from the USA, UK and Australia.<b>Ethical considerations:</b> This article has no human participants, and informed consent was not required.<b>Findings:</b> We identified eight nursing regulatory documents from the American Nurses Association, Nursing and Midwifery Council and Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. We constructed two major themes that reveal how nursing advocacy and activism are conceived and shaped in regulatory documents. Theme 1, <i>Ideological arena</i> describes the gendered and neoliberal subtexts influencing advocacy and activism. Theme 2, <i>A five-pointed star</i>, describes the shape of advocacy and activism in the regulatory documents.<b>Conclusions:</b> Regulatory documents from the USA, UK and Australia support diplomatic nursing advocacy and activism for people, equity, ourselves (nurses), the profession and systems change. However, more oppositional and disruptive advocacy and activism are potentially constrained by gendered and neoliberal subtexts that depoliticise nurses' roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"9697330241299525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unethical conduct as a multifaceted phenomenon in psychiatric care: Nurse leaders' perspectives.","authors":"Julia Björklund, Jessica Hemberg","doi":"10.1177/09697330241299523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330241299523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Mental healthcare can be considered a unique practice due to its ethical characteristics, and an awareness of ethics is crucial when working in a mental health setting. Several ethical challenges exist, and professionals may not always recognize the ethical aspects of psychiatric care. Research on psychiatric care from nurse leaders' perspective is scarce but important, because nurse leaders can impact and cultivate workplace culture. <b>Aim:</b> To explore the phenomenon of unethical conduct in a psychiatric inpatient context from nurse leaders' perspectives. <b>Research design:</b> Qualitative exploratory design. In-depth semi-structured interviews. <b>Participants and research context:</b> Eight nurse leaders from two different healthcare organizations in Finland. Leadership experience ranged between 2 and 30 years. <b>Ethical considerations:</b> Research ethics permission was received from a Research Ethics Board where the researchers are domiciled. Guidelines on good scientific practice as delineated by the Finnish Advisory Board on Research Integrity TENK were followed. <b>Findings:</b> Six main categories were generated: Unethical conduct and violations against patients, Unethical conduct and violations against staff, Unethical conduct and violations by staff against other staff, Unethical conduct and violations against leaders, Reasons underlying unethical conduct, and Consequences of unethical conduct and the positive development of psychiatric care. <b>Conclusions:</b> Unethical conduct was seen to be a multifaceted phenomenon, and patients and staff alike can experience and engage in unethical conduct. Unethical conduct against patients was linked to power imbalance (nature of involuntary care, staff attitudes) and a focus on rules based in historical precedent (paternalistic, routine-focused, not patient-centered). Unethical conduct against staff was linked to the nature of involuntary care and patient ill-health. Unethical conduct by staff against other staff was linked to a lack of understanding for others' work, interpersonal chemistry, (length of) work experience, and staff character. Unethical conduct against leaders was linked to leaders being perceived as the organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"9697330241299523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses: A scoping review.","authors":"Nada Ammari, Abdellah Gantare","doi":"10.1177/09697330241296875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330241296875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nursing shortages and turnover pose significant challenges for health organizations worldwide, driven by various organizational and individual factors. Ethical climate has emerged as a critical aspect influencing nurses' well-being and retention within healthcare settings, reflecting organizational practices with moral implications. Understanding the relationship between ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses is paramount for practitioners, managers, and policymakers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review aimed to examine evidence and synthesize findings from prior studies on the association between ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses and identify key variables influencing its dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review methodology was employed, encompassing studies retrieved up to February 2024 from major scientific databases, including PUBMED/MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, and SCIENCE DIRECT. This study was conducted following ethical considerations and sound scientific guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Overall, a significant association between ethical climate and turnover intention was observed, with theoretical underpinnings demonstrated. Key variables frequently linked to both ethical climate and turnover intention included organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and moral distress, while organizational commitment, organizational cynicism, and organizational trust emerged as mediators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite demonstrating a clear association, results underscore the necessity for replication studies, qualitative and longitudinal approaches, and standardized measurement. Enhancing the ethical climate through regular assessments, education, and interprofessional collaboration can improve retention. Future research should focus on theory building, ethical management and leadership, associated factors analysis, and intervention studies to develop comprehensive models and effective strategies for improving the ethical climate and reducing nurse turnover.