Reviews in Fisheries Science最新文献_第3页

Stock Enhancement in Greenlip Abalone Part II: Population and Ecological Effects 绿唇鲍鱼种群数量的增加。第二部分:种群与生态效应

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.812505

A. Hart, F. Fabris, Lachlan W. S. Strain, M. Davidson, Jamin Brown

{"title":"Stock Enhancement in Greenlip Abalone Part II: Population and Ecological Effects","authors":"A. Hart, F. Fabris, Lachlan W. S. Strain, M. Davidson, Jamin Brown","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","url":null,"abstract":"A series of stock enhancement experiments were carried out on Haliotis laevigata populations. Methodologies included a large-scale BACI (before, after, control, impact) experiment (42 sites); a carrying capacity experiment, which involved a high-density release at two sites; and a detailed survey of abalone populations and ecological parameters. Increased densities were detected for most age classes, although fishing mortality began obscuring the effect by age 5+. Age-4+ animals showed the clearest result, with no difference between enhanced and control sites at 6, 12, and 18 months post-release, and then a 300% increase at enhanced sites at 30 months post-release. Overall, a single release of age-1+ animals in May 2006 had doubled the total density by November 2008. In the carrying capacity experiment, densities initially increased rapidly (by up to 800%) but had stabilized at a 400% increase after 2.5 years, at around 8 per m2. This was the predicted carrying capacity, with the enhanced cohort representing 50% of the population. A PERMANOVA (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) analysis of ecological similarity detected no effect of enhancement, although changes in algal percent of coverage were detected at both control and enhanced sites. Overall, this study suggests that as long as release densities are controlled within natural limits, successful stock enhancement can be attained for this species with minimal ecological impacts.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59681433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Translocation of Wild Trochus niloticus: Prospects for Enhancing Depleted Philippine Reefs 野生niloticus的易位:改善枯竭菲律宾珊瑚礁的前景

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.800773

Roger G. Dolorosa, A. Grant, J. Gill

引用次数: 9

Catch Fluctuation of Kuruma Prawn, Penaeus japonicus in Japan Relative to Ocean Climate Variability and a Stock Enhancement Program 海洋气候变化对日本沼虾渔获量波动的影响及种群增加计划

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.800781

K. Hamasaki, S. Kitada

{"title":"Catch Fluctuation of Kuruma Prawn, Penaeus japonicus in Japan Relative to Ocean Climate Variability and a Stock Enhancement Program","authors":"K. Hamasaki, S. Kitada","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","url":null,"abstract":"The kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific. The Japanese stock enhancement program, which produces and releases juvenile kuruma prawns into their natural habitat, started in 1964 and has expanded throughout Japan. The annual number of juveniles released ranged from approximately 240 to 300 million until the mid-1990s but then decreased steadily to approximately 105 million in 2008. National annual landings of kuruma prawns recovered to a record of 3,741 t in 1985 from 1,263 t in 1970 but then declined steadily to the historical minimum of 726 t in 2008. Thus, kuruma prawn catches have decreased dramatically despite the release of juveniles. The aim of this study is to analyze the catch fluctuation of kuruma prawns relative to ocean climate variability and the stock enhancement program. The effects of ocean climate on kuruma prawn stock sizes were evaluated by generalised additive models (GAMs). In the GAMs, catch-per-unit effort and catch data transformed to reduce the dependence of the amplitude of the catch fluctuation on the level of the catch were used as response variables, and three indices for ocean current conditions were used as explanatory variables: the Oyashio (cold current), the Kuroshio (warm current), and the Tsushima Warm Current. The GAM analysis suggested that kuruma prawn stock sizes declined during the period with a strong warm current intensity, and 42 mark-recapture surveys indicated an estimated average yield per release of 0.9 g. Our analysis highlights the fluctuation of kuruma prawn stocks with ocean climate variability and indicates that the stock enhancement program could have an impact on kuruma prawn catches depending on the magnitude of the releases. Ocean climate change, decreased fishing effort, and reduced hatchery releases could be responsible for the recent decline in kuruma prawn catches in Japanese waters.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59681213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Traceability Issues in the Trade of Marine Ornamental Species 海洋观赏物种贸易中的可追溯性问题

