Social Science Computer Review最新文献

{"title":"Achieving #Relationshipgoals: Exploring the Associations Between Exposure to Positively-Biased Portrayals of Romantic Relationships and Young Adults’ Romantic Outcomes","authors":"Ines Boeckxstaens, Janneke M. Schokkenbroek, Maxine Noë, Lara Schreurs","doi":"10.1177/08944393251366234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251366234","url":null,"abstract":"While social media’s positivity bias has been linked to various well-being implications, little is known about how it relates to young adults’ romantic cognitions and outcomes. This study explores the associations between perceived exposure to positively-biased romantic social media content and relationship satisfaction, as well as fear of being single (FOBS). A cross-sectional survey ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 605) was administered and a separate model was tested for young adults in a committed relationship for the outcome relationship satisfaction and for single young adults for the outcome FOBS, by using Structural Equation Modeling. Both models considered romantic partner expectations as a mediator and tested gender and social comparison orientation (SCO) as moderators. Perceived exposure to positively-biased portrayals was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction. There was no link with FOBS. For young adults in a committed relationship, higher partner expectations related positively to relationship satisfaction but were not predicted by exposure to positively-biased portrayals. For singles, exposure to such content did predict higher partner expectations but this did not, in turn, relate to FOBS. Also no significant moderation effects were found for gender and SCO. Our findings highlight the nuanced ways in which the positivity bias can relate to romantic outcomes and underscore the value of authenticity on social media.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unblackboxing How Sociotemporalities Inform AI Accountability: The Case of Targeted Advertising","authors":"Faranak Hardcastle, Kathryn Henne, Jenna Imad Harb, Ashlin Lee, John Noel Viana, Susan Halford","doi":"10.1177/08944393251365275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251365275","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, numerous accountability interventions have been introduced to address the harms and inequalities associated with Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Early efforts concentrated on transparency and explainability, often operationalized as technical fixes intended to “open the black box” and render algorithmic processes more intelligible. However, sociological research has revealed the limitations of these interventions, particularly their narrow focus on the technical and operational dimensions of AI. In response, sociologists have broadened the scope of “unblackboxing” to include the sociomaterialities of AI, or the social, political, and environmental relations that both shape and are shaped by AI technologies and their infrastructures. This article extends this agenda by focusing on sociotemporalities: the narratives and structures of time that shape both AI systems and the interventions meant to improve their accountability. We re-analyze interviews from a retrospective study of transparency in targeted advertising, a domain long associated with concerns about privacy, discrimination and opaque practices. Drawing on the sociology of time, and especially the sociology of the future, we examine the sociotemporalities that actively shaped the development of targeted advertising technologies at the time and influenced key informants’ thinking about approaches to improve accountability. Our analysis suggests that sociotemporalities exerted a structuring influence on how “appropriate” accountability interventions were imagined and enacted, ultimately shaping the emergent present of targeted advertising. We discuss the application of such an approach in the context of emerging AI technologies and AI accountability interventions. We conclude by arguing that expanding unblackboxing to include sociotemporal as well as sociomaterial dimensions can help open new pathways for designing and implementing more practical, effective, and context-specific AI accountability interventions.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ghosts in the Data: The Contested Politics of Absence in Data Infrastructures","authors":"Will Orr","doi":"10.1177/08944393251365277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251365277","url":null,"abstract":"Absences are inescapable in data. Data collection always focuses on some elements while occluding others. Yet, how absences are considered and recorded within data infrastructures markedly transforms the inferences that can be made. Tracing a genealogy from early databases to contemporary AI datasets, this paper explores how data infrastructures have grappled with the inherent incompleteness of data. Specifically, I uncover a tension between a desire for certainty and acknowledging partiality at the foundation of data science that continues to pervade contemporary AI datasets. Drawing on archival studies and sociological perspectives, I argue that data science must embrace uncertainty by recognizing the “ghosts in the data”—the uncounted, the unrepresented, and the silenced—and how their absence shapes the outcomes of automated systems.