3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Los designios de la política comercial de Chile: adecuaciones mediante y pragmatismo en las medidas legislativas, 1850-1914","authors":"Alfonso F. Dingemans","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1314","url":null,"abstract":"A diferencia del enfoque historiográfico común, este artículo no asume la similitud doctrinaria como la explicación principal de la política comercial. En su lugar, propone considerarla como el resultado de un proceso político que conjuga múltiples intereses. En particular, la política comercial chilena (1850-1914), mediante sus Ordenanzas de Aduanas, ha sido considerada un fiel reflejo de las doctrinas económicas de la época. Sin embargo, este artículo propone ampliar el análisis empírico a las distintas medidas de política, tales como las leyes y decretos, enfatizando su estructura arancelaria ex ante (de iure) más que la ex post (efectiva). Los resultados sugieren un uso compensatorio de los aranceles que llevó a una reducción persistente de estos, independiente de la doctrina imperante en la ordenanza. Sus “designios” fueron, por tanto, más pragmáticos que doctrinarios.","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77450965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sumarios de cargo e ingresos fiscales de la caja real de Santiago en el pináculo del reformismo borbón en Chile (1768-1790)","authors":"","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72964962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La política económica de Krieger Vasena y su participación en el ingreso de las empresas tabacaleras extranjeras en la economía argentina (1967-1969)","authors":"Hugo A. Rossi","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76400591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La banca sin concesión porfiriana en el estado de Veracruz (1897-1910)","authors":"Ángel A. Castañeda","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1269","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar a las instituciones de crédito que operaron en el estado de Veracruz durante el porfiriato. Ello, con la finalidad de ampliar la postura historiográfica sobre la presencia típica de únicamente tres instituciones bancarias en los estados. Partimos de la hipótesis de que, a raíz de la débil regulación en materia bancaria, el marco institucional porfiriano fue incapaz de regular a todas las instituciones de crédito; en consecuencia, operó una gran cantidad de instituciones de crédito sin concesión. Asimismo, realizaremos una breve exploración sobre el desenvolvimiento de los bancos sin concesión, los cuales se encontraban al margen de la regulación bancaria de la Ley General de Instituciones de Crédito de 1897.","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76220044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"As dimensões da teoria do desenvolvimento de Furtado: ressignificações das categorias analíticas do subdesenvolvimento","authors":"Rafael Gonçalves-Gumiero","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1243","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo deste artigo é realizar o balanço comparativo das obras de Furtado, publicadas nos anos 1954 a 1984, cotejando quais conceitos formaram a estrutura da teoria do desenvolvimento e quais foram ressignificados na sua revisão do subdesenvolvimento. Esse balanço conceitual dirimiu que na primeira fase de Furtado houve o diálogo com os teóricos do centro capitalista e a ressignificação pela sua teoria do desenvolvimento. Na sua segunda fase, a teoria do desenvolvimento manteve a sua base metodológica, mas na revisão do subdesenvolvimento houve fortalecimento dos conceitos relacionados à interpretação das estruturas de poder e da política, como alternativa para desenvolvimento.","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78907628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of amperometric biosensor based on cloned hemagglutinin gene of H1N1 (swine flu) virus","authors":"Ravina, P. Gill, J. Narang, Ashok Kumar, Hari Mohan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-022-03200-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03200-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45219603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Consenso de Washington o Consenso de Beijing? Dilemas y contradicciones del Ecuador en el siglo XXI","authors":"G. Menon, Wagner Iglecias","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1305","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo busca discutir la situación económica ecuatoriana desde la perspectiva de su política exterior durante los albores del siglo xxi. Con este fin, la investigación analiza los flujos comerciales de los gobiernos de Rafael Correa (2007-2017) y Lenin Moreno (2017-2020) y, sobre todo, los volúmenes de préstamos administrados por los respectivos presidentes. Se destaca el alineamiento sino-ecuatoriano frente al escenario del superciclo de commodities en la experiencia de la revolución ciudadana y, más recientemente, en un campo antagónico, la reanudación de una agenda neoliberal bajo el mandato de Lenin Moreno.","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91176635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning tools for advancing drug discovery and development.","authors":"Sagorika Nag, Anurag T K Baidya, Abhimanyu Mandal, Alen T Mathew, Bhanuranjan Das, Bharti Devi, Rajnish Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13205-022-03165-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-022-03165-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A few decades ago, drug discovery and development were limited to a bunch of medicinal chemists working in a lab with