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"9697330241296875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical aspects of technologies of surveillance in mental health inpatient settings - Enabling or undermining the therapeutic nurse/patient relationship?","authors":"Jenny Revel, Kris Deering, Ann Gallagher","doi":"10.1177/09697330241237354","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330241237354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses' ethical responsibilities: Whistleblowing and advocacy in patient safety.","authors":"Ateya Megahed Ibrahim","doi":"10.1177/09697330241235306","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330241235306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, nurses play a crucial role as ethical stewards, responsible for whistleblowing, nurse advocacy, and patient safety. Their duties involve ensuring patient well-being through ethical practices and advocacy initiatives.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigates the ethical responsibilities of nurses regarding whistleblowing and advocacy in reporting concerns about patient safety.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>A cross-sectional study utilized cluster and simple random sampling to gather a representative sample of actively practicing registered nurses. Data collection involved a demographic form, Nurse Whistleblowing Intentions Scale, Nursing Advocacy Scale, and Clinical Decision-Making Scale.</p><p><strong>Participants and research context: </strong>The study utilizing a robust sample size determination formula for reliable findings included 96 diverse nurses, predominantly females. Engaged actively in direct patient care across various outpatients clinics. The recruitment process specifically sought individuals with expertise in safety protocols and reporting, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the study's focus.</p><p><strong>Ethical considerations: </strong>Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the university and the hospitals involved. Written consent was obtained from the participants. A thorough ethical review was conducted to guarantee participant protection and adherence to ethical principles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surveyed nurses demonstrated positive whistleblowing (Overall Mean Score: 3.58), high advocacy (Overall Mean Score: 12.2), and nuanced ethical decision-making for patient safety (Overall Mean Score: 15.78). Demographic factors, such as nationality and ethical training, significantly impacted whistleblowing intentions, while age, gender, and ethical training correlated with nursing advocacy behavior. Associations with experience and qualification emerged in ethical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The gained insights foster targeted interventions, improving ethical practices, advocacy, and informed decision-making in nursing. This study explores the intricate link between demographics and ethical considerations among surveyed nurses, acting as a catalyst for ongoing initiatives to strengthen the ethical foundation in healthcare sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1289-1314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational silence and hidden threats to patients' dignity with schizophrenia: A qualitative study.","authors":"Elham Amiri, Hossein Ebrahimi, Hossein Habibzadeh, Rahim Baghaei","doi":"10.1177/09697330241262312","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330241262312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maintaining patients' dignity is a key ethical requirement in healthcare and is emphasized in nursing standards. This issue is particularly significant for patients with schizophrenia because they face unique challenges such as physical and psychological difficulties, dependence on others, and social isolation, making them more vulnerable. Organizational factors can either threaten or preserve their dignity. However, there is little knowledge in this domain within the sociocultural context of Iran.</p><p><strong>Research objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the role of the healthcare organization in the dignity of patients with schizophrenia, based on the opinions of patients, healthcare personnel, and family caregivers.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>This qualitative study was conducted with 26 participants (16 patients, 4 family caregivers, 2 nurses, 3 psychologists, and 1 service worker) who were selected using a purposeful sampling method. The data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews until data saturation was reached. The data were analyzed via Graneheim and Lundman's method.</p><p><strong>Ethical considerations: </strong>The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSU.REC.1401.099).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Based on data analysis, participants reported the three following challenges as organizational hidden threats to patients' dignity: \"Lack of facilities,\" \"premature management,\" and \"ineffective communication.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings indicated that the healthcare organization does not support the dignity of patients. Management inefficiency and lack of facilities are evident in psychiatric hospitals, and healthcare centers are not monitored based on standard criteria. Limited interactions between healthcare personnel and patients were identified as the main reasons for the neglect of patients with schizophrenia and the violation of their dignity. The results of this study can help healthcare policymakers in designing and implementing effective programs to preserve the dignity of patients with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1205-1219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between nurses' moral courage and whistleblowing approaches.","authors":"Şerife Yılmaz, Gamze Özbek Güven","doi":"10.1177/09697330241230686","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330241230686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whistleblowing is an action that particularly requires moral courage. Understanding the relationship between nurses' levels of moral courage and their whistleblowing approaches is important for reducing adverse situations in healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to understand and analyze the relationship between nurses' levels of moral courage and their whistleblowing approaches.