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Campaign Deepfakes and Affective Polarization: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Campaigns in Shaping Voter Attitudes","authors":"Taberez Ahmed Neyazi, Tan Khai Ee, Ozan Kuru","doi":"10.1177/08944393251362247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251362247","url":null,"abstract":"Does exposure to news about out-party campaigns’ increasing use of deepfakes further increase polarization among partisans, and how does this impact vary among different evaluations of political coalitions, parties, and leaders? What role does approval for candidates’ usage of AI play as a moderator in this relationship? This paper examines these questions using data from a survey experiment ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 1627), in which each respondent exposed to a news story that varied in their coverage of the growing deployment of AI-powered deepfakes during the 2024 India’s national election campaigns. The findings indicate that exposure to news about out-party campaigns’ use of deepfakes did not polarize attitudes towards coalitions, parties, and leaders. In contrast, approval for candidates’ use of AI was negatively associated with polarization towards coalitions, parties, and leaders, but this did not moderate the experimental effects: respondents who approved of candidates’ AI usage and saw a news article about out-party use of deepfakes were not more polarized toward either coalitions, parties or leaders. This study not only extends the understanding of AI’s role in campaigns by examining its complex effects on affective polarization, but it also broadens empirical research into the impact of deepfakes by focusing on the non-Western context of India, thereby offering new theoretical insights into how technological advancements intersect with political behaviors and attitudes.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waves of Attention to Racial Injustice on Social Media: Extrajudicial Police Killings in the United States as Focusing Events","authors":"Annie Waldherr, Nicola Righetti, Ryan J. Gallagher, Kira Klinger, Daniela Stoltenberg, Sagar Kumar, Dominic Ridley, Brooke Foucault Welles","doi":"10.1177/08944393251364290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251364290","url":null,"abstract":"The deaths of Black victims of police brutality, such as George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Sandra Bland, and Philando Castile, have become focusing events and symbols for the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, catalyzing wide-spread public attention to racial injustice. While prior studies on hashtag activism predominantly focus on single and widely known cases, less is understood about why some incidents draw massive public attention while others do not. Addressing this gap, our study investigates the factors influencing the likelihood and size of public attention on Twitter (now X) following extrajudicial police killings. We analyzed 1.5 million tweets in response to 795 police killings between January 1, 2015, and December 8, 2016, in the United States. By examining cases on all scales, from unnoticed to prominent, we provide large-scale empirical evidence on disparities in public attention to police killings and their victims. Results indicate two distinct processes in the emergence of focusing events: While victims’ attributes such as race, age, and gender increased likelihood of receiving any attention (thresholding), variables of context and social construction were related to overall wave size (focusing).","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turing’s Children: Large Language Models and Imitative Intelligence","authors":"Rafael C. Alvarado","doi":"10.1177/08944393251364293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251364293","url":null,"abstract":"This essay introduces and develops the concept of imitative intelligence implied by Turing’s foundational work on machine intelligence and connects it to the current generation AI agents based on large language models. Based on a close reading of Turing’s writings on machine intelligence, from the 1938 paper on the <jats:italic>entscheidungsproblem</jats:italic> to the 1950 paper on the imitation game, the Turing test is found to be more than an operational convenience; it reflects an implicit theory of the imitative and social nature of intelligence that informs his entire project of intelligent machine design. Moreover, the proported shortcomings of the Turing test—its reliance on language and emphasis on culture—turn out to be foundational to the success of LLM-based AI agents today. It is suggested that the design and regulation these agents is usefully framed by the perspective of the concept of imitative intelligence is inherited by them.