Engineering Studies最新文献_第10页

Principles and Practice of Engineering Exam Pass Rate by Gender 工程类考试性别合格率的原则与实践

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2018.1485024

J. Keen, A. Salvatorelli

引用次数: 2

Teaching Engineers in the Seventeenth Century: European Influences in Portugal 17世纪的工程教学:欧洲对葡萄牙的影响

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2018.1480627

Antónia Fialho Conde, M. Massa-Esteve

{"title":"Teaching Engineers in the Seventeenth Century: European Influences in Portugal","authors":"Antónia Fialho Conde, M. Massa-Esteve","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2018.1480627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2018.1480627","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The practice of mathematics underwent a major transformation in the seventeenth century due to new procedures and concepts that also showed their utility for military architecture. The circulation of this knowledge can be found in several works. In this paper, we focus on an early work on Portuguese fortifications, Methodo Lusitanico de Desenhar as Fortificaçoens das Praças Regulares & Irregulares (Lusitanic Method of Drawing Fortifications of Regular and Irregular Military Posts), published posthumously in 1680, the author of which was the leading Portuguese Chief Cosmographer and Chief Engineer, Luis Serrão Pimentel (1613–1679). Methodo Lusitanico was a novel work containing the author’s own theoretical explorations of the art and science of fortification in Portugal arising from the theoretical investigations and military education sponsored by the Portuguese Crown. The aim of our contribution is to show the European influences on Portuguese science in the seventeenth century through the analysis of an early work on modern fortifications written in the Portuguese language and by a Portuguese scholar. As far as the contents of the book are concerned, we show that Serrão Pimentel analyzes and reviews the published methods of fortification, and modifies them by introducing new procedures to improve the use of mathematics in the teaching of engineers. Our analysis also shows that Serrão Pimentel was a leading mathematician and a skillful teacher who had read the main mathematical works published at his time, such as Stevin’s decimal arithmetic, and used them in practice.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2018.1480627","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42505846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

New Editor-in-Chief Editorial 新任总编辑

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2018.1427748

Cyrus C. M. Mody

引用次数: 4

Beyond Efficiency: Engineering for Sustainability Requires Solving for Pattern 超越效率:可持续性工程需要解决模式

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2017.1410160

G. Date, S. Chandrasekharan

{"title":"Beyond Efficiency: Engineering for Sustainability Requires Solving for Pattern","authors":"G. Date, S. Chandrasekharan","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2017.1410160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2017.1410160","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a consensus that engineering design practice and education needs to change, to address the sustainability challenges facing the planet. This shift towards sustainability engineering requires illustrating successful design practices that embed sustainability values, particularly designs that move away from the current focus on input–output efficiency, towards eco-social and socio-technical approaches to design. We present three cases where the designs illustrate such a widening of the design space, to include parameters beyond input–output efficiency and optimization for profit, and leading to innovative socio-technical solutions. These cases suggest that the socio-technical connection is highly plastic, allowing for a range of ways in which the ecological, social, and technical could come together to form innovative and sustainable solutions. They illustrate a novel design principle – ‘Solving for Pattern’ – where the designs seek to address many problems simultaneously in an interconnected way. These cases indicate that designing for sustainability requires a broadening of the roles and identities of engineering designers, to include themes wider than engineering sciences and mathematics. Including these and similar case studies in engineering curricula could support the shift towards such a broader engineering design identity, where sustainability is a key component of design practice.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2017.1410160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46678221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Doing STS in STEM Spaces: Experiments in Critical Participation 在STEM空间做STS:批判性参与实验

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2018.1447576

Emily York

{"title":"Doing STS in STEM Spaces: Experiments in Critical Participation","authors":"Emily York","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2018.1447576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2018.1447576","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is a story of critical participation in engineering and applied science spaces that examines the challenges and opportunities of STS (Science and Technology Studies) experiments in relation to disciplinary identity, institutional values, and the power dynamics at work in the experiment. Comparing my experiences as an STS graduate student negotiating access in a research-oriented nanoengineering department geared toward capital formation, and as an assistant professor in a teaching-oriented applied science department geared toward holistic problem-solving, I highlight the necessity of creating mutual benefit and shared interest for STS approaches to gain traction in these spaces. At the same time, I describe the ways that institutional imperatives and power dynamics enable and constrain the possibilities for doing so. I argue that making STS relevant in STEM spaces requires paying close attention to the language through which scientists and engineers express their perspectives, values, and challenges, and it requires exercising a level of opportunism in identifying ways to make STS insights visible and legitimate. Teaching in a multidisciplinary curriculum builds on shared interest in education, potentially enabling disparate perspectives to come into dialogue as part of mutual world-building.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2018.1447576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41554806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Academic and Professional Values in Engineering Education: Engaging with History to Explore a Persistent Tension 工程教育中的学术和职业价值观：与历史接触，探索一种持久的张力