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>This is a descriptive and correlational study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study sample consists of 582 nurses actively working in a province in northwest Türkiye. Research data were collected using an Information Form, the Nurses' Moral Courage Scale, and the Whistleblowing Scale.</p><p><strong>Ethical considerations: </strong>Ethical approval from the ethics committee, institutional permission, and informed consent from the participants were obtained for data collection.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Nurses were found to perceive their moral courage as high, and their whistleblowing levels were at a moderate level. There was a significant and moderate relationship between participants' levels of moral courage and whistleblowing levels (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings emphasize the importance of promoting moral courage and creating an appropriate environment for exposing ethical violations. This study can contribute to the development of strategies to enhance nurses' moral courage and foster a more ethical working environment in healthcare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1271-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dignity in people with dementia: A concept analysis.","authors":"Yuchen Zhang, Jennifer H Lingler, Catherine M Bender, Jennifer B Seaman","doi":"10.1177/09697330241262469","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330241262469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dignity, an abstract and complex concept, is an essential part of humanity and an underlying guiding principle in healthcare. Previous literature indicates dignity is compromised in people with dementia (PwD), but those PwD maintain the capacity to live with dignity with appropriate external support. Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) lead to progressive functional decline and increased vulnerability and dependence, leading to heightened risks of PwD receiving inappropriate or insufficient care that diminishes dignity. Considering the increased disease prevalence and the continuously escalating costs of dementia care, establishing a productive value-based guideline may prevent suffering, maximize dignity, and thus promote quality of life (QoL).<b>Aim:</b> The goal of this project is to identify actionable targets for integrating dignity harmoniously and practically into care planning and management for PwD.<b>Research Design:</b> We conducted a concept analysis using Walker and Avant's eight-step process. A comprehensive literature search was conducted (PubMed and CINAHL) with the keywords \"dignity,\" \"dementia,\" \"Alzheimer's disease,\" and \"dementia care.\"<b>Results:</b> A total of 42 out of 4910 publications were included. The concept of dignity in PwD is operationalized as the promotion of worthiness and the accordance of respect that allows the presence and expression of a person's sense of self, regardless of physical, mental, or cognitive health. The concept has two subdimensions: absolute dignity which encompasses the inherent self and relative dignity characterized by its dynamic reflective nature. Worthiness and respect are the two main attributes, while autonomy is an underlying component of dignity. Specific antecedents of dignity in PwD are empowerment, non-maleficence, and adaptive environmental scaffolding. As a consequence of facilitating dignity in PwD, QoL may be enhanced.<b>Conclusion:</b> As a foundational and necessary humanistic value, incorporating dignity into dementia care can lead to efficient and effective care that optimizes QoL in PwD throughout their disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1220-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managerial ethical principles and behaviours for nurse managers: A Delphi method.","authors":"Güzin Ayan, Ülkü Baykal","doi":"10.1177/09697330231197709","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09697330231197709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Managerial ethical principles and behaviours guide the roles, duties, responsibilities, behaviours, and relationships of nurse managers in healthcare institutions.</p><p><strong>Research objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to establish the managerial ethical principles and behaviours for nurse managers.</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>What are the managerial ethical principles and behaviours for nurse managers?</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>The Delphi method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this study. The Delphi process consisted of two rounds. Data were collected by e-Delphi technique.</p><p><strong>Participations: </strong>42 experts were included in the first Delphi round and 39 in the second Delphi round. These experts consisted of nurse managers, academicians studying in the field of ethics and nursing management.</p><p><strong>Ethical considerations: </strong>Participation in the study was voluntary and informed consent of the experts was obtained before the study. Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the university at which the researcher worked (Approval date: 24.07.2020, Decision No: 2020/12-16).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>At the end of the Delphi rounds, eight managerial ethical principles and 29 ethical behaviours of these principles were identified. The distribution of these behaviours and principles were: justice (six behaviours), equality (two behaviours), honesty (two behaviours), fairness (two behaviours), responsibility (eight behaviours), confidentiality (two behaviours), clarity (two behaviours), and humanity (five behaviours).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These managerial ethical principles and behaviours are intended to guide nurse managers when providing nursing services but should be updated accordingly in line with changing conditions and developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49729,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1330-1348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}