Allied Medical Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of Physical Activity in Acute or Chronic Smoker among General Population of Karachi - A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sana Shahzad, Samreen Iqbal, Hamza Ahmed","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research aims to evaluate the frequency of physical activity among acute or chronic smokers in Karachi's general population, recognizing the reciprocal influence between smoking and physical activity on overall health. Assessing exercise frequency among smokers is crucial, considering the commonly observed association between smoking and declining bodily functions, making it pivotal for comprehensive health assessment.\u0000\u0000Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey involved 316 healthy adults aged 15-69 years, utilizing convenience sampling is used for diverse demographic representation. Data on demographic details, smoking status, and physical activity levels were collected through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The subsequent analysis, conducted using SPSS version 0.22, aimed to scrutinize the impact of smoking on participants' physical activity.\u0000\u0000Results: Among the participants, a majority (76.9%) held jobs with varying physical activity levels. For transportation, nearly all employed modes showed varying physical activity intensities, with 59.8% reporting low, 25.3% moderate, and 14.9% vigorous activity levels. Engagement in household chores and family care displayed diverse physical activity levels: 66.5% reported low, 24.1% moderate, and 9.1% vigorous activities. Similar trends were observed for house maintenance and family care, with 69.0% reporting low, 14.6% moderate, and 16.5% vigorous activities.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The study indicates that smokers participate in physical activity less frequently, underscoring the need for heightened attention to their exercise habits. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring health strategies for smokers and examining lifestyle factors influencing their physical well-being.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Physical Activity, METs, Smoking, Well-being.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"63 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Health-Related Fitness among Healthcare Professionals","authors":"Saiqa Jalil, Talala Bashir, Atqa Rehman, Huma Bukhari, Kanwal Fayaz, Aisha Sarfaraz","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical inactivity's prevalence is alarming increasing worldwide leading to variousnon-communicable diseases. Studies highlight disparities in activity levels among people with occupational variations. Addressing fitness is essential for mitigating occupational health issues and enhancing overall productivity among medical professionals.\u0000\u0000Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in multiple tertiary care facilities. A total of 78 participants were recruited using the non-probability convenience sampling technique. Participants performed four different assessments in the following order: (i) BMI by weight and height measurements (ii) Cardiorespiratory endurance by 3 minutes step-test (iii) Muscular endurance by abdominal curl up and (iv) Flexibility by shoulder scratch test and sit and reach test, the session lasted for approximately 20 minutes, with 3 minutes of resting period between exercises. The analysis was performed using SPSS V.21.\u0000\u0000Results: The results show an average age of 28 years for the participants. The mean Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) was 1375.98 kcal. The Dietary Calorie Restriction (DCR) was 1907.32 kcal. (RAPA) shows that 34% of n=78 is mildly active which results in very good muscular endurance of 29.5% and excellent VO2 Max of 59%. Flexibility was excellent with 40-48%.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The study reveals notable physical fitness among healthcare professionals, highlighting positive outcomes in key parameters such as BMR, DCR, muscular endurance, flexibility, and VO2max.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Basal Metabolism, Body Composition, Comorbidity, Exercise, Physical Activity.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"348 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Diet With and Without Strengthening Exercises Impacting Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain Patients in Obesity","authors":"Dr. Muhammad Sarfraz, Dr. Azadeh Shadmehr, Javeria Ahmed, Dr. Mazhar Ali Bhutto, Dr. Shohreh Jalaie, Dr. Abida Nadeem","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dietetic variations have long been taken as an imperative factor for managing obesity in low back pain patients. Thus, to evaluate diet with and without exerciseto consider further the best regimen to counter this burning issue. Therefore, his study aimed to compare the effects of diet with and without strength training on non-specific low back pain in obese clients.\u0000\u0000Methods: Fifty-two patients with sedentary lifestyles, aged between 25-40 years, were assigned to two groups according to their BMI (Grade I &II obesity) and were assessed for their weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Body Fat Percentage (BF %), Fat Mass (FM), Lean Mass (LM), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and pushups for muscular endurance and strength were the outcome measures of interests. One group followed diet only (D), while the other followed diet plus strength (DS) training. After six weeks of intervention, patients were assessed again on the same parameters. \u0000\u0000Results: DS group revealed positive changes in all parameters, i.e., weight (0.00), BMI (0.00), WHR (0.01), BF% (0.00), FM (0.00), LM (0.01), NPRS (0.00), OLBPD (0.00), pushups (0.00), while D group showed insignificant results in WHR (p-value-0.736, before 0.88+0.1 after0.88-+0.1), LM (p-value-0.384, before 40.9+8.9 after 40.3+8.8) and Pushups (p-value 0.384, before 4.6+3.4 after 4.3+3.7).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Six weeks of diet and diet plus strength training resulted in positive changes in pain and ODI. Still, the diet-plus strength exercise group overweighed the diet-only group in all parameters.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Diet, Exercise, Low Back Pain, Obesity.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"140 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Benefits of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Intervention for Stroke Patients","authors":"Ilsa Waqi Khunsha, Farwa Azmat, Haris Hassan, Affaf Ameen, Sundus Fatima, Faiza Badar, Ayesha Farrukh","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is the second leading global cause of death and disability, affecting 80 million survivors with residual symptoms. Rehabilitation, involving an interdisciplinary team approach, plays a crucial role in enhancing functional recovery, addressing deficits in fine motor skills, cognition, and communication through customized therapies, as highlighted in a randomized controlled trial comparing integrated rehabilitation approaches to conventional physical therapy for stroke recovery.