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2018.1424860

K. Edström

{"title":"Academic and Professional Values in Engineering Education: Engaging with History to Explore a Persistent Tension","authors":"K. Edström","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2018.1424860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2018.1424860","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The tension between academic and professional aims of engineering education is a remarkably consistent challenge facing engineering educators. Here, some historical roots of this issue are traced through the life and work of Carl Richard Söderberg (1895–1979), who emigrated from Sweden to the US for an illustrious industrial and academic career. While Söderberg was a proponent for a more science-based curriculum, his rationale was related to solving real professional problems, and he would come to criticise the distancing of engineering education from engineering practice. Söderberg's views are compared to a present-day reform concept for engineering education, the CDIO approach, founded by MIT and three Swedish universities. The similarities show the persistence of the issue, as many of Söderberg's ideals, arguments, and proposed strategies are fully recognisable in the current discussion. Further, Söderberg and CDIO share the ideal of mutually supporting professional and disciplinary preparation, implying that the tension should not be a zero-sum game. The paths to this ideal were different, however, as Söderberg wanted to integrate theoretical aspects to improve an overly practical education, while CDIO is about improving an overly theoretical education by integrating also other necessary professional aspects.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2018.1424860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47576453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Motivations to Leave Engineering: Through a Lens of Social Responsibility 离开工程师的动机:通过社会责任的视角

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2017-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2017.1397159

Greg Rulifson, A. Bielefeldt

{"title":"Motivations to Leave Engineering: Through a Lens of Social Responsibility","authors":"Greg Rulifson, A. Bielefeldt","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2017.1397159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2017.1397159","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Engineering should include concern for people, communities, and societal welfare at the heart of the profession. Focusing on these helping attributes of engineering may help draw individuals, particularly women, into the field. However, are prosocially motivated individuals leaving engineering during college due to the lack of social responsibility (SR) typically portrayed in their education? Understanding more about students’ reasons for leaving in relation to perceived social responsibilities through their careers can help fill this literature gap. Thirty-four students initially majoring in engineering participated in a qualitative study of SR in engineering. Among this cohort, 7 of 14 women motivated to help people/society through engineering left, compared with 0 of 7 whose professional motivations were less related to social impact goals. Three rounds of hour-long interviews with nine students who left engineering explored reasons for leaving, if/how their personal SR impacted their decision, and social impact opportunities they envisioned through their new potential career path. The interviews show professional prosocial desires are motivation to leave combined with unsupportive environments, decontextualized technical courses, and curricular difficulty. These results provide insights for those trying to: understand why talented students choose to leave engineering, and create a more responsible and caring engineering profession.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2017.1397159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42850165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Expanding Efficiency: Women's Communication in Engineering 拓展效率：女性在工程中的沟通

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2017-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2017.1397677

Jennifer C. Mallette

{"title":"Expanding Efficiency: Women's Communication in Engineering","authors":"Jennifer C. Mallette","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2017.1397677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2017.1397677","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As engineering fields strive to be more inclusive of women, focusing on perceptions of women's work is vital to understanding how women can succeed and the limitations they may face. One area in need of more attention is the connection between communication and women's experiences in engineering. This article examines the gendered nature of writing labor in engineering, focusing on case studies of three women who were able to use writing effectively, yet how communication emerged as a gendered form of labor subject to gendered perceptions. While these women's communication skills led to professional success, their association with writing echoes a historical division, where writing is viewed as less valuable than technical knowledge. This division has the potential to disadvantage women who are asked to take on more writing-related tasks. In addition, their writing and communication are subject to gendered perceptions of being ‘chatty’ or blunt rather than effective or efficient. Articulating these perceptions and attitudes can lead to a breakdown of the binary between writing and technical labor as well as appropriately valuing the contributions women make in engineering through writing.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2017.1397677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44724567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Rigor/Us: Building Boundaries and Disciplining Diversity with Standards of Merit Rigor/Us:Building Boundaries and Discipining Diversity with Standards of Merit

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2017-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2017.1408631

D. Riley

引用次数: 74

Contextualizing the Code: Ethical Support and Professional Interests in the Creation and Institutionalization of the 1974 IEEE Code of Ethics 《规范的语境化:1974年IEEE道德规范的创建和制度化中的伦理支持和职业利益》

IF 1.7 3区工程技术

Engineering Studies Pub Date : 2017-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2017.1401630

Xiaofeng Tang, Dean Nieusma

{"title":"Contextualizing the Code: Ethical Support and Professional Interests in the Creation and Institutionalization of the 1974 IEEE Code of Ethics","authors":"Xiaofeng Tang, Dean Nieusma","doi":"10.1080/19378629.2017.1401630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378629.2017.1401630","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In many engineering ethics classes, codes of ethics are presented as if they are self-evident yardsticks for gauging ethical decisions in engineering. In this article, we argue that focusing solely on the content of ethics codes without examining the professional contexts in which codes are created – and are made meaningful – misses important opportunities to understand the engineering profession's ethical aspirations and how such codes affect engineers’ professional identities. Our analysis demonstrates a ‘contextualized reading’ of an engineering code of ethics through a historical case study consisting of two successive episodes: In the first episode, we show how engineers’ yearning for ethical support and their competing interpretations of professional interests catalyzed the creation of the first Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Code of Ethics in 1974; the second episode of the case documents the complex institutional processes followed by IEEE members to ensure compliance with the code of ethics in professional practice. For engineering studies scholars, tracing the historical context of codes of ethics offers a pathway to understand engineers’ ‘existential struggles’ – that is, how engineers responded to major challenges and crises as a profession – at a particular historical moment. For engineering ethics educators, revealing how ethics codes operate in the institutional context of professional organizations prepares students to appreciate the ethical horizon of the profession they inherit as well as to redirect or expand that horizon moving into the future.","PeriodicalId":49207,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19378629.2017.1401630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45235975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4