Southeastern Naturalist最新文献

{"title":"An Eight-Year Study of Avian Seed Dispersal to an Artificial Water Source","authors":"James B. Ferrari","doi":"10.1656/058.024.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.024.0302","url":null,"abstract":"I monitored seed deposition to an artificial water source (i.e., bird bath) for 8 years in suburban Georgia to provide insight into the fruiting phenology of bird-dispersed native and non-native plant species, determine seed-dispersal distances, and identify the most likely avian seed dispersers. I recorded 2807 seeds of 25 bird-dispersed plant species in the bath. Native plants (16 species) comprised 79.6% of all seeds, while non-native invasives (NNI; 8 species) and ornamentals (1 species) made up 14.6% and 5.9%, respectively. The frequency of overall seed deposition peaked in late summer (July–September), with a second peak in winter (January–February); seed number per month mirrored this pattern. Diversity and abundance of seeds from NNI plant species peaked in late winter, after the peak of native plant species, and NNI species were absent from August to October. Based on the distance to the nearest fruiting specimen of each species, birds likely dispersed seeds to the water source from within 25 m for 8 species, while the seeds of 17 species came from >25 m. Of the 33 bird species visiting the bird bath over 2 years, the likeliest seed dispersers were Sialia sialis (Eastern Bluebird) and Turdus migratorius (American Robin), followed by Sayornis phoebe (Eastern Phoebe), Setophaga coronata (Yellow-rumped Warbler), Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher), and Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird). The use of artificial water sources as seed traps could be attractive due to the method's simplicity, low impact on birds, high yield, scalability, capacity for year-round study, and potential for understanding important aspects of avian seed dispersal, from fruiting phenology to forest restoration.","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Diagnosis of Bat Pregnancy in Field Settings","authors":"Lydia H. Moore, Heidi Holland, Jason B. Robinson, Windy Williford, Samuel J. Holst","doi":"10.1656/058.024.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.024.0203","url":null,"abstract":"Accurately documenting reproductive status is prerequisite for effectively monitoring wildlife population trends, population stability, and species-specific conservation objectives. Unfortunately, the accepted methods for determining reproductive status of North American bats can be subjective, and accuracy is influenced by experience of the handler. For small mammals other than bats, ultrasound can provide a reliable method for determining pregnancy. Our goal was to determine the efficacy of using ultrasound relative to abdominal palpation typically used by biologists to determine pregnancy in bats in the field. Although there are some advantages of using ultrasound in the field, this method did not outperform abdominal palpation substantively to warrant its expense.","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147908102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Female Body Size and Clutch Size in Frosted Flatwoods Salamanders (Ambystoma cingulatum)","authors":"Houston C Chandler, George C. Brooks","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Modeling population dynamics in response to various threats or potential management actions has become an increasingly common aspect of conservation programs for imperiled species. However, these models typically require a detailed understanding of various demographic processes that are often challenging to quantitatively assess. We combined data from the published literature (n = 4) with data collected from preserved specimens (n = 6) to model the relationship between female body size and clutch size in Ambystoma cingulatum (Frosted Flatwoods Salamander). We found a positive effect of body size on clutch size (z-score = 9.4, P < 0.001). This relationship can now be incorporated into ongoing efforts to model the population dynamics of flatwoods salamanders, reducing uncertainty and improving stakeholders' ability to make management decisions for this imperiled species.","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"63 6","pages":"588 - 594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Breeding Birds in Central Business Districts of 10 Small Cities and Towns: The Northern Pee Dee Region of the Carolinas","authors":"D. B. Mcnair","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0410","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - I conducted surveys of breeding birds in the central business districts of 10 small cities and towns in the northern Pee Dee region of North Carolina and South Carolina from 13 April to 7 May 2023 (25 consecutive days) to examine if this regional study would be concordant with earlier studies conducted at Rockingham, NC. I used a modification of the spot-mapping method for those I considered common species: if there were 3 or more territories (≥ 3.0 T), I only designated it as 3 territories except for Turdus migratorius (American Robin). I tallied the exact number of territories (= 0.5–2.5 T) for less common species. I documented 32 territorial species (27 native suburban adapters, 5 exotic urban invaders) in the 10 small cities and towns. Average species richness across all towns was 16.4 (min–max = 11–19) and was not correlated with plot size. The most abundant and widespread species were resident habitat generalists (present in every town): 3 suburban adapters (Thryothorus ludovicianus [Carolina Wren], Mimus polyglottos [Northern Mockingbird], and Cardinalis cardinalis [Northern Cardinal]) and 3 urban invaders (Sturnus vulgaris [European Starling], Passer domesticus [House Sparrow], and Haemorhous mexicanus [House Finch]); Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove) was absent only from downtown Wadesboro. The 13 least common species (5 residents, 8 Neotropical migrants) each had territories in 3 or fewer towns and had fewer than 3 territories in those towns. The 3 other Neotropical migrants (Chaetura pelagica [Chimney Swift], Myiarchus crinitus [Great Crested Flycatcher], and Dumetella carolinensis [Gray Catbird]) nesting on these plots were common species (more abundant and widely distributed). Results from this regional study in 2023 in 1 habitat type were generally concordant with earlier results from Rockingham. Dissimilarities in species composition among towns as measured by pairwise Jaccard distances increased with distance between towns in the northern Pee Dee region. American Robin and Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) continued to be absent from Rockingham in 2023. However, American Robins nested in 7 other towns, and Common Grackles nested in 2 towns (Laurinburg, Maxton); the latter species only nested in colonies in low exotic vegetation.","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"56 1","pages":"569 - 587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spring Migration Behavior of Female Indiana Bats Overwintering in Arkansas","authors":"Heather N. Custer, Piper L. Roby, Thomas E. Inebnit, Matthew C. Anderson, D. Sasse, Patrick R. Moore, T. Risch","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diminished Seed Banks of Two Endemic Scrub Herbs in Roadside Habitat Belie Their Population Booms: Are Robust Roadside Populations a Conservation Mirage?","authors":"Ella C. Segal, Aaron S. David","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"6 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Aratus pisonii Distributions across Built and Woody Habitats along a Population Range Margin","authors":"Sydney Widell","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clay Models and eDNA are Useful Tools for Identifying Predators of Salamanders","authors":"Aidan Shaw, Todd W. Pierson, Benjamin H. Holt","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"34 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Phenotypic Plasticity among Largeleaf Pennywort (Hydrocotyle bonariensis) Populations Occupying Different Habitats in Coastal Georgia","authors":"Annelise Kim, Harold Tripp Parsons, Heather M. Joesting","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139214964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations of Catchment Landscape Features with Instream Environmental Conditions and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in the Lookout Creek System (Tennessee River drainage)","authors":"Amelia K. Atwell, Mark S. Schorr","doi":"10.1656/058.022.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/058.022.0401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49490,"journal":{"name":"Southeastern Naturalist","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}