Sensor Review最新文献

{"title":"Interdigital flexible tactile sensor based on Velostat","authors":"Haifeng Fang, Yangyang Wei, Shuo Dong","doi":"10.1108/sr-01-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-01-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Tactile sensation is an important sensory function for robots in contact with the external environment. To better acquire tactile information about objects, this paper aims to propose a three-layer structure of the interdigital flexible tactile sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The sensor consists of a bottom electrode layer, a middle pressure-sensitive layer and a top indenter layer. First, the pressure sensitive material, structure design, fabrication process and circuit design of the sensor are introduced. Then, the calibration and performance test of the designed sensor is carried out. Four functions are used to fit and calibrate the relationship between the output voltage of the sensor and the contact force. Finally, the contact force sensing test of different weight objects and the flexible test of the sensor are carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The performance test results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.93 V/N when it is loaded with 0–3 N and 0.23 V/N when it is loaded with 3–5 N. It shows good repeatability, and the cross-interference between the sensing units is generally low. The contact force sensing test results of different weight objects show that the proposed sensor performs well in contact force. Each part of the sensor is a flexible material, allowing the sensor to achieve bending deformation, so that the sensor can better perceive the contact signs of the grasped object.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The sensor can paste the surface of the paper robot’s gripper to measure the contact force of the grasping object and estimate the contour of the object.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000In this paper, a three-layer interdigital flexible tactile sensor is proposed, and the structural parameters of the interdigital electrode are designed to improve the sensitivity and response speed of the sensor. The indenter with three shapes of the prism, square cylinder and hemisphere is preliminarily designed and the prism indenter with better conduction force is selected through finite element analysis, which can concentrate the external force in the sensing area to improve the sensitivity. The sensor designed in this paper can realize the measurement of contact force, which provides a certain reference for the field of robot tactile.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44741683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-based resistant sensor decorated with Mn, Co, Cu for nitric oxide detection: Langmuir adsorption & DFT method","authors":"Fatemeh Mollaamin, M. Monajjemi","doi":"10.1108/sr-03-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ability of transition metals (TMs) of iron-, nickel- and zinc-doped graphene nanosheet for adsorption of toxic gas of nitric oxide (NO). The results of this paper have provided a favorable understanding of the interaction between TM-doped graphene nanosheet and NO molecule.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A high performance of TM-doped graphene nanosheet as a gas sensor is demonstrated by modeling the material’s transport characteristics by means of the Langmuir adsorption and three-layered ONIOM/ density functional theory method. The Langmuir adsorption model has been done with a three-layered ONIOM using CAM-B3LYP functional and LANL2DZ and 6–311G (d, p) basis sets by Gaussian 16 revision C.01 program towards the formation of of NO→TM(Mn, Co, Cu)-doped on the Gr nanosheet.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The changes of charge density for Langmuir adsorption of NO on Mn-, Co- and Cu-doped graphene nanosheet orderly have been achieved as: ΔQCo-doped = +0.309 >> ΔQMn-doped = −0.074 > ΔQCu-doped = −0.051. Therefore, the number of changes of charge density have concluded a more remarkable charge transfer for Mn-doped graphene nanosheet. However, based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the sharp peaks around Cu doped on the surface of graphene nanosheet and C19 close to junction of N2 and Co17 have been observed. In addition, Cu-doped graphene sheet has a large effect on bond orbitals of C8–Cu 17, C15–Cu 17 and C16–Cu17 in the adsorption of NO on the Cu-doped/Gr which has shown the maximum occupancy. The amounts of \u0000\u0000ΔGads,NO→Mn−Co through IR computations based on polarizability have exhibited that \u0000\u0000ΔGads,NO→Mn−Co has indicated the most energy gap because of charge density transfer from the nitrogen atom in NO to Mn-doped graphene nanosheet, though \u0000\u0000ΔG(NO→Cu−C)0> \u0000\u0000ΔG(NO→Co−C)0>ΔG(NO→Mn−C)0.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research aims to explore the adsorption of hazardous pollutant gas of “NO” by using carbon nanostructure doped by “TM” of iron, nickel and zinc to evaluate the effectiveness of adsorption parameters of various TM-doped graphene nanosheets.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42114738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hand-eye calibration method for industrial robot and line laser vision sensor","authors":"Xu Jingbo, Li Qiaowei, White Bai","doi":"10.1108/sr-09-2022-0357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-09-2022-0357","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is solving the hand–eye calibration issue for line structured light vision sensor. Only after hand–eye calibration the sensor measurement data can be applied to robot system.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this paper, the hand–eye calibration methods are studied, respectively, for eye-in-hand and eye-to-hand. Firstly, the coordinates of the target point in robot system are obtained by tool centre point (TCP), then the robot is controlled to make the sensor measure the target point in multiple poses and the measurement data and pose data are obtained; finally, the sum of squared calibration errors is minimized by the least square method. Furthermore, the missing vector in the process of solving the transformation matrix is obtained by vector operation, and the complete matrix is obtained.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000On this basis, the sensor measurement data can be easily and accurately converted to the robot coordinate system by matrix operation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This method has no special requirement for robot pose control, and its calibration process is fast and efficient, with high precision and has practical popularized value.