Journal of Optical Networking最新文献

{"title":"Lightpath rerouting in wavelength-routed WDM networks","authors":"Xiaowen Chu, H. Yin, Xiangyang Li","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000721","url":null,"abstract":"Rerouting is a viable and cost-effective approach to decrease the blocking probability in legacy circuit-switched networks. We study lightpath rerouting in optical WDM networks in this paper. First, we investigate two different lightpath-rerouting strategies, namely, passive rerouting and intentional rerouting. Passive rerouting means the rerouting of existing lightpaths to accommodate new lightpath requests that will otherwise be blocked. Intentional rerouting is intentionally rerouting existing lightpaths during their life period to achieve better load balancing. Second, we investigate the hybrid rerouting scheme, which combines passive rerouting and intentional rerouting. Through extensive simulation studies, we draw the following conclusions: (1) when there is wavelength conversion, passive rerouting works much better than intentional rerouting, and hybrid rerouting can only improve the performance over passive rerouting slightly, and (2) when there is no wavelength conversion, a naive-wavelength-retuning algorithm can achieve the most benefit of passive rerouting, whereas path adjusting does not help any further; however, the hybrid rerouting scheme can improve the blocking performance significantly.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"721-735"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical millimeter-wave signal generation and wavelength reuse for upstream connection in radio-over-fiber systems","authors":"Z. Dong, J. Lu, Yazhi Pi, Xiaoyan Lei, Lin Chen, Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000736","url":null,"abstract":"We theoretically and experimentally investigate three different schemes to generate optical millimeter-wave and wavelength reuse for uplink connection in radio-over-fiber (ROF) systems. In these schemes, the optical millimeter waves (mm-waves) are generated via a LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator with the double-sidebands scheme. Particularly, we experimentally demonstrate what we believe to be a new scheme (scheme III) to genetate optical mm-waves by a multiple double-frequency technique to further reduce the overall cost. We compare the performance of the three different schemes for ROF systems considering the cost and configuration of their architectures.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"736-743"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000736","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer with power compensation built-in optical amplifiers","authors":"S. Liaw, Yao-Sheng Hsieh, Wan-Lin Cheng, Chu-Lin Chang, Hong-Fu Ting","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000662","url":null,"abstract":"A power-compensated bidirectional reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (Bi-ROADM) based on tunable fiber Bragg gratings is proposed and demonstrated. By splicing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) within a piece of an erbium-doped fiber, a lossless, low-cost, and simply structured Bi-ROADM is obtained. The total pumping power is 40mW with 0.6m of gain fiber for both upstream and downstream signals. The Bi-ROADM performance is evaluated using a bidirectional four-channel 50km lightwave transmission link using a 2.5Gbits/s bit rate per channel. Bit-error-rate (BER) performances show that the power penalties are 0.49 and 0.76dB at a 10−9 BER, respectively, for the 25km dropped channel and the 50km passed-through channel as compared to the back-to-back condition. An extra power penalty of only 0.2dB is observed for bidirectional transmission compared to the unidirectional transmission case. Cross-talk issues and chromatic dispersion are also studied. The induced power penalty by adjacent channel cross talk is negligible (≦0.2dB) with a narrow channel spacing of 1.0nm. The induced power penalty by intraband (homodyne) cross talk is also negligible for the cross-talk level of −30dB, corresponding to 99.9% reflectivity of the FBG. The Bi-ROADM may find important applications in bidirectional WDM networks and/or bidirectional transmission.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"662-672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of quadratic congruence codes using superstructured fiber Bragg gratings for a flexible data rate coherent DS-OCDMA system","authors":"I. Fsaifes, C. Lepers, R. Gabet, M. Douay, P. Gallion","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000692","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a coherent direct sequence optical code division multiple access (DS-OCDMA) system using quadratic congruence codes implemented with superstructured fiber Bragg gratings is experimentally analyzed. We point out that nonperiodic and sparse quadratic congruence codes reduce multipath beat noise and intersymbol interference, respectively. These two properties of the structure of the quadratic congruence codes are shown to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the coherent system. As a result, we demonstrate that the performance enhancement of the coherent DS-OCDMA system allows the data bit rate of the system to be varied from 1 Gbit/sto2.5 Gbits/s and the receiver bandwidth to be decreased from 15 GHzto5 GHz respecting the low-cost requirement of the optical access network. These data bit rate and receiver bandwidth performances are achieved with moderate BER penalty.