Childhood Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Playing Alone: Recess Physical Activity and Social Interactions of Children with and Without Obesity and Severe Obesity.","authors":"Matthew J Barenie, Erin K Howie, Christopher M Murphy, Deboleena Thakur, Ciara Jenkins, Stephanie M Lopez-Neyman, Amber R Kaufman, Michael R Thomsen, Kari A Weber","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2024.0426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> This study aimed to compare recess physical activity, social behaviors, and social/school perceptions among children with obesity and severe obesity and those without obesity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Recess observations were done using the System of Observing Children's Activity and Relationships during Play. School climate surveys and anthropometric measurements were also completed. A total of 414 observations from 160 (52% female) children were collected at four schools in Little Rock, AR, during three semesters from 2023 to 2024. Children were in kindergarten through 5th grade. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate adjusted associations. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirteen percent of observations reflected children with severe obesity, 21% were from children with obesity, and 66% were from children with a BMI below the 95th percentile on the age- and gender-specific reference growth charts. Overall, children were engaged in moderate-vigorous physical activity 64% of the time and played alone 22% of the time. Positive play was observed 50% of the time. Children with severe obesity played alone 8% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) more than the reference group without obesity. There was no evidence of an inverse association between obesity and physical activity. Surveys from upper elementary children showed no differences in self-reports of being happy, having friends, or enjoying recess by weight status. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> While we observed more alone play at recess among children with severe obesity, we did not observe less physical activity or more negative play experiences among children with obesity or severe obesity. Recess appears to be beneficial regardless of weight status, both socially and for physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Ties and Health: Exploring the Link Between Parents' Social Networks and Child Obesity.","authors":"Michelle J White, Madelynn Wellons, Javier Rodriguez, Janna Howard, Katelyn M Holliday, Sabina B Gesell, Eliana M Perrin, James Moody","doi":"10.1089/chi.2025.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2025.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> African American (AA) and Hispanic children are at high risk of developing obesity. Social networks are powerful drivers of health behaviors and outcomes. Parent social network characteristics may influence child health behaviors and obesity risk. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a cross-sectional, observational study of parents of AA and Hispanic children 2-4 years. The social network survey was adapted from The Important and Health Matters Social Network Battery (PhenX Toolkit). Child health behavior questions were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Child body mass index <i>z</i>-score (BMIz) was calculated based on measured height and weight at the child's most recent well-child visit. Linear regression models identified associations between parent network characteristics, BMIz, and child health behaviors. Participants included 44 parents of Hispanic children and 74 parents of AA children. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Parents of Hispanic children named fewer supportive alters (network members) than parents of AA children (3.7 vs. 5.0, <i>p</i> < 0.1). A higher number of stressful parent relationships was associated with higher child BMIz (β = 0.2, <i>p</i> < 0.05). For parents of AA children, a higher number of supportive alters was associated with more hours of child weekday (β = 0.2) and weekend sleep (β = 0.2) and less child weekday screen time (β = -0.2) (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). For parents of Hispanic children, a higher number of alters with whom the parent discusses important matters was associated with more hours of child weekday sleep (β = 0.3, <i>p</i> < 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Parent social network characteristics are population-specific and associated with child health behaviors and BMIz. Augmenting supportive parent relationships and stress coping may reduce child obesity risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional Support Needs of Adolescents with Obesity During an Obesity Treatment Trial: Fast Track to Health.","authors":"Cathy Kwok, Natalie B Lister, Eve T House, Louise A Baur, Sarah P Garnett, Hiba Jebeile","doi":"10.1089/chi.2025.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2025.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Treatment-seeking adolescents with obesity may have diverse dietetic, psychological, or medical needs that require support during obesity treatment. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To characterize initial referral reasons, content, and outcome of support visits provided in addition to protocolized visits during an obesity treatment trial. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Fast Track to Health trial was a 52-week multi-site randomized trial conducted between 2018 and 2023 in Australia, comparing intermittent and continuous energy restricted dietary interventions delivered as part of an intensive behavioral intervention in adolescents with obesity and ≥1 obesity-related complications. Alongside protocolized mental health screening and medical and dietetic reviews, additional support was provided by the study dietitian, pediatrician or psychologist if needed or requested by families. Two reviewers independently coded deidentified clinical notes for each additional support visit to identify referral reasons, content and outcome of each visit. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 141 adolescents enrolled, 51 (36.2%) attended at least one additional support session, with most (<i>n</i> = 31) having one visit. Most referrals were initiated by a clinician (<i>n</i> = 34) and included requests for dietetic review (<i>n</i> = 16), motivation and/or support during COVID-19 lockdowns (<i>n</i> = 15), general psychological review (<i>n</i> = 14) and anxiety (<i>n</i> = 11). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Understanding the diverse needs of adolescents with obesity is essential to inform obesity treatment interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent and Joint Prospective Associations of Screen Time and Sleep Disturbance with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Among U.S. Adolescents.","authors":"Abubakr A Al-Shoaibi, Christiane K Helmer, Joan Shim, William Choi, Erin E Dooley, Holly C Gooding, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Fiona C Baker, Jason M Nagata","doi":"10.1089/chi.2025.