Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство最新文献

{"title":"Drought resistance of soft spring wheat varieties of different ecological and geographical origins in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Olexandr Demydov, Ruslan Blyzniuk, Alina Pirych, Tetiana Yurchenko, Hanna Kovalyshyna","doi":"10.31548/plant3.2023.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.84","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is one of the most important crops and the basis of human food and food security. Significant climate changes in recent years directly affect the formation of the level of wheat productivity. Therefore, the creation of varieties with increased resistance to drought at the initial stages of organogenesis, as well as the ability to form a high level of productivity in arid conditions is an urgent task in the modern selection of crops. The research aims to evaluate the level of drought tolerance wheat varieties different methods and to identify sources for involvement in crossbreeding during the selection of drought tolerance. Laboratory and field methods were used to study the researched varieties in response to drought: germination of seeds in a sucrose solution and determination of drought resistance indices by yield level. Varieties of spring wheat of different ecological and geographical origins have an increased productive potential in the conditions of the central part of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. A wide range of variability in the degree of drought sensitivity of spring wheat was established. Varieties that have increased resistance to drought and can form a sufficient level of productivity under stress factors have been identified: Leguan (Czech Republic) and Koksa (Poland). The obtained results prove the possibility of combining in one variety an increased level of drought resistance and yield by classical breeding methods. According to the correlation coefficient between the productivity index and other studied indices of drought resistance, the effectiveness of using the Geometric Mean (proportional average) Productivity (GMP), Stress Tolerance Index (STI) and Yield Stability Index (YSI) indices in further breeding practice was noted. The practical research significance is determined by the combination of different methods for determining drought tolerance in crop breeding allowing for an objective assessment of resistance to stress factors and determination of viability at the initial stage of plant growth and development under the influence of the limiting factor – moisture","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pumpkin fruit selection of different types and varieties for the production of functional food products","authors":"Oksana Zavadska, Sergiy Gunko, Anatolii Bober, Nadiia Yаshсhuk, Lesia Bondareva","doi":"10.31548/plant3.2023.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.60","url":null,"abstract":"Consumers in Ukraine and around the world are increasingly interested in healthy lifestyles and functional foods with high biological value. For the production of such foods, it is important to select raw materials that meet a range of quality requirements. Pumpkin fruits have a high content of nutrients, vitamins, essential amino acids, and minerals that largely meet these requirements. The research aims to comprehensively evaluate pumpkin fruits of eight varieties of different types: large-fruited (Cucurbita maxima Duch) and butternut (Cucurbita moschata Duchex Poir), grown in the forest-steppe of Ukraine, to identify the most suitable for drying and production of functional foods. The experimental method was used following the research plan, the laboratory method was used to determine biochemical, biometric, and organoleptic quality indicators, and the statistical method was used to conduct dispersion and correlation analyses of the studied indicators. It has been established that when large-fruited pumpkin varieties are used for convective drying, 16.1-20.3% of dry products with a sugar content of 48.6-51.6% and 11-14 and 34.5-40.2% of nutmeg varieties, respectively, can be obtained. For the production of functional food products with a β-carotene content of 40-41 mg/100 g (in terms of dry matter), it is advisable to use the fruits of nutmeg varieties Gilea and Divo, and vitamin C at the level of 28 mg% – large-fruited varieties Slavuta and Polyovychka. The study revealed that with the increase in fruit weight, the content of dry matter (r=-0.68), sugars (r=-0.67) and the yield of finished products (r=-0.74) significantly decreases. A significant direct relationship between the content of dry matter and sugars (r=0.98), as well as the content of dry matter and the yield of finished products (r=0.94), was established. The materials of the article are of practical value for breeders, vegetable growers, and specialists of processing enterprises when choosing a type and variety of pumpkin for the production of functional foods","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135471043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of Bacillus Subtilis strains influence on the development of Triticum Aestivum L. in inoculative cultures","authors":"Anastasia Honchar, Oksana Tonkha, Mykola Patyka","doi":"10.31548/plant3.