Revue française de géotechnique最新文献

Essai sur une application des règles de Maximis & Minimis à quelques Problèmes de Statique, relatifs à l’Architecture 一篇关于Maximis规则应用的论文与架构相关的一些静态问题的最小值

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023019

M. Coulomb

引用次数: 24

Galileo, Coulomb, the origins of Yield Design Analyses 伽利略，库仑，良率设计分析的起源

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023011

Jean Salençon

{"title":"Galileo, Coulomb, the origins of Yield Design Analyses","authors":"Jean Salençon","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023011","url":null,"abstract":"The Memoir presented to the French Academy of Sciences by Coulomb in 1773 is often considered as the starting point for “yield design” stability analyses in geotechnics and, more generally, in various fields of civil and construction engineering. In this Essai (1773), Coulomb implemented a reasoning based on the necessary condition that the equilibrium of the structure under study and the resistance of its constituent materials should be mathematically compatible with each other. A previous out sketch of this rationale can be identified in Galileo’s solution to the problem of the bearing capacity of a cantilever beam in the Discorsi (1638). In the present contribution, after outlining the philosophy of Galileo’s argument, we will highlight Coulomb’s clarifying insight and essential input before the fundamental concepts of the mechanics of continuous media, such as the notion of stress and the principle of virtual velocities, were established. Various aspects of yield design or “limit equilibrium” stability analyses in geotechnics will be evoked. The theory of Yield design, in line with Coulomb’s reasoning, will be briefly presented, making it possible, in particular, to overcome the difficulties encountered when implementing “classical” methods and clarifying a possible confusion with the mathematical theory of plasticity.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finite element limit analysis: fundamentals and extensions 有限元极限分析:基础与扩展

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023014

Kristian Krabbenhøft

引用次数: 0

Developments in the seismic CPT and links to the Ménard Pressuremeter Test 地震CPT的发展和与msamadard压力表试验的联系

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023010

Peter K. Robertson

引用次数: 0

Simulation des écoulements gravitaires avec les modèles d’écoulement en couche mince : état de l’art et exemple d’application aux coulées de débris de la Rivière du Prêcheur (Martinique, Petites Antilles) 用薄层流动模型模拟重力流动:目前的技术和在传教士河(马提尼克岛，小安的列斯群岛)碎片流中的应用实例

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023020

Marc Peruzzetto, Gilles Grandjean, Anne Mangeney, Clara Levy, Yannick Thiery, Benoit Vittecoq, François Bouchut, Fabrice R. Fontaine, Jean-Christophe Komorowski

{"title":"Simulation des écoulements gravitaires avec les modèles d’écoulement en couche mince : état de l’art et exemple d’application aux coulées de débris de la Rivière du Prêcheur (Martinique, Petites Antilles)","authors":"Marc Peruzzetto, Gilles Grandjean, Anne Mangeney, Clara Levy, Yannick Thiery, Benoit Vittecoq, François Bouchut, Fabrice R. Fontaine, Jean-Christophe Komorowski","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023020","url":null,"abstract":"La quantification de la propagation des glissements de terrain est une étape clé de l’analyse des risques gravitaires. Dans ce contexte, les modèles d’écoulement en couche mince sont de plus en plus utilisés pour simuler la dynamique d’écoulements gravitaires comme les coulées de débris. Ils sont plus souples d’utilisation et moins coûteux en temps de calcul que des modèles 3D plus complexes, et fournissent des informations plus précises sur les vitesses et les épaisseurs des écoulements que des méthodes purement empiriques. Dans cette revue de la littérature, nous présentons les principales rhéologies utilisées pour modéliser des écoulements gravitaires homogènes, et donnons un exemple d’application pratique avec la Rivière du Prêcheur (Martinique, Petites Antilles). Nous discutons ensuite les principales pistes de développements permettant d’utiliser ces modèles dans le cadre d’études opérationnelles d’analyse d’aléas et de risques.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135504945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Charles Augustin de Coulomb, the artisan of modern geotechnical engineering 查尔斯·奥古斯丁·德·库仑，现代岩土工程的工匠

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023006

Suzanne Lacasse

{"title":"Charles Augustin de Coulomb, the artisan of modern geotechnical engineering","authors":"Suzanne Lacasse","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper puts in perspective the influence of Charles-Augustin de Coulomb on the research and practice of modern geotechnical engineering. In his “Essai” (1773), Coulomb presented clear propositions on friction and cohesion on a sliding plane, giving birth to today’s soil mechanics. Coulomb’s theory started with the suggestion that the strength on a slip plane must involve a combination of friction and cohesion. Coulomb used calculus to obtain active earth pressure and show how friction and cohesion together affect lateral earth pressure. Coulomb was a gifted experimental scientist and wrote, when discussing friction, cohesion and interlocking that “only experiment can help us to decide the reality of the different causes” [for resistance]. With his fundamental equation [± t = c + µσ = c + tan ϕ σ ], Coulomb brought his theory to design. Design guidelines and standards are written in terms of cohesion and friction, and Coulomb’s fundamental slip plane model still dominates today’s soil mechanics. Coulomb’s insight led to further developments by Terzaghi, Hvorslev, Skempton, and the ensuing work at Imperial College and Cambridge University in the UK, at Harvard and at MIT (Lambe, Whitman, and Ladd) in the USA. Coulomb’s work, originally for masonry, has enabled the geotechnical profession to map soil behaviour, and continues to inspire new generations of researchers to look into improved and novel models and interpretations of the shear strength of soil and rock.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An adaptation of Limit Equilibrium Methods for the design of soil-nailed walls facings 极限平衡法在土钉墙面设计中的应用

