{"title":"Concluding remarks: Polymerisation and depolymerisation chemistry: the second century","authors":"Stefan Mecking","doi":"10.1039/D5FD00146C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD00146C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >These concluding remarks summarize the <em>Faraday Discussion</em> meeting titled “Polymerisation and depolymerisation chemistry: the second century” held in Oxford, UK in September 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 553-555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rigoberto Advincula, Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Antoine Buchard, Frederica Butler, Debashis Chakraborty, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott H. Denton, Wayne Hayes, Jack Hughes, Gavin Irvine, Philippa L. Jacob, Tanja Junkers, Francesca M. Kerton, Victoria Lohmann, Thom McGuire, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel K. O'Reilly, Maartje Otten, Rachel H. Platel, Adam Redfearn, Charles Romain, Matt Unthank, Ying Wang and Laihui Xiao
{"title":"Polymerisation processes and computational methods to control structure: general discussion","authors":"Rigoberto Advincula, Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Antoine Buchard, Frederica Butler, Debashis Chakraborty, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott H. Denton, Wayne Hayes, Jack Hughes, Gavin Irvine, Philippa L. Jacob, Tanja Junkers, Francesca M. Kerton, Victoria Lohmann, Thom McGuire, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel K. O'Reilly, Maartje Otten, Rachel H. Platel, Adam Redfearn, Charles Romain, Matt Unthank, Ying Wang and Laihui Xiao","doi":"10.1039/D5FD90054A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD90054A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 541-552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145754818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rigoberto Advincula, Beatrix Bernhardt, Tim Melander Bowden, Antoine Buchard, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Henri Cramail, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott H. Denton, Yutan Getzler, Michael Harris, Marc A. Hillmyer, Steve Howdle, Jack Hughes, Jonathan Husband, Derek J. Irvine, Gavin Irvine, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, David Hermann Lamparelli, Katja Loos, Mina Mazzeo, Stefan Mecking, Quentin Michaudel, Jerry Mintah, Axel Neffe, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel H. Platel, Mohammed Mahmudur Rahman, James Railton, Adam Redfearn, Charles Romain, Vincenzo Taresco, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Matt Unthank, Charlotte K. Williams and Nathan Wybo
{"title":"Novel feedstocks: general discussion","authors":"Rigoberto Advincula, Beatrix Bernhardt, Tim Melander Bowden, Antoine Buchard, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Henri Cramail, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott H. Denton, Yutan Getzler, Michael Harris, Marc A. Hillmyer, Steve Howdle, Jack Hughes, Jonathan Husband, Derek J. Irvine, Gavin Irvine, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, David Hermann Lamparelli, Katja Loos, Mina Mazzeo, Stefan Mecking, Quentin Michaudel, Jerry Mintah, Axel Neffe, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel H. Platel, Mohammed Mahmudur Rahman, James Railton, Adam Redfearn, Charles Romain, Vincenzo Taresco, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Matt Unthank, Charlotte K. Williams and Nathan Wybo","doi":"10.1039/D5FD90051D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD90051D","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 169-190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Concluding remarks: Faraday Discussion on Frontiers in physical chemistry in lignin valorization","authors":"Katalin Barta","doi":"10.1039/D5FD00153F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD00153F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The valorisation of lignin, the only high-volume, naturally occurring aromatic biopolymer, represents an essential frontier for the sustainable production of chemicals and materials. However, despite its tremendous potential, lignin still remains the “dark horse” of biorefining – harbouring great promise yet still insufficiently understood. This closing personal perspective summarizes the recent <em>Faraday Discussion</em> on ‘Frontiers in physical chemistry for lignin valorisation’, framing the multidisciplinary efforts required to transition this field into industrial viability. The meeting presented work across four critical domains: fundamental structural understanding, stabilization during extraction and processing, conversion of technical lignins, and strategies for compatibilisation with commercial applications. The discussion reinforced that future success hinges on achieving mastery over several interconnected domains: relating fundamental studies on structure, morphology and reactivity to industrially relevant processing and product development strategies. By leveraging in-depth analytical methods, exercising precise control over supramolecular interactions, understanding structure-reactivity aspects, and maintaining a holistic focus on techno-economics and circularity, we can harness the promise of this important renewable