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"The research relevance is predetermined by the need to study strains of Bacillus subtilis bacteria that have a positive effect on plant growth and development and exhibit a stimulating effect at optimal bacterial loads. The research is of great importance for agriculture, ecology, and sustainable development. The research aims to determine the effect of new strains of B. subtilis (H3, H10, H13, H36, H38, H40, H43, H45) on the development of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings when inoculated with inoculated crops. Laboratory, vegetation, and mathematical and statistical methods were used in the study: deep cultivation of strains, roll method of germination of test plant seeds, and data processing using Statistica 8.0 and MS Excel. The results of the model experiment on the effect of culture liquids of B. subtilis strains under different technological forms and dilutions on the growth and development of wheat test plants are summarised. It has been established that at dilutions of 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, and 1:500, the stimulating effect of bioagents is observed, and the maximum effect is achieved at a dilution of 1:100. It has been shown that the greatest positive effect on wheat seed germination was observed for B. subtilis inoculants applied to seeds in mature technological forms (spore culture, 2.0 x 107 cells per seed). The germination energy of Triticum aestivum L. seeds increased by 96.5% when interacting with B. subtilis inoculants, and the raw weight of seedlings increased by 84.0-109.6% depending on the experiment variant compared to the control, which indicates the growth-stimulating properties of the new strains. It was proved that the use of mature cultures of B. subtilis H38, H40 and H45 resulted in an increase in root weight by 4.8-11.3% compared to the control without bacterisation. When treated with culture fluids of B. subtilis H3, H10, H13, H36, and H43 in the form of vegetative cells, the root mass decreased by 11.8-44.0% compared to the control. The use of the studied strains of B. subtilis effectively affects the development of winter wheat and is a promising inoculant with a growth-stimulating effect. The practical significance of the study is to understand and determine the potential benefits of using Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains to enhance the growth and development of plants, in particular winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135524987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of the density of chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.) plants in the Kyiv region","authors":"Iryna Bobos, Oleksandr Komar, Ivan Fedosiy, Oleksandr Shemetun","doi":"10.31548/plant3.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve the optimal compromise between yield and soil fertility that will help balance two important aspects of agricultural production – high crop yields and long-term soil fertility – it is necessary to understand the impact of changing row spacing on vegetable crop growth and the soil environment. The research aims to determine the adaptive properties of the Pharaoh variety by studying the feeding area and plant density to obtain high-quality chufa nodules in the Kyiv region. The main research methods were field studies and analysis of the variance of morphological traits and economically valuable indicators of chufa. It was found that different plant densities had an impact on the development of vegetative organs of chufa due to competition for resources during the growing season. The variety “Pharaoh” showed a high intensity of aboveground mass formation in sparse crops with a plant density in the range of 28-33 thousand plants per hectare, with the number of leaf bundles reaching 145.2-147.4 pieces, and their average height is 50.4-52.3 centimetres. At the same time, the size of the nodules increased with a lower plant density, since with a larger feeding area, plants formed more powerful ones with thicker leaf bundles. Plants arranged in a 60 × 60 cm spacing (28 thousand plants/ha) formed larger nodules with the largest dimensions: 3.1 cm in length, 1.0 cm in width, and 1.2 cm in thickness. It has been substantiated that chufa of the “Pharaoh” variety was characterised by higher economic and valuable indicators under the schemes of planting 60×50 and 60×60 cm nodules. The high marketable yield of freshly harvested nodules was formed at a plant density of 28-33 thousand units/ha and amounted to 4.2-4.6 t/ha. The highest average yield of nodules after drying was obtained under the plant spacing of 60 x 60 and 60 x 50 cm, which was 3.35 and 2.99 t/ha, which was 20.9 and 7.8% higher than the control, respectively. Chufa is a promising crop in terms of food security and income generation, and precise management of plant placement will help to balance yield and soil fertility","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136370056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of productivity of giant miscanthus (Miscanthus×giganteus) under symbiosis of its root system with fungi and bacteria","authors":"Serhii Dymytrov, Vasil Sabluk, Mykhailo Humentyk","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.46","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the subject under study is to increase the yield of dry biomass of giant miscanthus plants by using fungi and bacteria in its cultivation technology. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mycorrhization of the root system of this crop by fungi and symbiosis with bacteria on the growth and development of plants and the formation of their productivity. Field studies were conducted at the Veselopodilska Experimental Breeding Station of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (Poltava region) during 2017-2019 on saline and slightly saline black soil. The significance of the deviation between the experimental variants was determined by the P-level calculated according to the Student’s test. The use of symbiosis of fungi and bacteria with the root system of giant miscanthus contributed to positive results in improving plant growth, development and dry biomass yield. The use of biological products Mycofriend, Mikovital, and Florobacillin (fungi Glomus VS. and Trichoderma harzianum Rifa, Tuber melanosporum Vittad and bacteria Bacillus subtilis Cohn) significantly increased the area of the leaf apparatus (by 6.9-19.0%), the weight of the root system (by 4.1-16.3%), increased plant height (by 3.7-13.6%), and the number of stems (by 5.7-15.1%) compared to the control. At the same time, there was an improvement in the soil’s moisture-holding capacity by 10.3-23.7% and its structural and aggregate state – the proportion of clods 0.25-10.0 mm in size was 3.2-5.7% higher than in the control. The use of mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria contributes to an increase in the yield of dry plant biomass by 1.82-6.11 t/ha compared to the control, which is of practical importance in increasing the raw materials for biofuel production","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136328764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labile organic matter and fertility of chernozems","authors":"Anatolii Balaev, Olena Pikovska, Kateryna Karabach, Kateryna Shemetun","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"Soil organic matter can be divided into stable and labile, with the latter directly supporting plant growth and development during the growing season. To restore soil fertility and ensure high productivity of agrocenoses, a certain ratio between the labile and stable parts of humus must be maintained. