Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment最新文献

BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES (IN VITRO) EXHIBITED BY FREE-LIVING AND SYMBIOTIC VIBRIO ISOLATES. 生物特性(体外)显示自由生活和共生弧菌分离。

4区环境科学与生态学

Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment Pub Date : 2009-01-01

V Nair, M K Nishiguchi

{"title":"BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES (IN VITRO) EXHIBITED BY FREE-LIVING AND SYMBIOTIC VIBRIO ISOLATES.","authors":"V Nair, M K Nishiguchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Adhesion and biofilm forming ability of symbiotic bacteria play a crucial role in host colonization and tissue infection. Bacteria benefit by adhering to their host in a manner that allows them to successfully maintain contact for the exchange of nutrients, hormones, or other necessary products. This study examined pili morphology, motility, and biofilm formation exhibited by Vibrio fischeri strains (free-living and symbiotic). Since these symbiotic factors contribute in some fashion to the interaction between V. fischeri and their squid host, variation between strains may be a contributing factor that leads to specificity among different hosts. V. fischeri strains examined in this study demonstrated considerable variation in their biological properties when observed in vitro. In addition to differences observed between strains isolated from several different host species, we observed variation between strains isolated from the same host species from diverse geographical locations. This study suggests that subtle differences in the biological properties of closely related V. fischeri strains may influence the nature of the interaction among V. fischeri and their sepiolid hosts.","PeriodicalId":49379,"journal":{"name":"Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2923388/pdf/nihms213718.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29200813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF LIGHT ORGANS OF LOLIGINID SQUIDS AND THEIR BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS: A NOVEL MODEL SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF MARINE SYMBIOSES. 鱿鱼光器官及其细菌共生体的超微结构：海洋共生研究的新模式系统。

4区环境科学与生态学

Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment Pub Date : 2009-01-01

R C Guerrero-Ferreira, M K Nishiguchi

{"title":"ULTRASTRUCTURE OF LIGHT ORGANS OF LOLIGINID SQUIDS AND THEIR BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS: A NOVEL MODEL SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF MARINE SYMBIOSES.","authors":"R C Guerrero-Ferreira, M K Nishiguchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The class Cephalopoda (Phylum Mollusca), encompassing squids and octopuses, contains multiple species that are characterized by the presence of specialized organs known to emit light. These complex organs have a variety of morphological characteristics ranging from groups of simple, light-producing cells, to highly specialized organs (light organs) with cells surrounded by reflectors, lenses, light guides, color filters, and muscles. Bacteriogenic light organs have been well characterized in sepiolid squids, but a number of species in the family Loliginidae are also known to contain bacteriogenic light organs. Interest in loliginid light organ structure has recently arisen because of their potential as ecological niches for Vibrio harveyi, a pathogenic marine bacterium. This also implies the importance of loliginid light organs as reservoirs for V. harveyi persistence in the ocean. The present study utilized transmission and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the morphology of loliginid light organs and determined the location of bacterial symbiont cells within the tissue. It was determined that the rod-shaped loliginid symbionts lack flagella, as similarly observed in other light organ-associated bacteria. Also, the interaction of individual cells to light organ tissue is not as defined as reported for other squid-Vibrio systems. In addition, SEM observations show the presence of two pores leading to the bacterial chamber. Data presented here offer support for the hypothesis of environmental transfer of bacterial symbionts in loliginid squids.","PeriodicalId":49379,"journal":{"name":"Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2998345/pdf/nihms215161.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29531168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF A SEPIOLID SQUID-VIBRIO ASSOCIATION: FROM CELL TO ENVIRONMENT. 类脂鱿鱼-弧菌结合的进化生态学:从细胞到环境。

4区环境科学与生态学

Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment Pub Date : 2008-01-01

S V Nyholm, M K Nishiguchi

引用次数: 0

Deciphering Evolutionary Mechanisms Between Mutualistic and Pathogenic Symbioses. 解读共生共生和致病共生的进化机制。

4区环境科学与生态学

Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment Pub Date : 2008-01-01

M K Nishiguchi, A M Hirsch, R Devinney, G Vedantam, M A Riley, L M Mansky

{"title":"Deciphering Evolutionary Mechanisms Between Mutualistic and Pathogenic Symbioses.","authors":"M K Nishiguchi, A M Hirsch, R Devinney, G Vedantam, M A Riley, L M Mansky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The continuum between mutualistic and pathogenic symbioses has been an underlying theme for understanding the evolution of infection and disease in a number of eukaryotic-microbe associations. The ability to monitor and then predict the spread of infectious diseases may depend upon our knowledge and capabilities of anticipating the behavior of virulent pathogens by studying related, benign symbioses. For instance, the ability of a symbiotic species to infect, colonize, and proliferate efficiently in a susceptible host will depend on a number of factors that influence both partners during the infection. Levels of virulence are not only affected by the genetic and phenotypic composite of the symbiont, but also the life history, mode(s) of transmission, and environmental factors that influence colonization, such as antibiotic treatment. Population dynamics of both host and symbiont, including densities, migration, as well as competition between symbionts will also affect infection rates of the pathogen as well as change the evolutionary dynamics between host and symbiont. It is therefore important to be able to compare the evolution of virulence between a wide range of mutualistic and pathogenic systems in order to determine when and where new infections might occur, and what conditions will render the pathogen ineffective. This perspective focuses on several symbiotic models that compare mutualistic associations to pathogenic forms and the questions posed regarding their evolution and radiation. A common theme among these systems is the prevailing concept of how heritable mutations can eventually lead to novel phenotypes and eventually new species.","PeriodicalId":49379,"journal":{"name":"Vie et Milieu-Life and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719982/pdf/nihms117842.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40011450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0