Klabat Accounting Review最新文献

{"title":"ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFITABILITY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF COMPANIES IN THE INTRODUCTION AND MATURE PHASES","authors":"Hanna Wijaya, Rita Juliana","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.1013.132-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.1013.132-143","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous empirical studies have consistently highlighted a significant inverse correlation between a firm's profitability and its choice of capital structure, aligning with the pecking-order theory, primarily attributed to information asymmetry dynamics. Cooney & Kalay (1993) extended this theory with the concept of a generalized pecking order, elucidating a shift in the theory's relevance when information asymmetry is influenced more by uncertainties related to growth rather than asset composition. This study employs the two-phase company cycle framework introduced by (Dickinson, 2011), distinguishing between the introductory and maturity phases, which are known to exhibit distinct patterns of information asymmetry. Through empirical analysis, we evaluate the applicability of the pecking-order theory in explaining the interplay between profitability and capital structure, incorporating the notion of a generalized pecking order. Our research findings underscore that the pecking-order theory holds limited relevance during the introductory phase but gains significance during the maturity phase, particularly in elucidating the relationship between profitability and capital structure. During the introductory phase, we observed a positive association between profitability and debt issuance, while profitability exhibited a negative association with equity issuance.
 Keywords: Capital Structure, Firm life cycle, Information Asymmetry, Pecking Order, Profitability
 Banyak studi empiris telah secara konsisten menyoroti hubungan terbalik yang signifikan antara profitabilitas perusahaan dan pilihan struktur modalnya, sesuai dengan teori pecking-order, yang utamanya disebabkan oleh dinamika asimetri informasi. Cooney & Kalay (1993) memperluas teori ini dengan konsep pecking order yang umum, mengungkapkan pergeseran dalam relevansi teori tersebut ketika asimetri informasi lebih dipengaruhi oleh ketidakpastian pertumbuhan daripada komposisi aset. Studi ini menggunakan kerangka kerja siklus perusahaan dua tahap yang diperkenalkan oleh Dickinson (2011), membedakan antara fase pengenalan dan kematangan, yang dikenal memiliki pola asimetri informasi yang berbeda. Melalui analisis empiris, kami mengevaluasi aplikabilitas teori pecking-order dalam menjelaskan hubungan antara profitabilitas dan struktur modal, dengan menggabungkan gagasan pecking order yang umum. Temuan penelitian kami menekankan bahwa teori pecking-order memiliki relevansi terbatas selama fase pengenalan tetapi menjadi lebih signifikan selama fase kematangan, terutama dalam menjelaskan hubungan antara profitabilitas dan struktur modal. Selama fase pengenalan, kami mengamati hubungan positif antara profitabilitas dan penerbitan utang, sementara profitabilitas menunjukkan hubungan negatif dengan penerbitan ekuitas.
 Kata kunci: Struktur Modal, Siklus Hidup Perusahaan, Informasi Asimetris, Pecking order, Profitabilitas","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HARMONIZATION OF TAX REGULATION LAW ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF INDONESIA","authors":"Anisa Putri Nurdian, Dian Nirmala Dewi, Eksa Ridwansyah","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.993.123-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.993.123-131","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze whether there are significant differences in Indonesia's economic growth before and after the enactment of the COGS Law. The method used in this research is using SPSS tool testing parametric statistical difference test with Paired Sample T Test. Based on the calculation of descriptive statistical analysis shows that the enactment of the COGS Law has an impact on Indonesia's economic growth, namely increasing the average economic growth of Indonesia from 0.62% before the enactment of the COGS Law to 1.00% after the enactment of the COGS Law. The Paired Sample T Test results show that economic growth in the Paired Sample T Test has a Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 or 0.05, which means that Indonesia's Economic Growth after the enactment of the COGS Law has a significant difference. The results of this study prove that one of the objectives of the COGS Law is achieved, namely to increase growth and support the acceleration of economic recovery.