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48739007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of magnetostrictive tactile sensor for depth detection","authors":"Ling Weng, Zhuolin Li, Xu Luo, Yuanye Zhang, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1108/sr-01-2022-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-01-2022-0051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to design a magnetostrictive tactile sensor for surface depth detection. Unlike the human finger, although most tactile sensors have high sensitivity to pressure, they cannot detect millimeter-level depth information on the surface of objects precisely. To enhance the ability to detect surface depth information, a piezomagnetic sensor combining inverse magnetostrictive effect and bionic structure is developed in this paper.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A magnetostrictive tactile sensor based on Galfenol [(Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6] is designed and studied for surface depth measurement. The optimal structure of the sensor is determined by experiment and theory. The test platforms for static and dynamic characteristics are set up. The static and the dynamic sensing performance of the sensor are studied experimentally.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The sensor can detect 0–2 mm depth change with a sensitivity of 91.5 mV/mm. A resolution of 50 µm can be achieved in the depth direction. In 50 cycles of loading and unloading tests, the maximum error of the sensor output voltage amplitude is only 2.23%.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The sensor can measure the depth information of object surface precisely with good repeatability through sliding motion and provide reference for object surface topography detection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45558257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an ultrasonic linear encoder","authors":"Chung-Ping Chang, Song-Fu Hong, Tzu-Guang Chen","doi":"10.1108/sr-07-2022-0262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-07-2022-0262","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In this investigation, a linear encoder system based on the ultrasonic transducer has been proposed. Ultrasonic transducers are usually designed for distance measurements, such as the time of flight method and sonar system. These applications are defined as discrete-length measurement technologies. The purpose of this study is to develop a continuous displacement measurement system using ultrasonic transducers.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A modified signal processing based on heterodyne signaling is implemented in this system. In the proposed signal processing, there is an automatic gain control module, a phase-shifting module, a phase detection module, an interpolation module and especially a frequency multiplication module, which can enhance the resolution and reduce the interpolation error simultaneously.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The proposed system can generate the encoding signals and is compatible with most motion control systems. For the experimental result, the maximum measurement error and standard deviation are about −0.027 and 0.048 mm, respectively. It shows that the proposed encoder system has the potential for displacement measurement tasks.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study reveals an ultrasonic linear encoder that is capable of generating an incremental encoding signal, accompanied by a corresponding signal processing methodology. In contrast to the conventional heterodyne signal processing approach, the proposed multiplication method effectively reduces the interpolation error that arises because of multiple reflections.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47330676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-sensor based emergency healthcare monitoring system integrating heart status, stress, and alcohol detections","authors":"Karandeep Kaur, H. Verma","doi":"10.1108/sr-03-2022-0136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2022-0136","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Ubiquitous health-care monitoring systems can provide continuous surveillance to a person using various sensors, including wearables and implantable and fabric-woven sensors. By assessing the state of many physiological characteristics of the patient’s body, continuous monitoring can assist in preparing for the impending emergency. To address this issue, this study aims to propose a health-care system that integrates the treatment of the impending heart, stress and alcohol emergencies. For this purpose, this study uses readings from sensors used for electrocardiography, heart rate, respiration rate, blood alcohol content percentage and blood pressure of a patient’s body.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000For heart status, stress level and alcohol detection, the parametric values obtained from these sensors are preprocessed and further divided into four, five and six phases, respectively. A final integrated emergency stage is derived from the stages that were interpreted to examine at a person’s state of emergency. A thorough analysis of the proposed model is carried out using four classification techniques, including decision trees, support vector machines, k nearest neighbors and ensemble classifiers. For all of the aforementioned detections, four metrics are used to evaluate performance: classification accuracy, precision, recall and fmeasure.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Eventually, results are validated against the existing health-care systems. The empirical results received reveal that the proposed model outperforms the existing health-care models in the context of metrics above for different detections taken into consideration.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study proposes a health-care system capable of performing data processing using wearable sensors. It is of great importance for real-time systems. This study assures the originality of the proposed system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43057481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A flexible pressure sensor with interference immunity capability","authors":"Huan Liu, Rui Wang, Junyao Wang, Xingyu Chen, Yunpeng Li, Bowen Cui, Tianhong Lang, Weihua Zhu","doi":"10.1108/sr-12-2021-0487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-12-2021-0487","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Flexible pressure sensor arrays have promising applications in analog haptics, reconfiguration of sensory functions, artificial intelligence, wearable devices and human-computer interaction. The force disturbance generated by the connecting material between the sensor array units will reduce the detection accuracy of the unit. The purpose of this paper is to propose a flexible pressure sensor with interference immunity capability. A C-type bridge flexible piezoelectric structure is used to improve the pressure perturbation. The interference immunity capability of the sensor has been improved.