Medic.ro最新文献

Management of prophylaxis in Streptococcus pneumoniae infection 肺炎链球菌感染的预防管理

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8710

Ioana-Maria Bloj, Emese Orban, Edith-Simona Ianoşi, Remus Şipoş

{"title":"Management of prophylaxis in Streptococcus pneumoniae infection","authors":"Ioana-Maria Bloj, Emese Orban, Edith-Simona Ianoşi, Remus Şipoş","doi":"10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8710","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In view of the continuing development of vaccines for various diseases, there is a need not only to keep health professionals informed, but also to understand how they perceive the risks of certain diseases for certain groups of patients. It is particularly important to identify how the perception of immunizations by both the medical profession and the direct beneficiaries, the patients, can be influenced. Materials and method. The study was based on a survey of 42 family physicians attending a symposium on the management of patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Data had been collected from participants before they heard the lectures at the event. Results. The information gathered from the survey revealed that doctors consider it useful for the health system to support immunization programs in order to increase immunization rates. It also revealed that the way one vaccination campaign is carried out can influence another, and that the doctor has a significant role in influencing the patient’s immunization. Conclusions. The success of vaccination campaigns in ensuring a good immunization rate depends on a good correlation between the involvement of the health system through the national immunization program, the health insurance system and the work of doctors who can significantly influence the patient’s decision to be vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":489459,"journal":{"name":"Medic.ro","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Family doctor, an important element in the pilot project for the screening of chronic viral hepatitis B/C/D (LIVERO 2) 家庭医生:筛查慢性乙型/丙型/丁型肝炎试点项目的重要组成部分(LIVERO 2)

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8714

Mihaela Udrescu

引用次数: 0

Aspects of acute otitis media etiology and pathogenesis 急性中耳炎的病因及发病机制

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8711

Vasilica Ungureanu

{"title":"Aspects of acute otitis media etiology and pathogenesis","authors":"Vasilica Ungureanu","doi":"10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8711","url":null,"abstract":"Otitis media (OM) remains a major cause of morbidity worldwide, representing one of the complications of upper respiratory tract (URT) infections, especially in small children. The etiology of acute otitis media (AOM) can be viral, bacterial, viral-bacterial or bacterial-bacterial coinfections. The most common bacterial agents causing otitis media are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Viruses that can cause URT infections (respiratory syncytial virus, coronaviruses, influenza viruses, adenoviruses etc.) are increasingly recognized as contributors to the polymicrobial pathogenesis of otitis media. Other bacterial agents (Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) have been rarely detected. Regarding the pathogenesis of AOM, multiple mechanisms contributing to the synergistic relationship between URT viruses and primary bacterial pathogens of otitis media have been identified and, although each of them has a specific effect, they all fall into the general category of compromising the host’s immune function and respiratory tract defense. An initial viral infection of the URT is necessary, which induces inflammation at this level and in the Eustachian tube, promoting bacterial superinfection of the middle ear. Preventing viral and bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract infections associated with acute otitis media could reduce the incidence of middle ear infections in childhood.","PeriodicalId":489459,"journal":{"name":"Medic.ro","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ROCCAS II South-Muntenia – model of good practice in general practitioner office 南黑山-全科医生办公室良好实践的典范