\u0000\u0000Methods: The study was a randomized controlled trial comparing integrated rehabilitation approaches with conventional rehabilitation in post-stroke patients aged 40-60 years over a four-month period. Conducted in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation center, the study included 90 participants, with 45 in each group. The experimental group received integrated rehabilitation involving tailored physical therapy to enhance balance, occupational therapy targeting fine motor skills, and speech therapy addressing swallowing and communication issues. The control group underwent conventional rehabilitation primarily focusing on physical therapy, omitting integrated approaches like occupational and speech therapy.\u0000\u0000Results: The analysis of the findings had revealed that interdisciplinary rehabilitation program yielded a significantly better results p<0.05 in improving patients’ conditions. The findings provided evidences that all outcome measures that were balance, fine motor function and swallowing and dysphagia were significantly improved p<0.05 both at within and between the group analyses after four months of integrated rehabilitation program.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme that included physical, occupational, and speech therapies producednoticeably better outcomes than the conventional rehabilitation methods. The results highlight how well the integrated strategy works to improve swallowing/dysphagia, fine motor function, and balance outcomes.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Post-stroke Patients, Speech Therapy","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Gall Stones in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis at Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Dr. Fatima Iqbal, Dr. Sobia Majeed, Dr. Omama Subul Islam, Dr. Imran Ahmed Khan, Dr. Muhammad Jamal ud Din, Dr. Muhammad Khurram Zia","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In developed countries, the adult population has a 20% incidence of gallstones, with a rise of 0.60 to 1.39% yearly. Our study aimed to determinethe frequency of gallstones in Acute Pancreatitis (AP) patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted atAbbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, recruited all patients fulfilling inclusion criteria presented in the general surgery department from 3rd Oct 2020 to 3rd Oct 2021. After ethical approval and consent, a brief history was taken, and clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and ultrasound of the upper abdomenwere done to ascertain the frequency of gallstones.\u0000\u0000Results:A total of 93 patients diagnosed with APwere included in this study. Of these, 70 (50.6%) were male patients, and 23 (49.4%) were females,with a mean age of 40.752+11.764 years. The gallstones were found in 42 (45.2%) patients.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The frequency of gallbladder stones was high in patients with AP. A prompt or a late diagnosis can directly affect a patient’s mortality and morbidity.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Abdomen, Acute Pancreatitis, Gallstones, Prevalence.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"52 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Physical Performance and Quality of Life among Postmenopausal Women","authors":"Sana Batool, Saba Sabir","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Menopause is one of the life stages for women that marks the end of reproductive years. Physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being can all be impacted by the hormonal changes brought on by menopause. Hence, the study aims to determine the effect of Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) and High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on cardiovascular parameters and quality of life in postmenopausal females.\u0000\u0000Methods: A two-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 40 postmenopausal females, recruited via envelop method of simple random sampling technique into Group-A, who received HIIT and Group-B, who received MICT. Firstly, informed consent was taken from the participants by explaining all the protocols and procedures. Following the assessment, both groups received six weeks of exercise training thrice a week with 40 minutes of HIIT and 50 minutes of MICT, respectively.\u0000\u0000Results: Predicted VO2max increased statistically and practically significantly in response to the HIIT intervention (6.92 ml/kg/min; p=0.01), while it changed marginally and practically in the MICT group (2.8 ml/kg/min; p>0.05).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The results indicate that the HIIT groupexperienced a statistically and clinically significant improvement in predicted VO2max compared to a slight significant change observed in the MICT group.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Exercise, Obesity, Quality of Life.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"408 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Use of Wearable Health Devices for Tracking Physical Activity in Elderly Populations","authors":"Aneek Kayani, Iqra Sajid, Hanan Azfar, Umm-e- Habiba, Ibraheem Zafar, Ramsha Masood","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this modern world, the increased use of wearable technologies is evident owing to significant advances. This study explores how wearable technologies help monitor and enhance physical activity levels among older adults, thus providing valuable insights into their health.\u0000\u0000Methods: A longitudinal study recruited older adults from community homes to investigate the impact of wearable technologies among them to evaluate physical activity levels. A self-design questionnaire was used for data evaluation at 3 points, i.e., at baseline, three months, and six months, to observe the change in physical activity trends.\u0000\u0000Results: The responses on the usage of wearable technologies and their impact on physical activity levels showed that n=103 males and n=98 females were unaware of the use of wearable gadgets and had no idea about the availability of such gadgets in the labour market. Moreover, chi-square analyses revealed that the likelihood of using wearable gadgets to quantify PA was non-significant, with p<0.05 among the elderly population.