Zoologica Scripta最新文献

{"title":"Untangling deep‐sea corals systematics: Description of a new family, Stephanocyathidae (Anthozoa, Scleractinia), through a genomic approach","authors":"Claudia Francesca Vaga, Isabela Galvao de Lossio e Seiblitz, Katia Cristina Cruz Capel, Andrea M. Quattrini, Jaroslaw Stolarski, Stephen D. Cairns, Marcelo Visentini Kitahara","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12657","url":null,"abstract":"Once considered the most speciose mostly azooxanthellate scleractinian group, the family Caryophylliidae is found to be highly polyphyletic based on molecular data and is undergoing a process of systematic revision. High‐throughput sequencing methods coupled with morphological analyses have facilitated revision of several scleractinian lineages, including the aforementioned family. In previous studies that relied on few mitochondrial and nuclear markers, the caryophylliid genera <jats:italic>Stephanocyathus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Vaughanella</jats:italic> were phylogenetically recovered in separate clades from the lineage that includes the type genus of the family, <jats:italic>Caryophyllia</jats:italic>, which is considered the ‘true’ Caryophylliidae. To help untangle the relationship among taxa of this family, here a new deep‐sea scleractinian family (Stephanocyathidae Vaga, Cairns &amp; Kitahara fam. nov.) is proposed based on phylogenomic reconstructions coupled with molecular features, specifically gene order, of the complete mitochondrial genome. Evolutionary reconstructions were based on both mitochondrial and nuclear ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exon loci data sets and confirmed the divergent position of the genera <jats:italic>Stephanocyathus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Vaughanella</jats:italic>. The new family shows a specific gene transposition in the mitochondrial genome, not present in the ‘true’ caryophylliid lineage, but instead already observed for the species <jats:italic>Paraconotrochus antarcticus</jats:italic>, recovered as sister taxon of the here proposed new family. Although its phylogenetic position is unknown, the genus <jats:italic>Ericiocyathus</jats:italic> is also added to the new family, based on macromorphological similarities. This study represents a step forward in our understanding of deep‐sea corals relationships and provide further information (e.g., mitochondrial gene order) that will aid in future efforts of assessing the systematic of caryophylliid lineages.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive shifts in Phanaeini dung beetles of the Mexican plateau cenocron in the Mexican transition zone","authors":"Viridiana Lizardo, Federico Escobar, Enrique Martínez‐Meyer, Juan J. Morrone","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12656","url":null,"abstract":"The Mexican Transition Zone is a biogeographically complex area where old and new lineages of Neotropical and Nearctic affinities overlap. Its biota was assembled by successive dispersal events of cenocrons, which are sets of taxa that dispersed during a given time interval from both North and South America and then diversified in the area. The Mexican Plateau cenocron, with Neotropical affinities, is found in temperate and dry climates in the Nearctic region. We hypothesised that it underwent an adaptive shift in environmental niche. We tested this hypothesis using a phylogenetic comparative framework, measuring phylogenetic signal and fitting to single optima macroevolutionary models, and an Ornstein‐Uhlenbeck macroevolutionary model with multiple optima. We used phylogenetic and distributional information of the tribe Phanaeini to assess whether there exists a distinction in conservatism between the earliest (Mexican Plateau) and most recent (Typical Neotropical) cenocrons within the Mexican Transition Zone (MTZ) as this tribe stands as a classic example of the dispersal and diversification patterns of cenocrons originating in the Neotropics. We identified different shifts in environmental requirements that match the niche description of the Mexican Plateau cenocron, suggesting that it was established through multiple adaptive shifts in the Mexican Transition Zone.