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2025.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> We examined the independent and joint prospective associations of screen time, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) stratified by sex. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data are from 7445 participants (47.3% females) aged 9-10 years at baseline (2016-2018) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Missing data were imputed, and weighted multivariable linear regression models estimated the independent and joint effects of screen time and sleep disturbance or sleep duration on BMI and WC after 2 years. Joint associations grouped participants by combinations of screen time and sleep, with low screen time and sufficient sleep or no sleep disturbance as the reference groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Screen time was significantly associated with higher BMI (B = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.45; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and WC (B = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.56; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Sleep disturbance was associated with higher BMI (B = 1.23; 95% CI: 0.14, 2.33; <i>p</i> 0.026) in males. Insufficient sleep (<9 hours) (B = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.53, 2.07; <i>p</i> < 0.001) was associated with higher BMI. Medium screen time without sleep disturbance or insufficient sleep, and medium and high screen time with either sleep problem were associated with higher BMI and WC. Low screen time with insufficient sleep and high screen time with sufficient sleep were associated with higher BMI. Associations were generally stronger among males, particularly with high screen time. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Screen time and insufficient sleep were independently and jointly associated with higher BMI and WC 2 years later, especially when both were present.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Prescribing Practices in a Pediatric Weight Management Program.","authors":"Robert Siegel, Thomas Borders, Kristin Stackpole, JangDong Seo, Deborah Wolff, Roohi Kharofa","doi":"10.1089/chi.2025.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2025.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Prescribing glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) for pediatric patients with obesity is increasing. There are concerns that cost, insurance coverage, and/or provider prescribing practices will lead to inequities with GLP-1-RA use. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Describing the GPL1-RA prescribing practices in a pediatric weight management program. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively reviewed charts of patients treated from 7/1/2021 to 6/30/2023. The following was extracted from the medical record: demographic data, anthropometrics (percent of 95^th percentile body mass index [BMI] for age/sex [p95%BMI] and BMI class), laboratory measures (hemoglobin A1C [HbA1c] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), and whether patients were prescribed a GLP1-RA and/or metformin. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 2,563 patients were seen in 2 years. Patients prescribed GLP1-RAs had higher HbA1c, 6.5% vs. 5.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.001); ALT, 79 IU vs. 37 IU (<i>p</i> < 0.001); and p95%BMI, 169 vs. 141 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), than others. There were no differences between the groups regarding race, sex, ethnicity, or insurance status. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> GLP1-RA prescribing was associated only with disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Diagnosis on Weight Trajectories of Children in the US National COVID Cohort Collaborative.","authors":"Md Mozaharul Mottalib, Thao-Ly T Phan, Carolyn T Bramante, Christopher G Chute, Lee A Pyles, Rahmatollah Beheshti","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0256","DOIUrl":"10.1089/chi.2024.0256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the obesity epidemic, with both adults and children demonstrating rapid weight gain during the pandemic. However, the impact of having a COVID-19 diagnosis on this trend is not known. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using longitudinal data from January 2019 to June 2023 collected by the US National Institute for Health's National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), children (age 2-18 years) with positive COVID-19 test results {<i>n</i> = 11,474, 53% male, mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 5.57 [±3.29] years, 54% White, mean [SD] 5.2 [±2.9] BMI observations per participant} were matched with COVID-19-negative children with identical demographic characteristics and similar observation window. We compared BMI percentile trajectories between the COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative cohorts, with further evaluation performed on COVID-19-positive patients stratified by hospitalization status. <b><i>Results:</i></b> COVID-19-positive patients had a greater increase in <math><mi>%</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>95</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math> than COVID-19-negative patients (average increase of 2.34 (±7.73) compared to 1.46 (±6.09), <i>p</i> < 0.0005). COVID-19-positive patients gained more weight after their diagnosis of COVID-19 than before. Nonhospitalized children gained more weight than hospitalized children [average increase in <math><mi>%</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>95</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math> of 2.38 (±7.65) compared to 1.87 (±8.54)]. Mixed-effect regression analyses demonstrated that these associations remained even after adjusting for time, demographics, and baseline <math><mi>%</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>95</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Having a COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with more rapid weight gain, especially after diagnosis and early in the pandemic. Future research should explore the reasons for this association and the implications for future health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"380-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition, Body Mass, and Cardiovascular Health in Mid-Childhood and Midlife: A Compositional Data Analysis.","authors":"Mengjiao Liu, Dorothea Dumuid, Tim Olds, David Burgner, Susan Ellul, Markus Juonala, Yichao Wang, Sarath Ranganathan, Michael Cheung, Louise Baur, Terry Dwyer, Jessica A Kerr, Kate Lycett, Melissa Wake","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0316","DOIUrl":"10.1089/chi.2024.0316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> We aimed to quantify associations of cardiovascular (CV) large and small artery measures with body composition and body mass (1) separately and (2) in combination in 11- to 12-year-old children and their parents. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In the population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study (1495 children, mean 12 ± 0.4 years, 49.3% girls; 1496 parents, mean 44.3 ± 5.0 years, 86.7% mothers), we measured weight, height, body composition [truncal fat, non-truncal fat, fat-free mass (FFM)], and CV functional (blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, arterial elasticity) and structural (carotid intima-media thickness, retinal arteriolar/venular caliber) outcomes. Using compositional data analyses, we examined associations of body composition (expressed as log ratios) and body mass (multiplicative total) with CV measures in separate and combined models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean BMI z-score was 0.3 in children [standard deviation (SD) 1.0, 4.5% obese], and mean BMI was 27.9 in parents (SD 6.1, 28.8% obese). In both children and adults, more adverse CV measurements were associated with higher %truncal fat, %non-truncal fat, and body mass and lower %FFM. Compared with normal-weight children, children with obesity had poorer CV measures (e.g., 1 SD faster pulse wave velocity, 0.5 SD lower arterial elasticity), with higher body mass and lower %FFM mainly accounting for these relationships. All relationships were similar, albeit larger, for parents. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Poorer CV health in both generations was associated with higher body mass, lower %FFM, and, to a lesser extent, higher %truncal and non-truncal fat. Trials could test whether weight reduction interventions with vs. without FFM preservation differentially improve CV functional and structural precursors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"411-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased BMI Velocity is Associated with Elevated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Scores in Adolescents with Obesity.","authors":"Elizabeth Atteh, Sarah Armstrong, Asheley Skinner, Charles Wood","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0323","DOIUrl":"10.1089/chi.2024.0323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing studies that have demonstrated a positive association between obesity and depression have been among adults, did not utilize the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), or were conducted in a homogenous patient population. In this retrospective longitudinal cohort study of patients >11 and <18 years old with obesity in one health system we analyzed associations between change in BMI between two BMI measurements and PHQ-9 scores using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. We used PHQ-9 scores dichotomized at </≥5 as the outcome in logistic regression models to calculate the adjusted odds of having a higher PHQ-9 score for each increase in BMI per month. One-unit higher BMI change per month was associated with 2.52 times higher odds of PHQ-9 score over 5 (95% CI: 1.57-4.05) after adjusting for sex, baseline BMI, age, race, ethnicity, language, and insurance. BMI changes are associated with an increased risk of higher PHQ-9 scores. Close attention to depression screening in this population may be an important addition to other routine screening in pediatric patients with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"422-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent and Guardian Opinions on Obesity Medications Use in Adolescents with Obesity and Related Comorbidities.","authors":"Sarah Raatz, Rebecca L Freese, Subin Jang, Alicia Kunin-Batson, Amy C Gross, Megan O Bensignor","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0351","DOIUrl":"10.1089/chi.2024.0351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> There are now four FDA-approved anti-obesity medications (AOMs) for youth ≥12 years, which can be effective therapies to treat obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study describes parent/guardian (caregiver) openness to using AOMs for adolescents with obesity and evaluates factors that may contribute to openness. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Caregivers of adolescents aged 12-17 years were surveyed. Self-reported height, weight, demographic information, family, and personal history of obesity or obesity-related comorbidities were collected. Participants rated their openness to starting an AOM for their child for obesity alone or obesity-related comorbidities on a 7-point Likert scale. A Likert rating of less than 4 was considered \"less open\" versus 4-7 was considered \"more open.\" <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 344 participants completed the survey. Average openness toward AOM use for obesity as the only indication (as opposed to comorbid conditions) was 3.2 ± 1.74. Caregivers who were knowledgeable that the FDA-approved AOM use in adolescents had greater odds of being open to using these medications compared with caregivers who were not knowledgeable (odds ratio: 2.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.25-2.86). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Caregivers reported openness to starting an AOM if they had prior knowledge of these medications, highlighting the need for family education on AOM use and indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"365-371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Geographical Location and Health Behaviors of Participants in a Family-Based Lifestyle Intervention for Children and Adolescents Living with Obesity.","authors":"Alexandra J Heidl, Madelaine Gierc, Stephanie Saputra, Thumri Waliwitiya, Eli Puterman, Tamara R Cohen","doi":"10.1089/chi.2024.0374","DOIUrl":"10.1089/chi.2024.0374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is unknown if children and youth who live in rural or \"less rural\" locations who enroll in the provincially funded Generation Health Clinic (British Columbia, Canada), a family-based lifestyle program for weight management, present with different health behaviors at baseline. Thus, we assessed sociodemographic and health behavior (diet, physical activity, and sleep) collected between 2015 and 2019. Data were stratified by age (children: ≤12 years; adolescents: ≥13 years) and geographical location (\"less urban\" and urban) based on Statistics Canada definitions and then analyzed using independent <i>t</i>-tests and chi<i>-</i>square tests. We found that more \"urban\" children consumed more daily family meals (<i>p</i> < 0.001), ate out weekly (<i>p</i> = 0.02), ate \"other\" vegetables (<i>p</i> = 0.002), and had less frequent sports drink consumption (<i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with less urban children. No significant differences in health behaviors were seen in adolescents. These findings suggest that a participant's geographical location should be considered when developing family-based interventions for weight management.</p>","PeriodicalId":48842,"journal":{"name":"Childhood Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"426-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}