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8715

Mihaela Paraschiv, Mihnea-Lucian Paraschiv

{"title":"ROCCAS II South-Muntenia – model of good practice in general practitioner office","authors":"Mihaela Paraschiv, Mihnea-Lucian Paraschiv","doi":"10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8715","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Colorectal cancer is one of the malignancies that are diagnosed late and occupies the first places among the causes of death in Romania and worldwide. In the current study, we pointed out the major role of family medicine in the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer through screening programs, such as ROCCAS II South-Muntenia project. Materials and method. For this retrospective study, a group of 411 people participated in a colorectal screening program, ROCCAS II Sud-Muntenia, between November 2021 and June 2023. Only people between 50 and 74 years old, who lived in South-Muntenia area, were included. The exclusion criteria were patients younger than 49 years old and over 75, and the residence in any other region of the country. Results. In this study, there were included 411 people, and 39 of them (9.48%) were identified with a high risk or with a very high risk of colorectal cancer. Out of the 24 people who accepted to proceed with colonoscopy, one person (4.24%) had colorectal cancer, 15 people (62.5%) had a precancerous lesion, and eight subjects (33.3%) had no lesion. Conclusions. Overall, in this study, the colorectal screening program ROCCAS II South-Muntenia proved its benefits for those individuals at risk, and managed to prevent lesions that could evolve into cancer in the following years for 5.48% of the subjects at risk.","PeriodicalId":489459,"journal":{"name":"Medic.ro","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coffee – between story and clinical studies. About coffee, cancer and gastrointestinal diseases 咖啡——介于故事和临床研究之间。关于咖啡，癌症和胃肠道疾病

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8713

Daniela-Ligia Moşneagă

引用次数: 0

Interdisciplinary monitoring of the patient with bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘患者的跨学科监测

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8709

Corina Eugenia Budin, Gabriela-Paula Pop

{"title":"Interdisciplinary monitoring of the patient with bronchial asthma","authors":"Corina Eugenia Budin, Gabriela-Paula Pop","doi":"10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8709","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchial asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, associated with variable obstruction that limits air flow, and bronchial hyperactivity caused by various stimuli. The most common symptoms present in asthmatic people are wheezing, dyspnea, cough and chest constriction. Bronchial asthma has a high variability, which makes its phenotyping very important for guiding treatment. Among the most common phenotypes, we mention allergic asthma, nonallergic asthma, late-onset bronchial asthma, persistent asthma with a fixed limitation of airflow, and asthma associated with obesity. A thorough anamnesis and performing spirometry with bronchodilator test help us to establish the diagnosis of bronchial asthma. The increase in the maximum expiratory volume per second (VEMS) by 12% and 200 ml from the initial value after taking four short-acting bronchodilator puffs is suggestive of bronchial asthma. The ACT questionnaire is used to show whether the disease is well controlled therapeutically. Exposure to allergens, overweight, gastroesophageal reflux disease, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis and smoking are some of the comorbidities and triggers of bronchial asthma crisis. In terms of treatment, asthmatic patients have inhaled devices that contain as the first line of treatment inhaled corticosteroids to which a long-acting beta2-agonist is added. Choosing the right therapy for each patient is made on the basis of five stages of treatment, depending on the symptomatology of each individual patient, the phenotype of asthma and the comorbidities present. Patients with severe asthma benefit from targeted biological therapy.","PeriodicalId":489459,"journal":{"name":"Medic.ro","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing the diagnosis of prostate malignancy 优化前列腺恶性肿瘤的诊断

Medic.ro Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8712

Remus Şipoş, Emese Orban

{"title":"Optimizing the diagnosis of prostate malignancy","authors":"Remus Şipoş, Emese Orban","doi":"10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26416/med.154.4.2023.8712","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the National Cancer Registry and its implementation as a computer and information system will help to understand the real burden of cancer diseases in Romania and could be the foundation on which to design, implement and run prevention programs. Its emergence is due to the rise in cancer incidence and mortality and represents the last step taken by the political decision-maker for the management of these pathologies. The need for clear records began to be formulated from a legislative point of view as early as 1980 when, by order of the Ministry of Health, reporting of these pathologies was made compulsory. Subsequently, in 2008, the establishment of Regional Cancer Registries began. According to the registered data, a report of the European Journal of Oncology highlighted the doubling of the number of deaths caused by cancer diseases in Romania in 2018, compared to 2009. The centralized data showed that prostate cancer ranked third when the incidence is analyzed in both sexes and second when the incidence analysis refers only to the male sex. The true extent of prostate cancer can only be determined by early and correct diagnosis. This involves presenting the patient to the doctor when symptoms appear which may be suggestive of potentially malignant prostate disease. Unfortunately, many information channels promote remedies that relieve such symptoms, remedies available both in pharmacies and through online orders, and this can delay the presentation to the doctor and, thus, the diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":489459,"journal":{"name":"Medic.ro","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0