feedstock, establishing lignin’s key role in future bio- and circular-economy strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"263 ","pages":" 479-497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12758449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Tim Melander Bowden, Arianna Brandolese, Antoine Buchard, Frederica Butler, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Eleanor Trudinger Charnley, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott Denton, Michael Harris, Sonja Herres-Pawlis, Marc A. Hillmyer, Jack Hughes, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, Mina Mazzeo, Thom McGuire, Stefan Mecking, Quentin Michaudel, Jerry Mintah, Axel Neffe, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel H. Platel, Charles Romain, Mrunal Tamhankar, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Federica Tufano, Ying Wang, Charlotte K. Williams and Yunqing Zhu
{"title":"Catalysis: general discussion","authors":"Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Tim Melander Bowden, Arianna Brandolese, Antoine Buchard, Frederica Butler, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Eleanor Trudinger Charnley, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Elliott Denton, Michael Harris, Sonja Herres-Pawlis, Marc A. Hillmyer, Jack Hughes, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, Mina Mazzeo, Thom McGuire, Stefan Mecking, Quentin Michaudel, Jerry Mintah, Axel Neffe, Kyoko Nozaki, Rachel H. Platel, Charles Romain, Mrunal Tamhankar, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Federica Tufano, Ying Wang, Charlotte K. Williams and Yunqing Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D5FD90052B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD90052B","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 295-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rigoberto Advincula, Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Victoria L. Bemmer, Arianna Brandolese, Antoine Buchard, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Katrina Entwistle, Yutan Getzler, Ilaria Grimaldi, Michael Harris, Marc A. Hillmyer, Jack Hughes, Jonathan Husband, Daniel Inglis, Derek J. Irvine, Gavin Irvine, David James, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, Victoria Lohmann, Katja Loos, Tim Melander Bowden, Quentin Michaudel, Axel Neffe, Jake L. Nicholson, Karin Odelius, Neen Phan-udom, Rachel H. Platel, James Railton, Adam Redfearn, Muhammad Ghifari Ridwan, Charles Romain, Lloyd Shaw, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Alexander Watson, Charlotte K. Williams, Nathan Wybo and Laihui Xiao
{"title":"Closing the loop – the chemistry of depolymerisation, polymer recycling and environmental degradation: general discussion","authors":"Rigoberto Advincula, Sophie Barber, Matthew Becker, Victoria L. Bemmer, Arianna Brandolese, Antoine Buchard, Carmine Capacchione, Debashis Chakraborty, Matthew J. Cullen, Edmund O. Dadge, Katrina Entwistle, Yutan Getzler, Ilaria Grimaldi, Michael Harris, Marc A. Hillmyer, Jack Hughes, Jonathan Husband, Daniel Inglis, Derek J. Irvine, Gavin Irvine, David James, Francesca M. Kerton, Christopher M. Kozak, Victoria Lohmann, Katja Loos, Tim Melander Bowden, Quentin Michaudel, Axel Neffe, Jake L. Nicholson, Karin Odelius, Neen Phan-udom, Rachel H. Platel, James Railton, Adam Redfearn, Muhammad Ghifari Ridwan, Charles Romain, Lloyd Shaw, Arnaud Thevenon, Ian A. Tonks, Alexander Watson, Charlotte K. Williams, Nathan Wybo and Laihui Xiao","doi":"10.1039/D5FD90053K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD90053K","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 432-454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface: Polymerisation and depolymerisation chemistry: the second century Faraday Discussion","authors":"Antoine Buchard and Charlotte K. Williams","doi":"10.1039/D5FD90055G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD90055G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A graphical abstract is available for this content</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 10-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145646911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric D. Rachita, Jinsol Yook, Annabelle Watts, Christopher J. Ellison and Marc A. Hillmyer
{"title":"Spiers Memorial Lecture: Compostable plastics: promise and pitfalls","authors":"Eric D. Rachita, Jinsol Yook, Annabelle Watts, Christopher J. Ellison and Marc A. Hillmyer","doi":"10.1039/D5FD00111K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD00111K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Plastics have enabled modern innovations through their unique attributes, which include a combination of light weight, durability, and cost-effectiveness. These characteristics, while central to their utility, have paradoxically contributed to the escalating plastic pollution crisis. No single approach can resolve this challenge; rather, it requires coordinated efforts with a diversity of strategies. Among them, compostable plastics have emerged as a particularly promising avenue. Under controlled conditions, such ephemeral plastics can degrade and transform into compost, offering environmental benefits that extend to soil, water, and agriculture. Nevertheless, substantial challenges remain before compostable plastics can achieve broad adoption and deliver their full promise. In this perspective, we (i) make the case for more widespread use of compostable plastics in the food packaging market, (ii) review labeling, infrastructure, and regulatory hurdles facing compostable-plastic adoption, and (iii) discuss the future of compostable-polymer research and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":" 0","pages":" 12-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145372198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sibylle M. K. Schwartmann, Mariangela Biggiero, Sander Deelen, Bettina Baumgartner and Bert M. Weckhuysen
