British Journal of Occupational Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Translation and validation of the Role Checklist into the Malay version among retirees","authors":"Mohamad Qayum MOHAMAD SABRI, Qistina Taqifa Syakir Menon, Nur Farahim Aisyah Mohd Razali, Akehsan Dahlan, R. Thurasamy, A. Z. Che Daud","doi":"10.1177/03080226231190314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231190314","url":null,"abstract":"Retirees undergo role transition after leaving their job. Hence, occupational therapists may assess retirees’ roles to identify their current roles’ satisfaction and anticipation. As Malaysian culture and language differed from the origin of the Role Checklist, this study aimed to translate and validate the Role Checklist into the Malay version cross-culturally. A forward–backwards translation was conducted, followed by pilot testing among 9 experts and 20 retirees. A cross-sectional study was done among 122 Malaysian retirees to identify the translated instrument’s test–retest reliability, discriminant and convergent validity. The Role Checklist – Malay achieved almost perfect Average Content Validity Index (0.95–0.98) and Average Face Validity Index (0.92–0.96), good to excellent test–retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.654–0.976, and moderate to perfect agreement of Cohen’s kappa (0.620–1.00). Additionally, there were significant differences in the total number of roles ( p < 0.001) and total desired future roles ( p < 0.001) between retirees living in the community and institution. The total number of roles was positively correlated with the SWLS – Malay ( rs = 0.593, p < 0.001), EQ-5D-3L – Malay ( rs = 0.366, p < .001) and MSPSS – Malay ( rs = 0.314, p < 0.001). The Role Checklist – Malay was a valid and reliable instrument among Malaysian retirees.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies used by people with systemic sclerosis to perform valued occupations","authors":"J. Poole, Monica Baldonado, Aubrie Powell, Virginia Stofer Hukill","doi":"10.1177/03080226231190506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231190506","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the strategies used by people with systemic sclerosis to perform valued obligatory (self-care), committed (home management, care of others, productivity), and discretionary (leisure and socialization) activities. This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 92 people with systemic sclerosis who completed the Valued Life Activities Scale (VLA). The VLA categorizes activities into three main domains: obligatory, committed, and discretionary. Participants indicated the type of adaptive strategy used for each activity (assistive devices, personal assistance, limited frequency, and taking more time). Participants also completed a demographic questionnaire and measures of pain, fatigue, depression, and daily activity performance. Frequency counts were calculated for strategies used for each activity. One-way analyses of variance compared the mean use of strategies across the three domains (obligatory, committed, and discretionary). Pearson correlation coefficients calculated relationships between strategy use and pain, fatigue, depression, and daily activity performance. Significantly, more strategies were used for committed activities compared to obligatory activities. Limiting the frequency of performing an activity was used significantly more for committed and discretionary activities than for obligatory activities. The least used strategies were assistive devices and assistance from another person. Fatigue and depression were related to strategy use, whereas pain and daily activity performance were not. People with systemic sclerosis use adaptive strategies to perform VLA. However, the strategies, most frequently used, such as taking more time or limiting the frequency of performing some activities, may result in relinquishing other valued activities.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42531095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions about positive mental health among university students from Southern India: An occupational perspective","authors":"Hasti Divecha, Vinita Acharya","doi":"10.1177/03080226231190312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231190312","url":null,"abstract":"Positive mental health (PMH) is essential for a healthy and fulfilling life. Lack of it may lead to increased negative thoughts and the use of unhealthy coping mechanisms. This study aimed to explore university students’ perceptions of PMH from an occupational perspective. Six online focus groups with participants recruited through purposive sampling were conducted among university students in southern India. A semi-structured interview guide facilitated the data collection. Thematic analysis was done for the transcribed data. Two themes emerged from the data: “No health without mental health” and “action plan for mental health.” The findings reflected participants’ understanding of mental health and its relation to socio-emotional wellbeing, positive state of mind, and productivity. They described the use of various personal strategies including certain occupations for mental health promotion. The findings suggest that students were mindful of the significance of the presence or absence of PMH. They valued the role of daily habits and routines in maintaining PMH. Future intervention programs for PMH can be developed by integrating an occupational perspective.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48253564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book of Abstracts","authors":"Simone Righi, Shirsendu Podder, F. Pancotto, R. Neck, D. Blueschke, Alexandra Rausch, I. Minelli, Stephan Leitner, P. Pellizzari, Friederike","doi":"10.1177/03080226231188911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231188911","url":null,"abstract":"1 Cooperative behaviour has been extensively studied, in both evolutionary biology and the social sciences, as a choice between cooperation and defection. However, in many cases, the possibility to not participate or to exit a situation is also available. This type of problem can be studied through the optional public goods game (OPGG). The introduction of the ‘Loner’ strategy, allows players to withdraw from the public goods game, radically changing the dynamics of cooperation in social groups and leading to a never-ending cooperator-defector-loner cycle. While pro-social punishment has been found to help increase cooperation, anti-social punishment - where defectors punish cooperators - causes the downfall of cooperation in both experimental and theoretical studies. In this paper, we extend the theory of the optional public goods game with and Agent-based model, introducing reputational dynamics in the form of social norms that allow agents to condition both their participation and contribution decisions to the reputation of their peers. We benchmark this setup both with respect to the standard optional public goods game and to the variant where all types of punishment are allowed. We find that a social norm imposing a more moderate reputational penalty for opting out than for defecting, increases cooperation. When, besides reputation, punishment is also possible, the two mechanisms work synergically under all norms that do not punish loners too harshly. Under this latter setup, the high levels of cooperation are sustained by conditional strategies, which largely reduce the use of pro-social punishment and almost