Педиатр最新文献

{"title":"Effect of reindeer pituitary peptide extract on cognitive functions in rats with changes light regime","authors":"Ekaterina G. Batotsyrenova, Margarita V. Melnikova, Alisa V. Belskaya, Dmitry O. Ivanov, Vadim A. Kashuro, Elena N. Krasnikova, Andrei V. Sharabanov","doi":"10.17816/ped14387-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ped14387-96","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Disruption of circadian rhythms can cause significant damage to sensory processing, learning, and memory. At the same time, the structure of the endogenous biological clock contributes to the adaptation of the organism to changes in the conditions for the existence of a biosystem in the external environment. The possibility of synchronization of the endogenous rhythms of the organism with disturbed light periodicity is an urgent problem of modern society, where different rhythms of labor, motor, cognitive activity are used.
 AIM: To study the effect of peptides from the pituitary gland of the Reindeer on the parameters of cognitive functions in rats with a long-term change in the light regime on models with altered cellular oscillation due to oxidative stress caused by poisoning of animals with sodium thiopental in a half-lethal dose.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 56 white Wistar male rats after acute poisoning with sodium thiopental at a dose of 85 mg/kg under conditions of light desynchronosis. In the passive avoidance conditioned reflex test, the cognitive functions of animals were assessed after a two-week pharmacological correction with a cellular extract of the pituitary gland of the Reindeer at a dose of 100 mg/kg.
 RESULTS: The peptide extract of the pituitary gland of the Reindeer contributes to the change in the higher integrative functions of the central nervous system in case of disturbed periodicity of the light signal. The results obtained indicate the chronobiotic activity of the peptide extract of the pituitary gland of the Reindeer at a dose of 100 g/kg when administered intranasally.
 CONCLUSIONS: The light regime change for 1 month under conditions of altered cellular oscillation led to impaired of the higher integrative functions of the central nervous system in rats, which was accompanied by an increase in the rate of reflex extinction and a disturbance of the processes of memory consolidation; under conditions of constant light, these disorders are more pronounced. The result of the pharmacological correction of these changes with the reindeer pituitary peptide extract was an improvement in the processes of memory consolidation and information reproduction (an increase in the number of trained animals with a change in the light regime).","PeriodicalId":493816,"journal":{"name":"Педиатр","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular genetic diagnosis and treatment of congenital hyperinsulinism: results of observation of patients with variants in the genes <i>ABCC8</i> and <i>KCNJ11</i>","authors":"Dmitry O. Ivanov, Liliya V. Ditkovskaya, Olga I. Maryina, Mariia E. Turkunova, Evgeny N. Suspitsin, Olga S. Yankovskaya","doi":"10.17816/ped1435-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ped1435-17","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital hyperinsulinism is a rare hereditary disease characterized by inadequate hypersecretion of insulin by pancreatic -cells, clinically manifested by persistent hypoglycemia, which poses a great threat to patient survival and a high risk of developing severe neurological complications.
 The article presents the results of clinical, hormonal and molecular genetic examination and treatment of 10 patients with congenital hyperinsulinism caused by mutations in the genes of ATP-dependent potassium channels (KCNJ11, ABCC8), hospitalized in Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University clinic in 20102023. In all the studied patients, the disease manifested from the 1st to the 3rd day of life, and the median age of diagnosis of congenital hyperinsulinism in the study group was 1 month (min 14 days; max 3 years 9 months). In 8 out of 10 patients, a severe course of hypoglycemic syndrome was noted at the onset of the disease. According to the molecular genetic investigation results, 8 different mutations were identified: in the KCNJ11 (2/8) and ABCC8 (6/8) genes. Identical variants were found in two pairs of related patients. In children with mutations in the ABCC8 gene (n = 8), 2 variants with unknown clinical significance were identified, which were not previously described in allelic databases and scientific literature. According to the analysis of anamnestic and clinical and laboratory data, 80.0% of children, including patients with new, previously not described in the scientific literature, variants in the ABCC8 gene have a severe progressive course of congenital hyperinsulinism, requiring the appointment of insulinostatic therapy.","PeriodicalId":493816,"journal":{"name":"Педиатр","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective observation study of the effect of dupilumab on the body weight of children with atopic dermatitis","authors":"Denis V. Zaslavsky, Alexey V. Taganov, Elena S. Bolshakova, Elena S. Manylova, Daria V. Kozlova","doi":"10.17816/ped14369-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ped14369-76","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dupilumab is a drug from the group of biological therapy approved for use in children from 6 years of age in Russian Federation. Due to the recent introduction into clinical practice, appear new reports about various clinical effects that may be associated with the use of the drug, but are not listed in the instructions. Thus, cases of the possible effect of dupilumab on weight gain in adult patients with atopic dermatitis have been reported. We recorded a weight change greater than the average weight gain in children treated with dupilumab.
 AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in the weight of patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab for a year.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January to December 2022 28 children with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis were under observation. All patients were treated with dupilumab in accordance with clinical guidelines for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Before and at the end of the study, patients were assessed for the severity of the disease, height, body weight, the body mass index, as well as a survey about the quality of sleep and compliance with a hypoallergenic diet. Patients were divided into 2 age groups: 610 years old and 1113 years old. The results of measurements were evaluated separately in each age group and were correlated with centile tables.
 RESULTS: The study included 28 patients aged 6 to 13 years [18 girls (64.3%) and 10 boys (35.7%), mean age 10.25 years] with moderate (n = 11; 39.3%) and severe (n = 17; 60.7%) course of atopic dermatitis (mean SCORAD 57.3 4.6). At the end of the observation period, weight gain in the first age group was 5.8 kg; in the second group 3.06 kg; while the body mass index increased in the first age group by 1.65; in the second group by 0.23. According to the results of the survey at the initiation stage 19 (67.86%) participants in the observational program noted the presence of sleep disorders, 17 (60.71%) patients followed a hypoallergenic diet. At the end of the observation period 15/19 (78.94%) patients noted an improvement in the quality of sleep, 12/17 (70.59%) patients indicated an increase in the diet.
 CONCLUSIONS: The first data on a probable association between the treatment of atopic dermatitis with dupilumab and weight gain in the pediatric population are presented. The exact mechanism of the drug effect on weight gain is not clear, but the positive effect is to expand the diet, normalize sleep and improve the psychological background, which leads to an increase in body weight in relation to its initial shortage.","PeriodicalId":493816,"journal":{"name":"Педиатр","volume":"348 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the integration and rehabilitation program on the peculiarities of the formation of the vegetative balance of younger schoolchildren affected by military operations","authors":"Artem M. Levchin, Irina B. Ershova, Alyona G. Rogovtsova","doi":"10.17816/ped14361-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ped14361-68","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is little information concerning the health parameters of children who are in the conditions of military hostilities. AIM: The aim of the study is to develop and study the impact of a comprehensive integration and rehabilitation program on heart rate variability in primary school children who have experienced the stress of military operations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 128 children of primary school age who found themselves in the zone of active hostilities were under observation. The comparison group consisted of 68 children who lived in territories where military operations were not carried out. The assessment of vegetative functions was carried out according to the indicators of the analysis of temporal and spectral indicators of heart rate variability using the hardware and software complex Poly-Spectrum-12. RESULTS: The power of the very low-frequency component (VLF, ms2) of the spectrum in group I of children was also increased by 23.79% in comparison with the comparison group. The respiratory component (HF, ms2) of the general spectrum also had a statistical difference (25.27%) with the indicators of the comparison group at the time of the first study (p 0.05) in the younger schoolchildren evacuated to Rostov-on-Don. Upon repeated examination, it was found that the indicators of mode and variation range increased in all subgroups, except for a subgroup of children who were in the combat zone and were not included in the comprehensive integration and rehabilitation program. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of spectral and temporal analysis of the heart rate, the vagosympathetic balance in younger schoolchildren who experienced the impact of the military operation in the Donbass Region reflects the activation of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system. The developed comprehensive integration and rehabilitation program has shown its greatest effectiveness in children evacuated to Rostov-on-Don.","PeriodicalId":493816,"journal":{"name":"Педиатр","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}