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"81 1","pages":"692-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000692","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to p-cycle network design with controlled optical path lengths in the restored network state","authors":"Diane Prisca Onguetou, W. Grover","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000673","url":null,"abstract":"In a transparent optical network it is desirable to have design control over the length of normal working paths and over the end-to-end length of paths in any restored network state. An obvious approach with p-cycles is to limit the maximum allowable circumference of candidate cycles considered in the network design. But this is somewhat inefficient and does not directly control the end-to-end length of paths in a restored state; it only controls the maximum length of protection path-segments that might be substituted into a working path on failure. Another basic strategy is now considered. It consists of systematically matching shorter working paths with longer protection path-segments through p-cycles, and vice versa, with direct consideration of the end-to-end length of paths in the restored network state during the design. This complementary matching notion is studied through an integer linear programming (ILP) model to minimize cost while intelligently associating longer working paths with shorter protection path-segments and vice versa. The basic ILP is adapted in one case to minimize the average restored state path lengths; in another to achieve the least possible longest path length; and, finally, to also constrain all restored path lengths under a fixed limit. Each variation can also be subject to a requirement of using only the theoretically minimal spare capacity or, through bi-criteria methods, a minimal amount of additional spare capacity for the corresponding objective on path lengths. Taken overall the work provides the means to design an entire transparent survivable island that respects the transparent reach limits of a given ultra-long-haul technology. A heuristic combination of ILP and genetic algorithm methods is also developed to solve some of the larger problems and is shown to perform well.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"673-691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Networks for the Future Internet","authors":"L. Wosinska, D. Simeonidou, A. Tzanakaki, C. Raffaelli, C. Politi","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.00000I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.00000I","url":null,"abstract":"Call for Papers: Optical Networks for the Future Internet Associate Editor Lena Wosinska Guest Editors Dimitra Simeonidou, Anna Tzanakaki, Carla Raffaelli, Christina (Tanya) Politi\u0000 Submission Deadline: 1 November 2008 In the past 30 years the Internet has been very\u0000successful while developing through an incremental approach. The\u0000evolution of the Internet's popularity has led to its current\u0000central position as a fundamental enabler of the world's economy.\u0000Several developments have allowed the Internet to adjust to this\u0000evolving role, and one of the fundamental drivers has been the\u0000wide availability of broadband connections based on optical\u0000transmission technologies. However, there are many challenges to\u0000be foreseen as driving forces to redefine the Internet. The\u0000traffic demand is increasing exponentially due to the growing\u0000number of users and offered bandwidth per user as well as the\u0000large data flows that are transferred between users. In addition,\u0000an enormous increase in on-line content offered by the Internet is\u0000expected to continue. These network scaling requirements, both in\u0000terms of number of users, their devices, and bandwidth are key\u0000facets of the future Internet that has not been fully explored\u0000anywhere and will potentially require major contributions from the\u0000photonics research community. The existing Internet was not\u0000originally designed to scale to billions of users and to the\u0000multi-Gbits/s transmission rates to the desktop that will be found\u0000in future applications supporting computational data, sensor\u0000grids, digital cinema, storage, etc. This special issue will solicit contributions discussing the most significant aspects that will position optical technologies as a fundamental contributor in defining the future Internet architecture. Some of these aspects will be scalability, programmability, parallelism, network adaptations, and network management. The scope of the papers includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:\u0000 Scalable optical network architectures for the future Internet Optical network security, reliability, survivability, and quality of service provisioning Optical network architectures supporting future Internet applications User control of network infrastructure and services New service paradigms Internet routing architectures supporting future optical networks Energy- and cost-efficient optical networks \u0000To submit to this special issue, follow the normal procedure for submission to JON, indicating \"Feature Issue: ONFint\" in the \"Comments\" field of the online submission form. Also please specify that the manuscript is for the Optical Networks for the Future Internet feature (choose from the feature issue drop-down menu). For all other questions relating to this feature issue, please send an e-mail to jon@osa.org, subject line \"Feature Issue: ONFInt\" Additional information can be found on the JON website: http://www.osa-jon.org/journal/jon/author.cfm .