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of labile organic matter under different tillage and fertilisation options and to establish the optimal ratio between their content and the content of total carbon, based on which to develop measures to restore and improve the fertility of chernozem soils. In stationary experiments, the study investigated the impact of the intensity of chernozem use, its cultivation and fertilisation systems on the humus state of the amount of labile organic matter and its ratio to humus carbon. Field research, laboratory method of soil sample analysis, systematisation, analysis, and generalisation were used in the study. The soil samples were analysed for humus content according to DSTU 4289:2004 and labile organic matter content according to DSTU 4732:2007. When chernozems are ploughed up, labile organic matter is mineralised the most and their share in humus decreases, while when arable land is converted to fallow land, it is restored the fastest. Minimising tillage systems and applying organic and mineral fertilisers increases the amount of labile organic matter in the humus of chernozems. The use of no-till for sixteen years resulted in a 0.13% increase in humus content, and a 0.53% increase over forty-two years compared to ploughing. The application of organo-mineral fertiliser increased the ratio of labile organic matter carbon content to total carbon content compared to the unfertilised variants. A strong correlation was found between the content of labile organic matter in chernozems and the yield of winter wheat and maize. The practical significance of the research results is to minimise the fertiliser rate and the C:N ratio to ensure gross crop yields and restore soil fertility","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135772066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for determining the residual content of active ingredients of agrochemicals in surface waters","authors":"Nataliia Tereshchenko, Olena Khyzhan, Oleksandr Bobunov, Kateryna Nesterova","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.70","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural water bodies are multifunctional objects in the agricultural production cycle. Residual amounts of the active ingredients of pesticide agrochemicals can enter and contaminate a water body during some agro-technological tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the conditions for the extraction of residual amounts of xenobiotics from surface water containing suspended particles and to measure their content by chromatographic methods. To determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of target xenobiotics, the values of the lipophilicity parameters of their molecules were considered. The methodology for determining the content of lipophilic xenobiotics by chromatographic methods with mass-selective detection in surface water samples includes a step of separating suspended particles, the content of which in the samples under study was controlled by gravimetric analysis and varied within 135-1500 mg/m3. The target compounds were extracted using n-hexane and acetonitrile. The analytes in the acetonitrile concentrate were determined according to high-performance liquid and gas chromatography with mass-selective detectors (HPLC/MS/MS and GC/MS). The achieved limit of detection of xenobiotics was 0.02 µg/m3, the limit of quantification of xenobiotics was 0.10 µg/m3. To substantiate the possibility of applying the proposed methodology, the following indicators were investigated: linearity of analytical signals with the amount of analytes in the solution, correctness, convergence, and accuracy of measurement results. The linear concentration range of the method for the determination of xenobiotics of diverse groups is 0.10-1.00 µg/m3, characterised by a regression coefficient of the linear dependence of the measurement of individual compounds (R2) exceeding 0.99. The degree of analytes recovery (percentage of recovery r, %) was within 85-120%, which indicates the acceptability of the proposed xenobiotic extraction procedure. The error of the measurement results was calculated as the standard deviation (Sr, %), which did not exceed 6%. The findings of this study suggested that the developed methodology is suitable for monitoring the residual content of active ingredients of agrochemicals in surface waters and predicting the level of water pollution","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135771532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of sweet cherry fruit quality according to the requirements of the modern market","authors":"Iryna Ivanova, Maryna Serdiuk, Tetiana Tymoshchuk, Sergiy Bulygin, Vira Moisiienko","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of commercial properties of sweet cherry fruit determines the competitiveness of fresh fruit in the modern market. The selection of cultivars with the highest number of high-quality fruits to meet the preferences of all stakeholders is relevant. The purpose of this study was to substantiate the commercial indicators for assessing the quality of sweet cherry fruit of three ripening periods and to select the most competitive cultivars for sustainable supply of fresh fruit to the modern market. The methods used in the study were field, laboratory, and comparative. The commercial properties of 33 sweet cherry cultivars of early, middle, and late ripening were determined. The sweet cherry fruits of the cultivars under study were divided into two commercial classes according to fruit size and defects. The fruits were analysed for the