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.760522

F. P. Cohen, W. Valenti, R. Calado

{"title":"Traceability Issues in the Trade of Marine Ornamental Species","authors":"F. P. Cohen, W. Valenti, R. Calado","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the trade of marine ornamental species has experienced a significant expansion worldwide; however, this industry still relies on a large number of unsustainable practices (e.g., cyanide fishing, overexploitation of target species) and needs to shift its operations urgently to avoid collapsing. Under this scenario, traceability and certification emerge as important management tools that may help this industry to shift toward sustainability. This industry relies on the trade of thousands of small-sized species that are traded live on a unitary basis with high market value. These features, along with a fragmented and complex supply chain, make the traceability of marine ornamental species a challenging task. This study presents the most commonly used methods to trace aquatic organisms and discusses their suitability to trace marine ornamental species. The use of bacterial fingerprints appears to be the most promising method to successfully trace marine ornamentals, but it is most likely that a combination of two or more traceability methods need to be implemented to cover all the unique features displayed by the live trade of marine ornamental species.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

Hindcasts and Future Projections of Global Inland and Coastal Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loads Due to Finfish Aquaculture 全球内陆和沿海水产养殖氮磷负荷的预测和未来预测

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.790340

A. Bouwman, A. Beusen, C. Overbeek, D. Bureau, M. Pawłowski, P. Glibert

{"title":"Hindcasts and Future Projections of Global Inland and Coastal Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loads Due to Finfish Aquaculture","authors":"A. Bouwman, A. Beusen, C. Overbeek, D. Bureau, M. Pawłowski, P. Glibert","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","url":null,"abstract":"A global model is used to calculate feed and nutrient budgets for freshwater and marine omnivorous and carnivorous aquacultural finfish production. The model uses national production data for the period 1970–2010 and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenarios for production and management for 2010–2050. Results indicate that annual nutrient release to the freshwater (1.2 million tonnes of N and 0.1 million tonnes of P in 2010) and marine aquatic environments (0.3 million tonnes of N and 0.05 million tonnes of P) increased less rapidly than fish production, mainly due to improving feed conversion. In the coming five decades, annual nutrient release to freshwater environments may increase to 1.5–2.1 million tonnes of N and 0.1–0.2 million tonnes of P, depending on the production scenario and assumptions on feed conversion and the share of integrated aquacultural production. At present, the global contribution of freshwater aquaculture to nutrient loading of rivers is small. This is the same conclusion reached for the assessment of nutrient export from shellfish aquaculture (Bouwman et al., 2011). However, particularly in Asia, nutrient loading from freshwater fish production and from seaweed and shellfish production is an important factor that should be accounted for when developing models for estimating river nutrient export. Compared to chicken meat and egg production, freshwater aquaculture is a rapidly growing and important cause of the anthropogenic acceleration of the N and P cycles in many parts of the world, and this is especially pronounced in Asia.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

Determination of L max for Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), from Meta-Analysis of Published and Available Biometric Data 大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus thynnus (L.)) lmax的测定——来自已发表和可获得的生物特征数据的荟萃分析

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.793284

J. L. Cort, S. Deguara, T. Galaz, B. Mèlich, I. Artetxe, I. Arregi, J. Neilson, I. Andrushchenko, A. Hanke, Miguel Neves dos Santos, V. Estruch, M. Lutcavage, J. Knapp, G. Compeán-Jiménez, R. Solana-Sansores, A. Belmonte, D. Martínez, C. Piccinetti, A. Kimoto, P. Addis, M. Velasco, J. M. de la Serna, D. Godoy, Tevfik Ceyhan, I. Oray, S. Karakulak, L. Nøttestad, A. López, Oriol Ribalta, N. Abid, M. Idrissi

