Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems最新文献_第3页

Study on the influence of topography on wind shear-numerical simulation based on WRF-CALMET 地形对风切变的影响研究--基于 WRF-CALMET 的数值模拟

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-609

Xingyu Wang, Yuhong Lei, Baolong Shi, Zhiyi Wang, Xu Li, Jinyan Wang

{"title":"Study on the influence of topography on wind shear-numerical simulation based on WRF-CALMET","authors":"Xingyu Wang, Yuhong Lei, Baolong Shi, Zhiyi Wang, Xu Li, Jinyan Wang","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-2024-609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-609","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study focuses on the critical issue of low-altitude wind shear, vital for aircraft safety during takeoff and landing. Using the WRF-CALMET model, we assess the impact of topography on low-level wind shear at Zhongchuan Airport. CALMET outperforms WRF, showing improved simulation accuracy. CALMET's simulation highlights diurnal variations in vertical wind shear, especially pronounced from 13:00 to 24:00. Notably, CALMET indicates 1–2 hazard levels higher wind shear for aircraft operations compared to WRF in a significant area. Terrain sensitivity experiments reveal CALMET's responsiveness to terrain changes during high wind shear periods, with reduced impact at higher altitudes. CALMET's incorporation of kinematic terrain influences, blocking effects, slope flow, and strengthened diversion of near-surface airflow on complex terrain contribute to these findings. This study confirms the efficacy of CALMET in simulating low-altitude wind shear, emphasizing its superiority in capturing terrain influences and reducing the aviation safety threat posed by low-altitude wind shear.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"285 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shipborne Comparison of Infrared and Passive Microwave Radiometers for Sea Surface Temperature Observations 船载红外和被动微波辐射计在海面温度观测方面的比较

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-542

Guisella Gacitúa, Jacob L. Høyer, Sten Schmidl Søbjærg, Hoyeon Shi, Sotirios Skarpalezos, Ioanna Karagali, Emy Alerskans, Craig Donlon

{"title":"Shipborne Comparison of Infrared and Passive Microwave Radiometers for Sea Surface Temperature Observations","authors":"Guisella Gacitúa, Jacob L. Høyer, Sten Schmidl Søbjærg, Hoyeon Shi, Sotirios Skarpalezos, Ioanna Karagali, Emy Alerskans, Craig Donlon","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-2024-542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-542","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the spring of 2021, a shipborne comparison of sea surface temperature (SST) measurements was undertaken using Thermal Infrared (TIR) and Passive Microwave (PMW) radiometers. The Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) jointly deployed two TIR and two PMW instruments aboard the Norröna ferry, which traversed between Denmark and Iceland for a week. The primary objective was to assess the proximity-based comparison of TIR and PMW measurements, minimizing atmospheric influences and providing valuable insights into skin (TIR) and sub-skin (PMW) SSTs. A linear regression algorithm was developed using TIR SST data as a reference to derive PMW SST from brightness temperature. The data analysis primarily focused on evaluating data variability, identifying discrepancies between TIR and PMW SST, and assessing the overall uncertainty in the retrieval process. The overall root mean squared error (RMSE) of the retrieved PMW SST was 0.88 K during the ship’s motion and 0.94 K under stable conditions when the ship was moored. The analysis of the retrieved SST error budget involved the consideration of observed quantities and a forward model, accounting for factors like instrument noise, wind speed, incident angles, and the RMSE of skin and sub-skin temperature. The resulting error budget indicated 0.97 K for the data acquired during motion and 0.34 K for data collected during port stay.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140170772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-low-cost manual soil respiration chamber 超低成本手动土壤呼吸室

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.5194/gi-13-51-2024

Bartosz M. Zawilski, Vincent Bustillo

引用次数: 0

Automated static magnetic cleanliness screening for the TRACERS small-satellite mission TRACERS 小卫星飞行任务的自动静态磁洁净度筛选

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.5194/gi-13-43-2024

Cole J. Dorman, Chris Piker, David M. Miles

引用次数: 0

An optimized and hybrid gating scheme for the suppression of very low-frequency radios in transient electromagnetic systems 用于抑制瞬态电磁系统中极低频无线电的优化混合门控方案