enormous amount of testing, validations, and synthetic procedures, all contributing to considerable investments in time and wealth to get one drug out into the clinics. The advancements in computational techniques combined with a boom in multi-omics data led to the development of various bioinformatics/pharmacoinformatics/cheminformatics tools that have helped speed up the drug development process. But with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), the conventional drug discovery process has been further rationalized. Extensive biological data in the form of big data present in various databases across the globe acts as the raw materials for the ML/DL-based approaches and helps in accurate identifications of patterns and models which can be used to identify therapeutically active molecules with much fewer investments on time, workforce and wealth. In this review, we have begun by introducing the general concepts in the drug discovery pipeline, followed by an outline of the fields in the drug discovery process where ML/DL can be utilized. We have also introduced ML and DL along with their applications, various learning methods, and training models used to develop the ML/DL-based algorithms. Furthermore, we have summarized various DL-based tools existing in the public domain with their application in the drug discovery paradigm which includes DL tools for identification of drug targets and drug-target interaction such as DeepCPI, DeepDTA, WideDTA, PADME DeepAffinity, and DeepPocket. Additionally, we have discussed various DL-based models used in protein structure prediction, de novo design of new chemical scaffolds, virtual screening of chemical libraries for hit identification, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction, metabolite prediction, clinical trial design, and oral bioavailability prediction. In the end, we have tried to shed light on some of the successful ML/DL-based models used in the drug discovery and development pipeline while also discussing the current challenges and prospects of the application of DL tools in drug discovery and development. We believe that this review will be useful for medicinal and computational chemists searching for DL tools for use in their drug discovery projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":" ","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8994527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48679631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Rhizobium rhizogenes</i> infection in threatened Indian orchid <i>Dendrobium ovatum</i> mobilises 'Moscatilin' to enhance plant defensins.","authors":"Ipsita Pujari, Vidhu Sankar Babu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-022-03180-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-022-03180-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study illustrates the transformation ability of two wild-type bacterial strains of <i>Rhizobium rhizogene</i>s (MTCC 532 and MTCC 2364) on the embryogenic callus and callus-derived plantlets of a threatened Indian orchid, <i>Dendrobium ovatum</i>. Co-culture of the bacterium with the explants gave marginal hairy root phenotype that failed to multiply in the culture medium. Some primary and secondary metabolites were subdued in infected explants. Moscatilin, the stilbenoid active principle in <i>D. ovatum,</i> was found below the detection limit. The presence of two metabolites viz., Laudanosine, a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid and Lyciumin B, a cyclic peptide, were detected exclusively in the infected explants. The subjugated amino acids and phenolics in the infected plantlets were routed to produce phytoanticipins, and phenanthrenes, strengthening the defence mechanism in infected tissues. This research implies that the plant's defence mechanism activation could have prevented the extensive hairy root formation in the explants, even though nodulations and phenotype transitions were witnessed. Moscatilin has a structural resemblance with Resveratrol, a phytoalexin that combats bacterial and fungal pathogens. The study favours the possibility of Moscatlin being a precursor for phenanthrene compounds, thereby serving as a 'phytoanticipin' during the infection phase.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03180-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"12 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41768888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El capitalismo popular y los trabajadores de Huachipato: entre la convergencia ideológica y pragmática","authors":"Javier E. Rivas, Manuel Llorca-Jaña","doi":"10.18232/20073496.1300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1300","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo desarrolla un marco analítico para explicar la exitosa tasa de adhesión que alcanzó el capitalismo popular en la Siderúrgica Huachipato durante la privatización de la Compañía de Aceros del Pacífico (cap) en la década de 1980, de la cual Siderúrgica Huachipato era parte. Se propone que en el ciclo privatizador confluyeron el deterioro de los salarios reales con un explosivo aumento de las acciones en el mercado bursátil, lo que pudo representar un estímulo coyuntural para que los trabajadores accedieran a convertirse en accionistas de la empresa bajo las condiciones del capitalismo popular. Se plantea que dicho factor coyuntural confluyó además con la existencia de una cultura previa entre los trabajadores, marcada por altas expectativas de ingreso y consumo, lo cual coadyuvó en su incorporación en la modalidad de capitalismo popular practicado en la empresa.","PeriodicalId":48765,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85289181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}