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023012

Jean de Sauvage

{"title":"An adaptation of Limit Equilibrium Methods for the design of soil-nailed walls facings","authors":"Jean de Sauvage","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023012","url":null,"abstract":"Soil nailing is a technique developed in France during the 1970s for the retainment of excavations. The nails are steel bars introduced in the soil and preventing the soil mass to fail. Such structures are often designed through classical slope stability analysis software, i.e. based on Limit Equilibrium. The tension in the nails is generally considered equal to the maximum tensile forces admissible in the reinforcement. Yet, the service loads in the reinforcements are generally smaller than the calculated ones, especially at the bottom of the excavation because of the construction phasing. This is critical for the design of the facing and Limit Equilibrium based software need to be adapted by considering the construction phasing to modulate the mobilization of reinforcements. Based on the study of soil nailed walls through real-scale experiments, centrifuge and numerical modelling, an improvement of the limit equilibrium classical design is proposed. The software used was PROSPER, developed by Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées in the 1990s. The particularity of PROSPER is to derive the reactions of the nail by imposing a displacement of the failing soil mass. This displacement is generally considered as homogenous along the failure surface. However, considering a high displacement for the top nails (fully mobilized) and a small one for the bottom nails (partially mobilized) provide a relevant distribution of soil nail tensile forces. A distribution is proposed for such displacement and this design approach has been tested on an experimental wall, providing an efficient and time-saving design of soil-nailed walls.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From “De la pression des terres et des revêtements” to the seismic analysis of retaining structures 从“De la pression des terres et des revêtements”到挡土墙结构的地震分析

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023008

Luigi Callisto

引用次数: 0

French practice for design of embedded walls: history and background, overview of limitations of different models and design approaches 法国嵌入式墙的设计实践:历史和背景，不同模式和设计方法的局限性概述

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023007

Pierre Schmitt

{"title":"French practice for design of embedded walls: history and background, overview of limitations of different models and design approaches","authors":"Pierre Schmitt","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023007","url":null,"abstract":"French practice for the design of embedded walls intensively relies on active and passive limit equilibrium analyses, in the tradition of the work by Coulomb, Caquot, Kérisel and Absi, as well as on the more recent method involving spring coefficients, the use of which has become almost systematic, in the continuity of the approaches initiated by Terzaghi and Ménard. This latter method has ever since been improved and refined by intensive geotechnical monitoring, and is of course substantiated, as needed, by the finite element method. The parameters needed to check the serviceability limit states are most often derived from pressuremeter tests, interpreted in accordance with the principles initially established by Ménard, but here again refined by the feedback of monitoring. The ultimate limit states are traditionally checked using global safety factors (approach 2 or now RFA as defined in EC7), the partial factors on the soil resistance parameters (approach 3 or now MFA) being used only for certain situations or types of structures. This tradition, built up on pragmatism, that excludes the unconditional use of a systematic approach and a single method, is based on the belief, every day strengthened by observation and measurement of the behavior of structures, that there is no unique model that would apply to all situations, and that, on the contrary, identification of the limits of existing models is essential. In this lecture, we propose to present the different aspects of this national practice by explaining not only the backgrounds, but also the limits, as well as the way they are taken into account, or at least they should be when this is not the case.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yield design-based analysis of reinforced soil structures, making use of different models of reinforced soils 基于屈服设计的加筋土结构分析，利用不同的加筋土模型

Revue française de géotechnique Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/geotech/2023009

Patrick de Buhan

{"title":"Yield design-based analysis of reinforced soil structures, making use of different models of reinforced soils","authors":"Patrick de Buhan","doi":"10.1051/geotech/2023009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2023009","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution is aimed at applying the static and kinematic methods of the yield design theory, initially developed for homogeneous soils, to the stability analysis of reinforced soil structures. Several mechanical models of reinforced soils are considered to this end, starting from the mixed modelling approach which is the most intuitive one, according to which the reinforcements are treated as one-dimensional beam elements embedded in the soil regarded as a three-dimensional continuum. While this first model is posing some difficulties as regards the implementation of the lower bound static approach, a homogenization procedure should be preferred in the case of a dense array of regularly spaced inclusions, leading to the formulation of a macroscopic strength condition for the homogenized reinforced soil. Since the latter formulation, unlike the mixed modelling approach, fails to account for the shear and flexural strength characteristics of the reinforcements, a continuum multiphase description of reinforced soils, which may be considered as an extension of the previous homogenization method, has been developed. Such a multiphase model, which combines the advantages of the two previous models, is able to incorporate in an explicit way not only the shear and bending strength capacities of the reinforcements, but also a specific failure condition at the soil-inclusion interface. This contribution presents some illustrative applications of the yield design theory and related upper and lower bound methods to the design of typical reinforced soil structures, using the three above mentioned models.","PeriodicalId":494458,"journal":{"name":"Revue française de géotechnique","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0