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The findings of this longitudinal study highlight the potential advantages of wearable health devices in promoting physical activity among older populations. The results show that these gadgets may be motivational aids, resulting in notable increases in step counts, resting heart rates, and users’ opinions of wearable technology.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Blood Pressure, Elderly, Heart Rate, Physical Activity.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"190 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rejuvenating Mobility: Impact of Concurrent Exercise on Functional Claudication Distance and Vascular Health among Patients with T2DM-Associated PAD","authors":"Uroosa Amin, Q. Adnan, Dr. Tauseef Ahmad","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally, the diabetes epidemic has increased in the general population over the last few decades. Despite the higher prevalence of Type-II DM, evidence about Diabetes-related vascular complications is scarce. Therefore, this study aims to determine appropriate exercise training in clinical settings effectively, reducing risk factors for T2DM-associated PAD patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: At the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences of Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Karachi, a randomized, single-blinded, two-arm trial was conducted from July to September 2023. Eighty patients with T2DM-associated PAD were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups Using the sealed envelope approach: Group A (n=40) and Group B (n=40). For 12 weeks, participants in Group B performed Aerobic Training (AT), while Group A participated in Concurrent Training (CT) 3 times a week. Functional Claudication Distance (FCD) and VascuQol-6 were measured pre and post-12-week intervention for measuring functional capacity and vascular health. \u0000\u0000Results:Findings revealed that CT training groups significantly improved FCD and VascuQol-6 after 12 weeks (p<0.000). Subsequently, findings showed that the CT group showed more significant improvement than AT in improving FCD (p=0.013, CT: pre: 203.33±1.78, post: 230.65±7.72, AT: pre: 203.08±2.2, post: 214.13±5.1) and VascuQol-6 (p=0.0001, CT: pre: 10.60±2.11, post: 19.88±1.24, AT: pre: 9.53±2, post: 14.33±1.97).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Patients’ reported vascular health and FCD significantly improved by the CT than the AT group. Therefore, CT appears to be an exceptionally beneficial therapeutic strategy for the management of Fontaine’s stage II, a PADassociated with T2DM.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Claudication Distance, Diabetic Vascular Complication, Peripheral Artery Disease, Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Vascular Quality of Life.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"85 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Antenatal Gender Preference with Perceived Stress among Pregnant Women","authors":"Urooba Hasan, Ahad Hasan, Hafsa Tahir","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antenatal stress is the stress experienced by a pregnant mother as a result of stressful life circumstances. Gender preference for male children and dislike for female children prevails in many regions of the world. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how gender preferences during pregnancy, influenced by cultural and sociodemographic factors, contribute to perceived maternal stress.\u0000\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the association between stress and gender preference in pregnant women. A total of 363 healthy pregnant females recruited from tertiary care hospitals of Karachi and Lahore via purposive sampling technique were first interviewed for demographic information. The self-structured questionnaire comprises items based on preferences in pregnancies and antenatal or postnatal psychological health, was then asked to be filled to determine the association between antenatal gender preference and perceived stress among the participants. \u0000\u0000Results: Male child preferences were significantly linked to antenatal stress (32.8%, p<0.05). Gender scans were performed in around 33.1% and 64.6%of mothers desired male children. The rationale behind it is that a male offspring will be able to support them in their later years.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that a significant association wasfoundbetween male child preferences and antenatal stress. Moreover, antenatal stress was also associated with younger mother age, low self-esteem, low socioeconomic position, and a strong familial desire for sons. Premature birth, low birth weight, and inadequate prenatal care are all possible outcomes of stress during pregnancy.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Gender Identity, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Psychological Factors.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Task Performance and Patient Satisfaction in Lateral Epicondylitis: Unraveling the Effects of Physical Therapy Interventions","authors":"Shamma Tabassum, Aqsa Faiz, Syed Saif-ul- Haq, Sumaira Abdul Ghani, Salma Azeem","doi":"10.59564/amrj/02.01/015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/02.01/015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physiotherapy is a feasible lateral epicondylitis (LE) method with many practical combined options. This study aims to determine the effects of strengthening exercises, ultrasound, and icing on functional task parameters in patients with LE.\u0000\u0000Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted on LE patients to determine the combined effects of strengthening exercises, ultrasound and icing on functional and modified functional task parameters. The intervention was implemented five days/week for three months, each lasting 25 to 30 minutes.\u0000\u0000Results: The findings revealed a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the performance of functional and modified functional tasks. The baseline values of the functional task were 2.5±0.37 for reaching, 1.9±0.25 lifting, and 1.63±0.75 carrying had improved to 3.34±0.56, 2.8±0.45 and 3.45±0.4, respectively.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that combined LE treatment was significantly effective (p<0.05) in improving both functional and modified functional tasks, highlighting this holistic approach’s potential benefits. Future studies must consider combining approaches over individualized treatments in LE management.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Inflammation, Lateral Epicondylitis, Physical Therapy, Strength Training.","PeriodicalId":489035,"journal":{"name":"Allied Medical Research Journal","volume":"48 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}