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeography, speciation and niche evolution of doraditos (Aves: Pseudocolopteryx)","authors":"Emilio A. Jordan, Juan I. Areta","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12655","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological and geographical factors shape the current distribution of species. Analysing their interplay in a phylogenetic framework is key to understand the historical processes that have shaped the evolution of a group. Here, we modelled the ecological niches and geographic distributions of the five species of doraditos (<jats:italic>Pseudocolopteryx</jats:italic> spp.) to study their biogeographic histories, niche evolution and speciation process in a phylogenetic framework. Our potential distribution models uncovered novel range‐wide distributional patterns and seasonal movements in the doraditos, where four species are migratory with distinct breeding and non‐breeding distributions, and one (<jats:italic>P. sclateri</jats:italic>) exhibits a complex spatiotemporal distribution indicating nomadism. Ecological niche pairwise comparisons showed that none of the doraditos have equivalent niches and that niche differences are due to species‐specific habitat preferences. Phylogenetically weighted geographical and ecological analyses showed patterns of allopatric speciation and niche lability in the evolution of doraditos. The divergence of <jats:italic>P. sclateri</jats:italic> seems tied to its tropical‐to‐temperate wetland specialization. The montane <jats:italic>P. acutipennis</jats:italic> expanded to human‐modified lowlands following speciation, highlighting the need to control for post‐speciational changes in ecological niche comparisons as done here. In turn, <jats:italic>P. dinelliana</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>P. citreola</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. flaviventris</jats:italic> showed essentially allopatric breeding distributions, as a product of environmentally mediated divergence during their speciation processes. The distribution and migration data of the recently diverged cryptic sister species <jats:italic>P. citreola</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. flaviventris</jats:italic> are consistent with two possible speciation scenarios: peripatric speciation and migration dosing speciation.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140017206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional biotic interchange between Taiwan Island and Mainland China via land bridges—A case study of Obeidia Walker (Geometridae, Lepidoptera)","authors":"Rui Cheng, Nan Jiang, Arong Luo, Michael Orr, Qingsong Zhou, Xiaoyu Shi, Hongxiang Han, Chaodong Zhu","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12653","url":null,"abstract":"Biotic exchanges between Taiwan and Mainland China have shaped the biodiversity and ecosystems of both regions. Exchanges from Mainland China to Taiwan have received more attention, mainly studied in terrestrial vertebrates, while the reverse direction and invertebrates have largely been overlooked. Here, we explore the dispersal events between these two regions based on the moths of three species groups of Obeidia, including Taiwan taxa and its relatives from mainland. We conducted mixed methods and analysis, including reconstructing a phylogenetic tree, estimating associated divergence times and inferring ancestral areas and source regions, to explore the phylogeographical structure and genetic pattern of three groups based on eight genes. Our results revealed a structure of three clades and every clade included at least one Taiwanese taxa and its closest relatives of mainland of China, and also served Taiwan as an important source region of two mainland taxa. Our study revealed various origin pattern and dispersal models on the basis of three species groups of Obeidia. Bi‐directional biotic exchange via a land bridge were found: four Taiwanese taxa originated from mainland, and two of them migrated back to mainland. Both eastern Himalayas and south China are important origin areas for Taiwan biota, and the dominant source region may need multiple insect cases to confirm. Our study also provided evidences for disjunct distribution from the perspective of insecta molecular phylogeny.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional biotic interchange between Taiwan Island and Mainland China via land bridges—A case study of Obeidia Walker (Geometridae, Lepidoptera)","authors":"Rui Cheng, Nan Jiang, Arong Luo, Michael Orr, Qingsong Zhou, Xiaoyu Shi, Hongxiang Han, Chaodong Zhu","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12653","url":null,"abstract":"Biotic exchanges between Taiwan and Mainland China have shaped the biodiversity and ecosystems of both regions. Exchanges from Mainland China to Taiwan have received more attention, mainly studied in terrestrial vertebrates, while the reverse direction and invertebrates have largely been overlooked. Here, we explore the dispersal events between these two regions based on the moths of three species groups of Obeidia, including Taiwan taxa and its relatives from mainland. We conducted mixed methods and analysis, including reconstructing a phylogenetic tree, estimating associated divergence times and inferring ancestral areas and source regions, to explore the phylogeographical structure and genetic pattern of three groups based on eight genes. Our results revealed a structure of three clades and every clade included at least one Taiwanese taxa and its closest relatives of mainland of China, and also served Taiwan as an important source region of two mainland taxa. Our study revealed various origin pattern and dispersal models on the basis of three species groups of Obeidia. Bi‐directional biotic exchange via a land bridge were found: four Taiwanese taxa originated from mainland, and two of them migrated back to mainland. Both eastern Himalayas and south China are important origin areas for Taiwan biota, and the dominant source region may need multiple insect cases to confirm. Our study also provided evidences for disjunct distribution from the perspective of insecta molecular phylogeny.