{"title":"Spectro-electrochemistry of guaiacol oxidation: tracking intermediates in a membrane-separated cell with in situ attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy†","authors":"Sibylle M. K. Schwartmann, Mariangela Biggiero, Sander Deelen, Bettina Baumgartner and Bert M. Weckhuysen","doi":"10.1039/D5FD00069F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD00069F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lignin, a structurally complex biopolymer, represents a promising renewable feedstock for the production of platform chemicals, including functionalized aromatic molecules. However, efficient lignin valorization remains a major challenge due to its chemical stability, structural heterogeneity, and the propensity of reactive intermediates to undergo recondensation. To overcome these barriers and gain mechanistic insight into lignin oxidation pathways, we have developed a membrane-separated, two-compartment attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectro-electrochemical cell for the <em>in situ</em> monitoring of the electrochemical oxidation of lignin model compounds. Using guaiacol as a representative model compound of the β-O-4 linkage monomer, we tracked real-time spectral changes during electrochemical oxidation. Characteristic vibrational signatures revealed the depletion of guaiacol and the formation of oxidized species, including quinones, catechols, and dimers and oligomers. In contrast, control experiments conducted without membrane separation exhibited additional spectral features, suggesting the occurrence of competing side reactions under conditions of unrestricted mass transport. These results highlight the importance of proper cell design for providing mechanistic insights and demonstrate the value of <em>in situ</em> ATR-IR spectroscopy in tracking the complex electrochemical transformation of lignin-derived molecules, to offer insights critical for advancing lignin valorization strategies under mild and tunable reaction conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"263 ","pages":" 164-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12557300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145372251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Mahdavi, Armin Asghari Alamdari, Jonathan Quinson, Uğur Ünal and Hadi Jahangiri
{"title":"Mechanically alloyed NiCuMnWX (X = Co, Fe, or Mo) high-entropy alloy electrocatalysts for alkaline water splitting","authors":"Hossein Mahdavi, Armin Asghari Alamdari, Jonathan Quinson, Uğur Ünal and Hadi Jahangiri","doi":"10.1039/D5FD00094G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FD00094G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-entropy alloys have great potential as electrocatalysts for water-splitting reactions. Benefiting from the cocktail effect and lattice distortion, high-entropy alloys exhibit relatively low overpotentials and significant stability, making them excellent candidates for electrocatalytic water splitting. These materials offer a cost-effective and abundant alternative to conventional noble-metal catalysts such as Pt and IrO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, which are limited by high costs and scarcity. This study investigates the electrocatalytic performance of high-entropy alloy powders prepared with equimolar ratios of Ni, Cu, Mn, and W, with additional elements (Co, Fe, or Mo) introduced to optimize their activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. The high-entropy alloy powders are synthesized <em>via</em> ball milling, involving both dry milling and wet milling in ethanol, followed by washing and drying at room temperature. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, are employed to analyze their structure and properties. Electrochemical studies reveal that Fe and Mo significantly enhance hydrogen evolution reaction activity, achieving overpotentials of 301 mV and 305 mV, respectively, with corresponding Tafel slopes of 200.9 mV dec<small><sup>−1</sup></small> and 153.3 mV dec<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. Meanwhile, Co incorporation improves oxygen evolution reaction performance, reducing the overpotential to 326 mV with a Tafel slope of 143.7 mV dec<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. These findings underscore the potential of high-entropy alloy powders for advancing renewable energy technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49075,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"264 ","pages":" 376-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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