{"title":"Determination of L max for Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), from Meta-Analysis of Published and Available Biometric Data","authors":"J. L. Cort, S. Deguara, T. Galaz, B. Mèlich, I. Artetxe, I. Arregi, J. Neilson, I. Andrushchenko, A. Hanke, Miguel Neves dos Santos, V. Estruch, M. Lutcavage, J. Knapp, G. Compeán-Jiménez, R. Solana-Sansores, A. Belmonte, D. Martínez, C. Piccinetti, A. Kimoto, P. Addis, M. Velasco, J. M. de la Serna, D. Godoy, Tevfik Ceyhan, I. Oray, S. Karakulak, L. Nøttestad, A. López, Oriol Ribalta, N. Abid, M. Idrissi","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","url":null,"abstract":"A meta-analysis of the straight fork lengths (herewith abbreviated as L) of 2,458,028 Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), taken from 224 scientific publications and unpublished L data from scientific organizations and fishing companies spanning most of the known Atlantic and Mediterranean Atlantic bluefin tuna fisheries dating from 1605 to 2011, give L values ranging from L min = 20 cm and L max = 330 cm. The results indicate that the parameter L ∞ = 318.85 cm of the growth equation used by ICCAT's Standing Committee on Research and Statistics Atlantic bluefin tuna assessment group for the eastern stock (Lt = 318.85 [1 – e−0.093 (t + 0.97)]) lies within the confidence limits of the maximum Ls presented in the study: L max = 319.93 ± 11.3 cm, confirming that this equation perfectly fits the biology of the growth of this species. These conclusions are also valid for the equation for the western stock (Lt = 314.90 [1 – e−0.089 (t +1.13)]). The ICCAT Atlantic bluefin tuna database contains numerous records of Atlantic bluefin tuna L outside the biological feasibility, and solutions are provided to recognize and remove these outliers based on the application of fixed values of Fulton's condition factor (K) between 1.4 and 2.6 and appropriate L-W relationships to correct this situation in the future.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Management and Monitoring of Deep-Water Stocks, Fisheries, and Ecosystems in Various Areas of the World—A Roadmap Toward Sustainable Deep-Water Fisheries in the Northeast Atlantic? 世界不同地区深水种群、渔业和生态系统管理与监测的优势与不足——东北大西洋深水渔业可持续发展路线图?

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.785475

P. Large, D. Agnew, José Angel Alvarez Perez, C. Barrio Froján, R. Cloete, D. Damalas, L. Dransfeld, C. Edwards, S. Feist, I. Figueiredo, F. González, J. G. Herrera, A. Kenny, K. Jakobsdóttir, M. Longshaw, P. Lorance, P. Marchal, C. Mytilineou, B. Planque, Chrissi-Yianna Politou

{"title":"Strengths and Weaknesses of the Management and Monitoring of Deep-Water Stocks, Fisheries, and Ecosystems in Various Areas of the World—A Roadmap Toward Sustainable Deep-Water Fisheries in the Northeast Atlantic?","authors":"P. Large, D. Agnew, José Angel Alvarez Perez, C. Barrio Froján, R. Cloete, D. Damalas, L. Dransfeld, C. Edwards, S. Feist, I. Figueiredo, F. González, J. G. Herrera, A. Kenny, K. Jakobsdóttir, M. Longshaw, P. Lorance, P. Marchal, C. Mytilineou, B. Planque, Chrissi-Yianna Politou","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific interest in deep-water marine resources has increased dramatically over the last 10–20 years as management bodies have sought advice on how to manage deep-water fisheries and protect deep-water ecosystems. The strengths and weaknesses of the management and monitoring of deep-water stocks, fisheries, and ecosystems in various areas of the world are described, with the objective of informing the EU FP7 DEEPFISHMAN project so that it can fulfill its primary aim, which is to develop strategic options for a short- and long-term management and monitoring ecosystem-based framework for the northeast Atlantic. To provide a baseline, the current monitoring and management regime in the northeast Atlantic is reviewed, followed by a brief description of the regimes applying to deep-water fisheries in the northwest Atlantic, the southeast Atlantic, off Brazil, in the Antarctic, off Australia and New Zealand, and in the Mediterranean. The strengths and weaknesses of these are discussed, taking into account additional information available from DEEPFISHMAN case study stocks, outcomes from consultations with stakeholders in the deep-water fishing industry in the northeast Atlantic, and the requirements of EU regulations and developing policy that will likely impact deep-water fisheries in the northeast Atlantic.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

The Recovery of Atlantic Swordfish: The Comparative Roles of the Regional Fisheries Management Organization and Species Biology 大西洋剑鱼的恢复:区域渔业管理组织和物种生物学的比较作用

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.754842

J. Neilson, F. Arocha, S. Cass-Calay, J. Mejuto, M. Ortiz, G. Scott, Craig Smith, P. Travassos, G. Tserpes, I. Andrushchenko