 Keywords: economic growth, gross domestic product, harmonization of tax regulation law
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa apakah terdapat perbedaan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang signifikan pada masa sebelum dan setelah pemberlakuan UU HPP. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan alat SPSS pengujian uji beda statistik parametrik dengan Paired Sample T Test. Berdasarkan perhitungan analisis statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa pemberlakuan UU HPP memiliki dampak terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yaitu meningkatkan rata rata pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia dari yang sebelum pemberlakuan UU HPP sebesar 0,62% menjadi 1,00% setelah pemberlakuan UU HPP. Hasil uji Paired Sampel T Test menunjukkan pertumbuhan ekonomi pada uji Paired Sampel T Test memiliki hasil Sig. (2-tailed) sejumlah 0,000 atau 0.05 yang berarti Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia setelah pemberlakuan UU HPP terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa salah satu tujuan UU HPP tercapai yaitu untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan mendukung percepatan pemulihan perekonomian.
 Kata kunci: pertumbuhan ekonomi, produk domestik bruto, undang undang harmonisasi peraturan perpajakan","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE LINK OF CURRENT RATIO, BENCHMARK COAL PRICE, RETURN ON ASSETS, AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TO CASH HOLDING: THE CASE OF ADARO ENERGY TBK IN 2018 – 2022","authors":"William Ben Gunawan","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.991.79-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.991.79-87","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern era of financial management, effective cash management plays a critical role in ensuring the stability and growth of companies across various industries. Understanding the factors that influence cash holdings has become a subject of substantial interest for researchers and practitioners alike. This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between four key financial variables, namely the current ratio, coal price index, debt to equity ratio, and return on assets, and their impact on the cash holding decisions of PT Adaro Energy Indonesia during the 2018 – 2022 financial years. By examining these interrelated factors, this paper offers valuable insights into the dynamics of corporate cash management, providing a foundation for strategic financial planning and decision-making. The results of the study found that all independent variables have a simultaneous but no partial effect on cash holding.
 Keywords: benchmark coal price, cash holding, current ratio, debt to equity, return on asset
 Di era modern manajemen keuangan, manajemen kas yang efektif memainkan peran penting dalam memastikan stabilitas dan pertumbuhan perusahaan di berbagai industri. Memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepemilikan uang tunai telah menjadi subjek yang sangat menarik bagi para peneliti dan praktisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan rumit antara empat variabel keuangan utama, yaitu rasio lancar, indeks harga batubara, rasio utang terhadap ekuitas, dan pengembalian aset, dan dampaknya terhadap keputusan kepemilikan kas PT Adaro Energy Indonesia Tbk pada tahun 2018 – 2022. Dengan memeriksa faktor-faktor yang saling terkait ini, makalah ini menawarkan wawasan berharga tentang dinamika manajemen kas perusahaan, memberikan landasan bagi perencanaan keuangan strategis dan pengambilan keputusan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa semua variabel independen memiliki efek simultan tetapi tidak parsial terhadap kepemilikan kas.
 Kata Kunci: harga batubara acuan, kepemilikan kas, rasio lancar, debt to equity, return on asset","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLEMENTATION CALCULATION COST OF PRODUCTION MANGGAR CRACKERS AT UD. KARYA USAHA","authors":"Achmad Wicaksono, Anggita Nur Oktavia","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.995.117-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.995.117-122","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to find out how to calculate the cost of production manggar crackers to determine the selling price of products at UD. Karya Usaha. The research uses qualitative methods. The researchers collected data through interviews, documentation, and observations. Interviews were conducted with key informants, namely the owner of UD. Karya Usaha and two employees help with the manggar crackers production process. The research results show that so far MSMEs have carried out manual calculations of the cost of production by adding up raw material costs, employee salary costs, and other costs related to the production process. Through these calculations, business actors can more accurately determine the selling price of manggar crackers.
 Keywords: Cost of Production, Manggar Crackers, UD. Karya Usaha
 Riset ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi perhitungan harga pokok produksi kerupuk manggar guna menentukan harga jual produk di UD. Karya Usaha. Riset ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Peneliti mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Wawancara dilaksanakan dengan informan kunci yakni pemilik UD. Karya Usaha dan dua orang karyawan yang membantu proses produksi kerupuk manggar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama ini pelaku UMKM telah melaksanakan perhitungan harga pokok produksi secara manual dengan cara menjumlahkan biaya bahan baku, biaya gaji karyawan dan biaya lainnya yang berkaitan dengan proses produksi. Melalui perhitungan tersebut, pemilik dapat menentukan harga jual kerupuk manggar secara lebih akurat.