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zooming in on amphibians: Which is the smallest vertebrate in the world?","authors":"Wendy H. Bolaños, Iuri Ribeiro Dias, Mirco Solé","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12654","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decades several miniaturized frogs have been described from different parts of the world. Those frogs, measuring less than 25 mm, show similar miniaturization features as the loss of phalanges in both the anterior and posterior limbs and the reduction of bone elements. However, there seems to be a limit regarding the minimum size of frogs and here we wanted to find an answer to the question: which is the smallest amphibian in the world? In 2019, an endemic species of toad known only from two localities in southern Bahia, Brazil, was studied. When we compared the size of adult representatives of this species with those of other species discovered in various parts of the world in the last decade, we observed that individuals of <i>Brachycephalus pulex</i> are the amphibians with the smallest total length recorded, thus qualifying them to bear the title of the tiniest anuran amphibian, and also tiniest vertebrate in the world.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capitella (Annelida: Capitellidae) species in the Gulf of Mexico: Delimitation, phylogeography and phylogeny","authors":"Justin Hilliard, Marissa Hajduk, Nuria Méndez, Anja Schulze","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12651","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Capitella</i> spp. are found in marine and estuarine benthos world-wide. They are often treated as environmental sentinels because they occur in high densities in areas of anthropogenic disturbance and organic pollution. However, there are many cryptic species around the world, often grouped into the <i>Capitella capitata</i> complex. Historically, these have been differentiated using allozymes and developmental studies. Recently, single-gene sequencing, especially cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I, and phylogenetic methods have been used to characterise populations around the world. We present molecular support and provide descriptions for five new <i>Capitella</i> spp. from the Gulf of Mexico: <i>Capitella gomexa</i> sp. n., <i>Capitella mandingensis</i> sp. n., <i>Capitella tampe</i> sp. n., <i>Capitella maculosa</i> sp. n. and <i>Capitella loucindae</i> sp. n. Two were recently differentiated on the basis of larval development and morphology. Additionally, we present an updated look at global <i>Capitella</i> phylogeny. While no apparent patterns of phylogeography were recovered, we did find support for a single origin of thoracic acicular spines.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139755040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species delimitation and phylogenetic relationships of the Prionospio complex (Annelida, Spionidae) in the Northeast Atlantic","authors":"Martin M. Hektoen, Torkild Bakken, Torbjørn Ekrem, Vasily I. Radashevsky, Glenn Dunshea","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12648","url":null,"abstract":"The <i>Prionospio</i> complex comprises the most diverse and complex group within the polychaete family Spionidae. The phylogenetic relationships within the group are still poorly understood, and the generic breakdown is unstable. In this study, we assessed the diversity, relationships, and distribution of species of the <i>Prionospio</i> complex occurring in Norwegian waters. We analysed mitochondrial genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA assembled via whole-genome shotgun sequencing, and Sanger sequenced fragments of COI and 16S rDNA. Sanger sequencing proved challenging in the group, where COI was only amplified successfully in 14% of specimens. By molecular species delimitation algorithms, our study revealed the presence of four well-supported but currently undescribed species of <i>Prionospio</i> in Norwegian waters. We observed a novel distribution pattern of polychaetes in coastal waters, where certain species demonstrated distribution ranges spanning over 7000 km. Such wide distribution parallels patterns of deep-sea <i>Prionospio</i> species, suggesting that factors beyond recent anthropogenic translocations are involved. Our analysis of 38 mitochondrial genomes and ribosomal nuclear DNA enabled us to hypothesise on the phylogenetic relationships of 14 species of the <i>Prionospio</i> complex<i>.