{"title":"The Recovery of Atlantic Swordfish: The Comparative Roles of the Regional Fisheries Management Organization and Species Biology","authors":"J. Neilson, F. Arocha, S. Cass-Calay, J. Mejuto, M. Ortiz, G. Scott, Craig Smith, P. Travassos, G. Tserpes, I. Andrushchenko","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","url":null,"abstract":"Regional fisheries management organizations (RFMO) are often criticized for ineffectual management of high-seas fisheries resources. However, in the case of the two Atlantic swordfish stocks occurring in the North and South Atlantic, those stocks have rebuilt to the BMSY objective of the responsible RFMO, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT). The relative contribution of the management actions of the RFMO and biological characteristics of swordfish stocks are evaluated in relation to the recovery of the stocks. It is concluded that while swordfish have characteristics that promote stock resilience (including relatively fast growth, and spatially- and temporally-dispersed spawning), positive management actions combined with a period of relatively good recruitment were essential to achieve the rebuilt outcome. The challenges that the RFMO faces to maintain the stocks in the rebuilt condition are described, and some possible additional measures discussed.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Fish Matters: Importance of Aquatic Foods in Human Nutrition and Global Food Supply 鱼类问题:水生食品在人类营养和全球食品供应中的重要性

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.753405

A. Tacon, M. Metian

{"title":"Fish Matters: Importance of Aquatic Foods in Human Nutrition and Global Food Supply","authors":"A. Tacon, M. Metian","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","url":null,"abstract":"In a world where nearly 30% of humanity is suffering from malnutrition and over 70% of the planet is covered with water, aquatic foods represent an essential component of the global food basket to improve the nutrition, health, and well being of all peoples. It is not by chance that Japan, the country with one of the world's highest reported life expectancies and lowest incidences of obesity and deaths from heart related illnesses, is also one of the world's top consumers of captured and farmed aquatic animal food products and aquatic plants. According to the FAO, in 2009, total captured and farmed aquatic animal food products accounted for 16.6% of the global population's intake of animal protein, providing more than three billion people with almost 20% of their average per capita intake of animal protein, and 4.3 billion people with at least 15% of such protein. This article reviews the nutritional composition of different farmed and captured aquatic food products and compares these with conventional terrestrial meat products. In addition to the superior nutritional profile and benefits of aquatic animal food products, small-sized marine pelagic fish play an important role in the nutrition of the poor as an affordable and much needed source of high quality animal protein and essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. As one of the best aquatic animal foods from a nutritional perspective, the direct consumption of small pelagic fish should be encouraged and promoted, as apposed to the continued targeted use of these species for reduction into fishmeal and fish oil for use in animal feeds.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 470

Bioeconomics of Grouper, Serranidae: Epinephelinae, Culture in Vietnam 越南石斑鱼科石斑鱼养殖的生物经济学

Reviews in Fisheries Science Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.753403

E. Petersen, Dam Thi My Chinh, N. T. Diu, V. Phuoc, Truong Ha Phuong, N. Dung, Nguyen Khac Dat, P. T. Giang, B. Glencross

{"title":"Bioeconomics of Grouper, Serranidae: Epinephelinae, Culture in Vietnam","authors":"E. Petersen, Dam Thi My Chinh, N. T. Diu, V. Phuoc, Truong Ha Phuong, N. Dung, Nguyen Khac Dat, P. T. Giang, B. Glencross","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents technical and bioeconomic information on culture-based grow-out production of groupers in Vietnam. Grouper farming has good future potential as a viable alternative livelihood for fishers. It is found to be very profitable for cage farmers in northern Vietnam and marginally profitable for cage and pond farmers in central Vietnam. Productivity and total revenue are highest in the north, reflecting relatively high stocking rates, aquaculture area, and harvest prices. Cost per unit production is highest for centrally located cage farmers. The dominant cost sources for these farms are feed (40–60% of total costs) and, to a lesser extent, seed (20%) and labor (12–19%). The feed conversion ratios for these systems, where grouper are fed exclusively low-value finfish, is calculated to be 9 in the north and 12 in the center. It seems that improving the livelihood of grouper farmers in Vietnam is dependent on reducing their dependence on wild stocks for seed and feed, and increasing area and growout time for central farmers. If pellets are to be widely adopted by grouper farmers, perceptions regarding the poor adaptability, relatively slow growth rates compared with low-value finfish, and poor availability of pellets need to be overcome.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12