 Kata kunci: Harga Pokok Produksi, Kerupuk Manggar, UD. Karya Usaha
","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF TAX KNOWLEDGE ON WILLINGNESS TO PAY TAXES WITH AWARENESS OF PAYING TAXES AS A MODERATING VARIABLE","authors":"Vina Alviani, Analisa Analisa, Yusri Yusri, Nadya Novianty","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.1001.101-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.1001.101-116","url":null,"abstract":"Taxes play an important role in contribututing to state revenue, more than 80% of state revenue currently comes from taxes. This research aims to see the effect of tax knowledge on the willingness to pay taxes with awareness of paying taxes as a moderating variable. This type of research is quantitative research with a questionnaire as an instrument for collecting data. The population in this study are individual taxpayers of PPh Article 21 who live in the city of Banjarmasin. The sampling technique used was random sampling with the Slovin formula so that a sample of 100 was obtained. The data analysis technique used simple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis test. The results of this study indicate that tax knowledge has a significant effect on the willingness to pay taxes. Awareness of paying taxes strengthens the relationship between tax knowledge and willingness to pay taxes as a moderating variable.
 Keywords: Awareness of paying taxes, Knowledge of taxation, PPh 21, Willingness to pay taxes
 Pajak berperan penting dalam kontribusi penerimaan negara, lebih dari 80% penerimaan negara saat ini bersumber dari pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pengetahuan perpajakan terhadap kemauan membayar pajak dengan kesadaran membayar pajak sebagai variabel moderasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan kuesioner sebagai instrument untuk mengumpulkan data. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wajib pajak orang pribadi PPh pasal 21 yang berdomisili di kota Banjarmasin. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu random sampling dengan rumus slovin sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 100. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dan uji moderated regression analysis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan perpajakan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemauan membayar pajak. Kesadaran membayar pajak memperkuat hubungan pengetahuan perpajakan terhadap kemauan membayar pajak sebagai variabel moderasi.
 Kata kunci: Kesadaran Membayar Pajak, Pengetahuan Perpajakan, PPh 21, Kemauan membayar pajak","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF LEVERAGE, LIQUIDITY ON AUDITOR’S GOING CONCERN IN MANUFACTURING","authors":"Ferencia Friscila Langoy, Lenny L Evinita, Mareyke G. V. Sumual","doi":"10.60090/kar.v4i2.1011.88-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60090/kar.v4i2.1011.88-100","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of conducting this research is to analyze whether Leverage and Liquidity affect Going Concern Audit Opinions in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2018-2021. The population of this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2021 with a population of 193 companies. Based on the purposive sampling method, a sample of 40 companies was obtained which was multiplied by 4 years of research, so that a sample of research data was obtained, namely 160 research data. This study uses a quantitative approach with data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that partially Leverage and Liquidity affect the Going Concern Audit Opinion. As well as simultaneously, Leverage and Liquidity affect the Going Concern Audit Opinion. The implications of these findings are that manufacturing company management should pay attention to their levels of Leverage and Liquidity, as these factors can affect the auditor's assessment regarding the company's going concern. Additionally, regulators and other stakeholders can use these findings as a basis to consider better policies for regulating companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) to enhance the transparency and reliability of their financial reports.
 Keywords: Audit Opinion, Going Concern, Leverage, Liquidity
 Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk menganalisis apakah Leverage dan Likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018-2021 dengan jumlah populasi 193 perusahaan. Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling diperoleh sampel 40 perusahaan dikalikan dengan 4 tahun penelitian, sehingga diperoleh sampel data penelitian yaitu 160 data penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Leverage dan Likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern. Serta secara simultan, Leverage dan Likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah bahwa manajemen perusahaan manufaktur harus memperhatikan tingkat Leverage dan Likuiditas mereka, karena faktor-faktor ini dapat memengaruhi penilaian auditor terkait dengan kelangsungan usaha perusahaan. Selain itu, regulator dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya dapat menggunakan temuan ini sebagai dasar untuk mempertimbangkan kebijakan yang lebih baik dalam mengatur perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI guna meningkatkan transparansi dan keandalan laporan keuangan mereka.
 Kata kunci: Opini Audit, Going Concern, Leverage, Likuiditas","PeriodicalId":497183,"journal":{"name":"Klabat Accounting Review","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}