</i> The analysis suggested that two characters previously used to designate genera: the beginning of the branchiae from chaetiger 3 and the presence of pinnules on the branchiae, might have evolved more than one time within the complex. We return <i>Aurospio banyulensis</i> to the genus <i>Prionospio</i> according to the diagnosis of <i>Aurospio</i> resulting tree where this species was nested among <i>Prionospio</i> species. Our findings provide new insights into the diversity and distribution patterns of <i>Prionospio</i> species and contribute to a better understanding of marine benthic biodiversity and the importance of taxonomic accuracy in conservation and management practices.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation in the Iranian plateau: Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history of the Persian long-tailed desert lizard","authors":"Hamid Boroumand, Reihaneh Saberi-Pirooz, Soheila Shafiei Bafti, Wolfgang Böhme, Faraham Ahmadzadeh","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12649","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Mesalina watsonana</i> is a well-known species of small lacertid lizards with an extensive species distribution that exhibits high genetic diversity. The species has a wide distribution range in Iran, some parts of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India. This study aims to generate phylogenetic and phylogeographic evidence to derive taxonomic recommendations supporting. Furthermore, this species can be used as a model for examining Iranian Platuea's historical biogeography. We conducted a very detailed sampling of its distribution and used genetic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses were done implementing two mitochondrial (Cyt<i>b</i> and 16S) and one nuclear (C-mos) gene fragments. Combination of these results indicated that seven well-supported distinct clades exist within this species complex, i.e. Kerman clade, Esfarayen clade, Halil clade, Ardestan clade, <i>M. watsonana</i> clade, Bardaskan Clade, and Khuzestan Clade in Iran. Also, our results revealed that several distinct clades diverged due to geologic events when the Dasht-e-Kavir and the Zagros Mountains were formed. It seems that the ancestor of <i>M. watsonana</i> spread to Iranian Plateau before the formation of the Zagros Mountains. Orogenic activities of the Zagros Mountains and the formation of deserts have influenced the separation of these lineages from the Late Miocene by allopatric speciation. Generally, our findings suggest that each of the seven clades corresponding to distinct geographic regions deserves to be elevated to the species level.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139662264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic structuring and species boundaries in the Atlantic stony coral Favia (Scleractinia, Faviidae)","authors":"Carolina de Lima Adam, Robert J. Toonen, David B. Carlon, Carla Zilberberg, Marcos Soares Barbeitos","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12652","url":null,"abstract":"Scleractinian corals are the main modern builders of coral reefs, which are major hot spots of marine biodiversity. Southern Atlantic reef corals are understudied compared to their Caribbean and Indo-Pacific counterparts and many hypotheses about their population dynamics demand further testing. We employed thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recovered via ezRAD to characterize genetic population structuring and species boundaries in the amphi-Atlantic hard coral genus <i>Favia</i>. Coalescent-based species delimitation (BFD* – Bayes Factor Delimitation) recovered <i>F. fragum</i> and <i>F. gravida</i> as separate species. Although our results agree with depth-related genetic structuring in <i>F. fragum</i>, they did not support incipient speciation of the ‘tall’ and ‘short’ morphotypes. The preferred scenario also revealed a split between two main lineages of <i>F. gravida</i>, one from Ascension Island and the other from Brazil. The Brazilian lineage is further divided into a species that occurs throughout the Northeastern coast and another that ranges from the Abrolhos Archipelago to the state of Espírito Santo. BFD* scenarios were corroborated by analyses of SNP matrices with varying levels of missing data and by a speciation-based delimitation approach (DELINEATE). Our results challenge current notions about Atlantic reef corals because they uncovered surprising genetic diversity in <i>Favia</i> and rejected the long-standing hypothesis that Abrolhos Archipelago may have served as a Pleistocenic refuge during the last glaciations.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139644913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}