following defects: cracked, scarred, and browned skin. The amount of non-standard sweet cherry fruit production for each cultivar was determined. For each ripening period of sweet cherry varieties, the average value of the volume of fruits of classes I-II and non-standard products was established. A general trend towards an increase in the amount of high-quality fruit raw materials for late-ripening cultivars was identified. The most valuable cultivars of early (Skazka and Zabuta), medium (Uliublenytsia Turovtseva and Temp) and late (Anons) ripening were identified, which provided the maximum number of class I fruits. The maximum production was determined in the Merchant (early ripening), Cordia (medium ripening) and Karina (late ripening) cultivars. The lowest volume of non-standard products was found in cultivars of different ripening periods – Skazka, Prostir, and Anons. The fruit classification into commercial classes can be used to evaluate the fruit of sweet cherry cultivars and determine the possibility of using them fresh, for long-term chilled storage and for various further processing methods","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135464601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nutrient supply on growth and synthesis of metabolites of in vitro shoot cultures of S. rebaudiana","authors":"Iryna Smetanska, Mamdouh Diaa, Gruda Nazim, Mykola Patyka, Oksana Tonkha","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.57","url":null,"abstract":"Stevia rebaudiana plants produce sweet tasting compounds, steviosides, which are 300 times sweeter as sugar and can be used as natural sweeteners. Moreover, stevia leaves contain high amount of antioxidants. The use of plant compounds as components of functional nutrition and nutraceuticals is extremely relevant today. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of increased nitrogen and saccharose supply on growth and accumulation of steviosides and anthocyanins as well as antioxidative activity in fast-growing shoot cultures of S. rebaudiana. The morphological changes of the leaves, the accumulation of steviosides and anthocyanins, and the antioxidant properties of the extracts were determined. It was shown that during three weeks of in vitro cultivation of shoots on MS medium with double concentration of nitrogen, the biomass increased by 71.0%, after application of double concentration of saccharose – by 133%, and after increasing nitrogen in combination with saccharose supply – by 162.0% compared to the control. Sucrose stimulated the accumulation of biomass. Anti-oxidative potential after nitrogen application was 2.4 times higher than the control, and with saccharose supply it increased 2.7 times. Shoots treated with increased nitrogen and saccharose concentration contained 50.7 and 57.8 mg/g-1 steviosides, respectively. However, the combination of nitrogen and saccharose led to accumulation of 73.4 1 mg/g-1 steviosides. Shoots grown on MS medium culture had 26.0 mg/g-1 of steviosides. The content of anthocyanins was 1.7 times greater under added nitrogen supply, and 2.3 times greater after the application of nitrogen and saccharose. Optimum cultivation media developed individually for each in vitro culture increase the production of valuable plant secondary metabolites up to 3 times","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine-containing preparations in grain growing technologies","authors":"Svitlana Kalenska, Georgiy Falko, Tetiana Antal, Olena Hordyna, Roman Fediv","doi":"10.31548/plant2.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"The urgency of researching and solving the problem of open and masked iodine deficiency, which manifests itself through several diseases, is now global. Many studies and programmes have been initiated on alternative methods of introducing iodine into human nutrition, and one of them is biofortification of crops. Biofortification of crops through fertilisers and foliar iodine fertilisation provides the best bioavailability of water-soluble forms of iodine for plants. At the same time, the functional role of iodine as a plant nutrient is understudied. The purpose of this study was to establish and substantiate the effectiveness of iodine-containing preparations in grain crops cultivation technologies. To fulfil this purpose, field and laboratory studies were carried out. The field multifactorial experiment was conducted on podzolic chernozems in a stationary experiment of the Department of Plant Science of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Mathematical processing of the results was carried out using SAS 9.4 and Agrostat 6 software. The anti-stress effect of preparations with biologically active iodine under combined pre-sowing seed treatment and plant treatment during the growing season was identified – significant yield increments were obtained, even under conditions of severe air and soil drought during the growing season of grain crops. The application of background doses of fertiliser and the use of biologically active iodine products ensured a significant increase in yields. The average yield of winter wheat ranged from 2.96 to 6.46 t/ha; oats – from 2.79 to 5.41 t/ha, depending on the background of nutrition, disinfectant and preparations with biologically active iodine. Iodine-containing preparations are effective in the system of preventive protection during the treatment of seeds and plants during the growing season, which can substantially reduce the damage to wheat and oat plants by diseases. Treatment of crops during the growing season with iodine-containing preparations, especially in the late microstages, reduces the level of secondary disease infection and prevents infection of seeds that form on the mother plant and are subsequently the main source of pathogenic infection that develops after sowing seeds into the soil. The developed regulations will promote the use of iodine-containing preparations in crop cultivation technologies, which are particularly effective in regions with iodine deficiency in the environment","PeriodicalId":493915,"journal":{"name":"Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136151783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}