\u0000 Submission Deadline: 1 November 2008","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66587063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and analysis of partial protection mechanisms in groomed optical WDM mesh networks","authors":"M. Sivakumar, Jing Fang, K. Sivalingam, Arun Kumar Somani","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000617","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the problem of survivable network design in traffic-groomed optical WDM mesh networks that support subwavelength capacity connections. In typical survivable network designs, individual sessions are provided either full protection or no protection. We consider a quality of protection (QoP) framework where a connection is provided partial protection, i.e., when a link failure occurs on the primary path, the protection bandwidth provided on the backup path is less than or equal to the primary bandwidth. Each connection request specifies the primary bandwidth and a minimum backup bandwidth required. The network will guarantee at least the minimum backup bandwidth and, if capacity is available, higher backup bandwidth up to the primary path's bandwidth. The advantage of such a model is that it can reduce backup capacity requirements based on connection needs leading to lower blocking probability and lower network costs. We consider two scenarios: (i) a network with static traffic that is designed using an integer linear program (ILP) formulation and (ii) a network with dynamic traffic for which we present a heuristic connection admission control algorithm that prevents backup resource contention during recovery from a link failure. The results quantify the gain in blocking probability for different partial protection scenarios. The mechanism proposed to counter backup contention is seen to provide an average of 120% reduction in the contention among backup paths of connections traversing a link, especially when the number of wavelengths in each link is small.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"617-634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network performance improvement through differentiated survivability services in WDM networks","authors":"G. Markidis, A. Tzanakaki","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000564","url":null,"abstract":"Core networks based on WDM technology constitute a promising and viable solution to support emerging applications requiring high availability, reliability, and quality of service guarantees. Due to the enormous bandwidth offered by these networks and the increasing number of “mission critical” applications, survivability is becoming an essential network design aspect. We focus on providing resilience in WDM optical networks supporting differentiated survivability traffic requirements. Our work is based on the backup multiplexing technique in order to facilitate efficient resource sharing and investigate different routing and wavelength assignment schemes that considerably enhance the spare capacity utilization. A simple approach that can be used to assign different classes of service supporting varying restoration requirements is proposed, and significant network performance improvement is demonstrated through relevant simulations.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"564-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66588656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost gigabit PCF transceivers using commercially available logic ICs for short-range optical networks","authors":"N. Fujimoto, A. Ishizuka, M. Moriya, M. Goto","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000585","url":null,"abstract":"We propose low-cost gigabit optical transceivers for broadband and short-range communication networks using plastic clad optical fiber. The transceivers can be used for broadband home and intravehicle local area networks based on optical IEEE1394, large-throughput optical interconnection, digital visual interfaces, and so on. We have fabricated a 500Mbit/s or a 1.25Gbit/s low-cost optical transceiver with a proposed simple circuit configuration. Simple assembly technologies have also been improved for mounting to reduce assembly cost. The total cost of the fabricated optical transceiver can be reduced to less than 2/3 compared with the cost of a conventional transceiver.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"585-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survivable broadband local access PON architecture: a new direction for supporting simple and efficient resilience capabilities","authors":"A. D. Hossain, H. Erkan, A. Hadjiantonis, R. Dorsinville, G. Ellinas, Mohamed A. Ali","doi":"10.1364/JON.7.000645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JON.7.000645","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a two-fiber self-healing ring-based local access passive optical network (PON) architecture that addresses some of the limitations of current tree-based PON architectures including supporting private networking capability as well as providing simple and cost-effective fully distributed resilience capabilities against most kinds of networking failures. Specifically, this work proposes and devises a simple self-healing Ethernet PON architecture that supports a truly shared LAN capability among end users. The main characteristic of the proposed architecture is that it supports a fully distributed control plane among the optical network units (ONUs) for ONU-to-ONU communication. The control plane supports fully distributed fault detection and recovery mechanisms as well as a decentralized dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme in which the optical line terminator is excluded from both the bandwidth arbitration and fault detection and recovery processes. The proposed decentralized automatic protection switching technique is capable of protecting against both node (ONU) and fiber failures (distribution and trunk) through active participation of ONUs. This scheme enables the recovery of all network traffic including upstream, downstream, and LAN data. In addition, the proposed protection technique can protect against any combination of concurrent double failures including trunk and distribution fiber breaks and node failures.","PeriodicalId":49154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Networking","volume":"7 1","pages":"645-661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1364/JON.7.000645","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66589402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}