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and the Social Scientist: The Mediation of AIfied Creative Sites","authors":"Maxime Harvey","doi":"10.1177/08944393251361457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251361457","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the mediating role of social scientists in the cultural integration and regulation of artificial intelligence (AI), with a particular focus on the creative industries. Drawing on an ethnographic case study within a film cooperative, it identifies four modalities through which social scientists become enrolled in AI-related organizational processes: as middlemen linking theory and practice, as distributors facilitating the flow of agency, as coordinators bridging innovation and appropriation, and as hosts observing the reproduction of technical skills. Situated at the intersection of Science and Technology Studies (STS) and Media Studies, the article rethinks mediation not as passive translation, but as an active montage of fragmented meanings, practices, and actors. It argues that AI is not merely an object of study but a distributed assemblage whose significance emerges through situated associations. By articulating how social scientists engage with AI through organizational consultation, cultural programming, and collaborative experimentation, this paper reframes the sociology of AI as a field of strategic, reflexive, and creative intervention. In doing so, it highlights the importance of problematizing mediation as a relational practice that connects cultural actors, technologies, and institutions in the evolving ordering of artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performing Productivity: Exploring the Narratives of State-Funded AI Projects Over a Decade in Chile","authors":"Claudia López, Francisca Luco, Mónica Humeres, Teresa Correa","doi":"10.1177/08944393251361444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251361444","url":null,"abstract":"Public funding plays a pivotal yet often overlooked role in shaping AI development, especially in Latin America. Drawing on sociological theories of performativity, we analyze 205 AI projects funded by Chile’s key public agencies, related to research, entrepreneurship, and creation, over the past decade. Through content analysis combined with a qualitative, heuristic procedure, we characterize five dominant narratives across state-funded AI projects, seeking to interpret the social meanings embedded within their descriptions considering their situated context. This method informs the articulation of five narratives: AI for productivity gains, as a transformative force, as a literacy need, for smart surveillance, and as situated and creative inquiry. Our findings reveal that AI for productivity gains has strongly dominated over the last decade. We argue that this narrative functions as a strategic mechanism for aligning legacy institutional interests with those of the actors seeking funding. By framing public funding as performative, this paper contributes to debates on how state-led narratives help shape technological development’s trajectory. It also emphasizes the interconnectedness of actors, political economy, and socio-technical dynamics concerning AI’s future.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Socioeconomics of Hype: Hype Dynamics and Symbolic Boundary Work Within the Speculative AI Bubble","authors":"Jason Bohner, Janet Vertesi","doi":"10.1177/08944393251361935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251361935","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on interviews with 37 entrepreneurs, engineers, technologists and investors in the New York City tech scene involved in AI, we investigate the social formations that characterize “AI-hype” from the perspective of micro-level economic sociology. We observe how actors in New York draw symbolic boundaries between their own work and that of “hype-beasts” in San Francisco, despite drawing upon and profiting from the same sociotechnical imaginaries about AI’s transformative potential. We show how this symbolic boundary work serves to legitimate the local ecosystem, to provide moral valuations for the exchange of capital, to ground different temporalities that inspire urgency in their work, and to enact spatial boundaries amid competing sociotechnical imaginaries. We demonstrate how these contestations contribute to the construction of powerful relevant social groups and their respective technological systems. We thus use the case of AI to take steps toward developing a sociology of hype, drawing on literature in the sociology of technology, boundary work in the professions, and economic sociology.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI and Aesthetic Alienation: The Image and Creativity in Contemporary Culture","authors":"Naomi Smith, Clare Southerton","doi":"10.1177/08944393251361449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393251361449","url":null,"abstract":"In this comment piece, we argue that mass-produced generative AI (GenAI) images, commonly referred to as “AI slop” should be considered a form of aesthetic alienation. Specifically, we focus on GenAI images of fall, arguing that GenAI images alienate not only artists from their art, but produces an alienating aesthetic in and of itself. Closely attending to the aesthetic registers of GenAI images opens up important sociological questions about the role of the image in contemporary society, and the affective logics of late capitalism. Finally, we highlight how GenAI images are profoundly implicated in the extractive and destructive materialities of late capitalism.","PeriodicalId":49509,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Computer Review","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}