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The Landing and Liberation: A Historiography of the Korean War's Operation Chromite, September 1950 登陆与解放：朝鲜战争 "铬铁矿行动 "史学，1950 年 9 月
Marine Corps history Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.35318/mch.2023090204
Zachary M. Matusheski
{"title":"The Landing and Liberation: A Historiography of the Korean War's Operation Chromite, September 1950","authors":"Zachary M. Matusheski","doi":"10.35318/mch.2023090204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090204","url":null,"abstract":"A review of Operation Chromite’s basic history is necessary to fully understand the historiographical trends and available archival resources. To adequately capture the campaign’s origins, historical analysis must begin not in September 1950 but with U.S. leaders’ contradictory approach to security after World War II. On the one hand, the United States took a leading role in world security, forming numerous alliances and international institutions in the context of emerging Cold War rivalry. On the other hand, U.S. military forces atrophied after 1945. Imposition of defense budget ceilings and other efforts by the Harry S. Truman administration, abetted by a thrifty Congress, left a shell of a force in place. Postwar cuts left units undermanned and at low levels of readiness. The Marine Corps fought an especially difficult political battle to prove the value of Marine air support and a Marine expeditionary capability.","PeriodicalId":489021,"journal":{"name":"Marine Corps history","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Odyssey through "Satan's Kingdom": Marines at the 1863 Night Attack on Fort Sumter and Their Experiences as Prisoners of War 穿越 "撒旦王国 "的奥德赛：1863 年夜袭萨姆特堡的海军陆战队员及其作为战俘的经历
Marine Corps history Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.35318/mch.2023090201
Michael Westermeier
{"title":"An Odyssey through \"Satan's Kingdom\": Marines at the 1863 Night Attack on Fort Sumter and Their Experiences as Prisoners of War","authors":"Michael Westermeier","doi":"10.35318/mch.2023090201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090201","url":null,"abstract":"The assault on Confederate-controlled Fort Sumter, South Carolina, ended in disaster, and the U.S. Marines who managed to land on its rubble-covered shores would end up in the worst prison in the Confederacy, a place from which most would never return. This article traces their journey and details their ordeal, throughout which Marines demonstrated the qualities and character traits that have defined their Service since its inception. They resisted their captors, largely supported their chain of command while imprisoned, refused to divulge information when interrogated, and sought opportunities to escape and rejoin the fight.","PeriodicalId":489021,"journal":{"name":"Marine Corps history","volume":"38 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An "Entirely Different Ballgame": The Marine Corps and NATO Exercises in Artic Norway, 1978-86 完全不同的游戏"：海军陆战队与北约在挪威北极地区的演习，1978-86 年
Marine Corps history Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.35318/mch.2023090203
Brian Donlon
{"title":"An \"Entirely Different Ballgame\": The Marine Corps and NATO Exercises in Artic Norway, 1978-86","authors":"Brian Donlon","doi":"10.35318/mch.2023090203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090203","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Marine Corps consistently delivered substandard performance during training exercises in the Arctic in the late 1970s to mid-1980s. An examination of archival records, journal articles, student papers, and interviews with participants provides two explanations for the long period in which Marines were regarded as “rather poor winter warriors.” First, to overcome the challenges of Arctic operations, the Marine Corps had to make sustained, often slow, improvement in the three-step process of learning to survive, move, and fight in the Arctic. Second, the Corps’ culture simultaneously hamstrung and accelerated improvement in this Arctic trinity. Ultimately, the Corps’ slow road to success in the Arctic highlights the dependence of strategic change on proficiency at the lowest tactical levels.","PeriodicalId":489021,"journal":{"name":"Marine Corps history","volume":"26 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Mascot to Marine: The Long Walk to the American Military Dog Program 从吉祥物到海军陆战队：美国军犬计划的漫长历程
Marine Corps history Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.35318/mch.2023090202
Elisabeth J. Phillips
{"title":"From Mascot to Marine: The Long Walk to the American Military Dog Program","authors":"Elisabeth J. Phillips","doi":"10.35318/mch.2023090202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090202","url":null,"abstract":"During World War II, the military dog became synonymous with patriotism and a symbol of the fight for a free world. In the absence of a military dog program at the beginning of the war, the United States was the exception among Western powers. The establishment of an official military dog program during World War II was a critical step in the development of the country’s military. Through the creative collaboration of civilians and military personnel, the K-9 Corps and Dogs for Defense organization produced trained military dogs that had immediate positive impacts on the battlefield. The creation of the American military dog program laid the foundation for the continued utilization of the military dog, served as the proving ground for the capabilities of dogs, and expanded the understanding of how dogs might be used on the battlefield. This piece distinguishes the U.S. Marines’ military dog program separately from the Army’s.","PeriodicalId":489021,"journal":{"name":"Marine Corps history","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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