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this paper, a C-type pressure sensor array structure by rapid injection moulding is manufactured through the positive piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material. The feasibility of C-type interference immunity structure in a flexible sensor array is verified by further analysis and experiment. A flexible pressure sensor array with C-type interference immunity structure has been proposed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In this paper, we present the results of the perturbation experiment results of the C-type pressure sensor array, showing that the perturbation error is less than 8%. The test of the flexible sensor array show that the sensor can identify the curved angle of up to 120 °, and the output sensitivity of the sensor in the horizontal state reaches 0.12 V/N, and the sensor can withstand the pressure of 80 N. The flexible sensor can work stably in the stretch rate range of 0–8.6% and the stretch length range of 0–6 mm.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000In this paper, C-type pressure sensor array structure is fabricated by rapid injection moulding for the first time. The research in this paper can effectively reduce the disturbance of input pressure on the sensor’s internal array and improve the output accuracy. The sensor can intuitively reflect the number of fingers sliding on the sensor by the order in which the maximum voltage appears. Due to the strong interference immunity capability and flexibility of the flexible sensor array mechanism, it has a broad application prospect in the practical fields of haptic simulation, perceptual function reconstruction, artificial intelligence, wearable devices and human–computer interaction.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45372963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different reinforcement methods on crack monitoring characteristics of eddy current array sensor","authors":"Xianghong Fan, Tao Chen, Yuting He","doi":"10.1108/sr-09-2022-0355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-09-2022-0355","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to study the influence of different reinforcement methods on crack monitoring characteristics of eddy current array sensors, and the sensors with two different reinforcement methods, SUS304 reinforcement and permalloy reinforcement, are proposed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000First, the finite element model of the sensor is established to analyze the influence of the reinforcement plate’s electromagnetic parameters on the crack identification sensitivity. Then, the crack monitoring accuracy test of sensors with two reinforcement methods is carried out. Finally, the fatigue crack monitoring experiments with bolt tightening torques of 45 and 63 N · m are carried out, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In this study, it is found that the crack identification sensitivity of the sensor can be improved by increasing the relative permeability of the reinforcement plate. The crack monitoring accuracy of the sensors with two different reinforcement methods is about 1 mm. And the crack identification sensitivity of the sensor reinforced by permalloy reinforcement plate is significantly higher than that of the sensor reinforced by SUS304 reinforcement plate.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The sensor reinforced by reinforcement plate can work normally under the squeezing action of the bolt, and the crack monitoring sensitivity of the sensor can be significantly improved by using the reinforcement plate with high relative permeability.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43240744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design a custom resistive force sensors to optimize sensorized insoles","authors":"D. H. A. Nascimento, F. Magalhães, G. Sabino, R. Resende, M. Duarte, Claysson Bruno Santos Vimieiro","doi":"10.1108/sr-08-2022-0322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-08-2022-0322","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Currently, several studies have been published using sensorized insoles for estimating ground reaction force using plantar pressure. However, information on design parameters, manufacturing techniques and guidelines for developing insoles is scarce, often leaving gaps that do not allow reproducing the insole. This study aims to empirically investigate the main parameters of constructing a sensorized insole for application in human gait.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Two devices were built to evaluate the force sensors. The first focuses on the construction of the sensors with different settings: the density of the sensor’s conductive trails (thickness and distance of the trails) and the inertia of the sensors (use of spacers to prevent unwanted readings). The second device focuses on the data capture and processing system: resolution of the analog–digital converter, acquisition rate and sensor activation level.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The resolution increase of the analog–digital converter and acquisition rate do not contribute to noise increase. Reducing the sensors’ coverage area can increase sensorized insole capacity. The inertia of the sensors can be adjusted using spacers without changing the electrical circuit and acquisition system.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Most sensorized insoles use commercial sensors. For this reason, it is not possible a full customization. This paper maps the main variables to manufacture custom sensors and data acquisition systems. This work also presents a case study where it is possible to see the influence of the parameters in the correlation between the sensorized insole and an instrumented treadmill with a force platform.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47466323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise measurement and system calibration on magnetoresistive sensors","authors":"Aiyu Dou, R. Bai, Huachen Zhu, Z. Qian","doi":"10.1108/sr-07-2022-0284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-07-2022-0284","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The noise measurement on magnetoresistive (MR) sensors is generally conducted by techniques including single-channel data sampling and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis as well as two-channel cross-correlation. The single-channel method is easy to implement and is widely used in the noise measurement on MR sensors, whereas the two-channel method can only eliminate part of the system noise. This study aims to address two key issues affecting measurement accuracy: calibration of the measurement system and the elimination of system noise.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The system is calibrated by using a low-noise metal film resistor in that the system noise is eliminated through power spectrum subtraction. Noise measurement and analysis are conducted for both thermal noise and detectivity of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The thermal noise measurement error is less than 2%. The detectivity of the MTJ sensor reaches 27 pT/Hz1/2 at 2 kHz.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study provides a more practical solution for noise measurement and system calibration on MR sensors with a bias voltage and magnetic field.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41726330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}