eliminate anti-social punishment. Our contribution sheds light on the surprising success of reputation in a world under the contemporaneous threat of exploitation and of anti-social punishment. Finally, our results contribute to identifying the conditions that allow e ff ective collective action in the presence of the possibility to opt-out of interactions. Extended abstract 1 We consider a model of a financial market a là Grossmann and Stiglitz, where three types of boundedly rational agents can either trade buying a costly normal signal ✓ on the future return, D + ✓ t + ✏ t ; alternatively, they can trade assuming that some fake news ⇣ t is informative when indeed it’s not, see [1], as ⇣ t ? ✏ t ? ✓ t , 8 t . Agents can choose not to use any signal and stay uninformed. Minimal learning capabilities are introduced in the model: intuitively, every T periods, agents change behaviour when they see that other strategies happen to have produced higher revenues. This copycat learning mechanism is augmented with tiny rates of random mutations. We retrieve some of the findings of the original Grossmann and Stiglitz model and obtain several novel and sharp results. First, we obtain an equilibrium, where the probability to gain more than other strategies is the same as the one of getting less, for all types. We named this peculiar situation, in whi","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"86 1","pages":"1 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41373890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Clinical Guideline for Stroke for the United Kingdom and Ireland: Part I – An overview of the updated recommendations","authors":"J. Crow, Alexander Smith","doi":"10.1177/03080226231188020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231188020","url":null,"abstract":"The National Clinical Guideline for Stroke 2023 (Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party, 2023) marks a new ambition for stroke rehabilitation. Launched in April 2023, they propose a raft of recommendations that will transform occupational therapy provided to people with stroke and their families. It should be noted that the guidelines are a ‘partial’ update with some sections being out of scope for update, in which case the 2016 recommendations are carried forward. At the guidelines launch, two stroke survivors presented the plain language summary [https://www.stroke guideline.org/plainlanguagesummary/] and highlighted the importance of using this accessible educational tool with stroke survivors and their families to inform them of what they can expect along the pathway. Over the next two editions of The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, we will firstly present the new recommendations most pertinent to occupational therapists and secondly explore the opportunities and challenges these recommendations present for occupational therapy practice across the stroke pathway.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"86 1","pages":"661 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43808700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain metastasis, secondary to breast cancer, and strategies for improving quality of life","authors":"Sabina Khan","doi":"10.1177/03080226231190508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231190508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43079336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the engagement in meaningful activities survey","authors":"E. Cruyt, Mike Jarrey, Ank Eijkelkamp, P. Vlerick, M. De Letter, K. Oostra, P. Calders, R. de Pauw, A. Costenoble, I. Bautmans, D. van de Velde, P. De Vriendt","doi":"10.1177/03080226231187827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231187827","url":null,"abstract":"Engaging in meaningful activities contributes to health and well-being. Therefore, it is important to measure this with reliable and valid evaluation tools. The Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS-VL) has been cross-culturally validated in Flemish and the psychometric properties determined. The adaptation process followed the guidelines ‘Translation and Adaptation of Instruments’ and ‘Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self Report’. A forward and backward translation was performed. Three authors of the original EMAS were in close contact. Pretesting and cognitive interviews were performed on a sample of 10 chronically ill individuals. Psychometric analysis of survey data, collected during the COVID-19 lockdown ( N = 1938 Belgian adults, Flemish speaking), was performed. Internal consistency, factorial validity and construct validity were examined. The adaptation process involved an accurate analysis of the items of the EMAS by the expert panel and EMAS authors. The EMAS-VL showed high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.91). Exploratory factor analysis discerned an interpretable two-factorial structure of the EMAS-VL. As hypothesized, moderate associations were found between GHQ-12 ( r = −0.57) and CD-RISC ( r = 0.50) so the EMAS-VL possesses satisfactory construct validity as well. EMAS-VL is shown to be a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating meaning in activities in Flanders.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43505543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving to a digital only library","authors":"Lorna Rutherford","doi":"10.1177/03080226231188597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231188597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"86 1","pages":"597 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the use of assistance dogs to enhance participation in everyday occupations for people with mobility challenges","authors":"Mary Isaacson, C. Hellman","doi":"10.1177/03080226231188013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231188013","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of assistance dogs on an individual’s life is multifaceted. The occupational therapist must identify how assistance dogs enhance occupational performance and influence an individual’s life. This study aims to deepen our understanding about the benefits and challenges of assistance dogs for individuals with mobility challenges. The qualitative data analysis included codes and theme identification. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, including mean, standard deviation, and Cronbach’s alpha (score reliability). Results indicate that the job of the assistance dog is comprehensive and complex. Assistance dogs support independence, provide hope through occupations, assist with general and client-specific needs, and provide companionship. The use of occupational therapy outcome tools to assess the benefits of service dogs adds to the body of literature. A service dog enhances occupational performance at home, work, school, and community. This unique study aims to deepen the understanding of the benefits and challenges of assistance dogs as an occupational therapy intervention for individuals with mobility challenges.","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49641187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of microaggressions on occupational performance for Muslims","authors":"Sabina Khan","doi":"10.1177/03080226231188010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03080226231188010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49096,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46334127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}