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.5194/gi-13-27-2024

Smith Kashiram Khare, Paul McLachlan, Pradip Kumar Maurya, Jakob Juul Larsen

{"title":"An optimized and hybrid gating scheme for the suppression of very low-frequency radios in transient electromagnetic systems","authors":"Smith Kashiram Khare, Paul McLachlan, Pradip Kumar Maurya, Jakob Juul Larsen","doi":"10.5194/gi-13-27-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-27-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. One of the most widely used approaches for measuring the earth's subsurface resistivity is the transient electromagnetic (TEM) method. However, noise and interference from different sources, e.g., radio communication, the instrument, the atmosphere, and power lines, severely taint these types of signals. In particular, radio transmission in the very low-frequency (VLF) range between 3 and 30 kHz is one of the most prominent sources of noise. Transient electromagnetic signals are normally gated to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. A precise selection of gate shapes is required to suppress undesired noise while allowing the TEM signal to pass unaltered. We employ the multi-objective particle swarm optimization technique to choose optimal gate shapes and placements by minimizing an objective function composed of standard error bars, the covariance between gates, and the distortion of the gated signal. The proposed method is applied to both fully sampled synthetic TEM data and to boxcar-gated field data. The best output from the search space of gate shapes was found to be a hybrid combination of boxcar and Hamming gates. The effectiveness of hybrid gating over traditional boxcar and semi-tapered gating is confirmed by an analysis of covariance matrices and error bars. The results show that the developed method effectively suppresses VLF noise in the middle gates, which are gates with center times spanning 30 to 200 µs , and in the late gates, which are gates with center times spanning 200 to 1130 µs. The analysis shows that the average improvement in standard errors obtained for the hybrid gating scheme over boxcar gating is 1.719 and 1.717 for synthetic and field data, respectively.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"334 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enabling In-Situ Magnetic Interference Mitigation Algorithm Validation via a Laboratory-Generated Dataset 通过实验室生成的数据集实现原位磁干扰缓解算法验证

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-87

Matthew G. Finley, Allison M. Flores, Katherine J. Morris, Robert M. Broadfoot, Sam Hisel, Jason Homann, Chris Piker, Ananya Sen Gupta, David M. Miles

{"title":"Enabling In-Situ Magnetic Interference Mitigation Algorithm Validation via a Laboratory-Generated Dataset","authors":"Matthew G. Finley, Allison M. Flores, Katherine J. Morris, Robert M. Broadfoot, Sam Hisel, Jason Homann, Chris Piker, Ananya Sen Gupta, David M. Miles","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-2024-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-87","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Magnetometer measurements are one of the critical components necessary to improve our understanding of the intricate physical processes coupling mass, momentum, and energy within near-Earth space and throughout our solar system. However, these measurements are often contaminated by stray magnetic fields from the spacecraft hosting the magnetic field sensors, and the data often requires the application of interference mitigation algorithms prior to scientific use. Rigorous numerical validation of these techniques can be challenging when they are applied to in-situ spaceflight data, as a ground truth for the local magnetic field is often unavailable. This manuscript introduces and details the generation of an open-source dataset designed to facilitate the assessment of interference mitigation techniques for magnetic field data collected during spaceflight missions. The dataset contains over 100 hours of magnetic field data comprising mixtures of near-DC trends, physically-synthesized interference, and pseudo-geophysical phenomena. These constituent source signals have been independently captured by four synchronized magnetometers sampling at high cadence and combined into 30-minute intervals of data representative of events and interference seen in historic missions. The physical location of the four magnetometers relative to the interference sources enables researchers to test their interference mitigation algorithms with various magnetometer suite configurations, and the dataset also provides a ground truth for the underlying interference signals, enabling rigorous quantification of the results of past, present, and future interference mitigation efforts.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macapá, a Brazilian equatorial magnetometer station: installation, data availability and methods for temperature correction 巴西赤道磁强计站马卡帕：安装、数据提供和温度校正方法

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.5194/gi-2023-10

Cristiano Mendel Martins, Katia Jasbinschek Pinheiro, Achim Ohlert, Jürgen Matzka, Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Reynerth Pereira da Costa

{"title":"Macapá, a Brazilian equatorial magnetometer station: installation, data availability and methods for temperature correction","authors":"Cristiano Mendel Martins, Katia Jasbinschek Pinheiro, Achim Ohlert, Jürgen Matzka, Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Reynerth Pereira da Costa","doi":"10.5194/gi-2023-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2023-10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the last 60 years, the largest displacement of the magnetic equator (by about 1100 km northwards) occurred in the Brazilian longitudinal sector. The magnetic equator passed by Tatuoca magnetic observatory (TTB) in northern Brazil in 2012 and continues to move northward. Due to the horizontal geomagnetic field geometry at the magnetic equator, enhanced electric currents in the ionosphere are produced – the so called equatorial electrojet (EEJ). The magnetic effect of the EEJ is observed in the range of ± 3 degrees from the magnetic equator, where magnetic observatories record an amplified daily variation of the H component. In order to track the spatial and temporal variation of this phenomena, a new magnetometer station was installed in Macapá (MAA), which is about 350 km northwest from TTB. In this paper, we present the setup and data analysis of MAA station from 11/2019 until 09/2021. Because of its special configuration, we develop a method for temperature correction of the vector magnetometer data.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139669833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First In Situ Measurements of the Prototype Tesseract Fluxgate Magnetometer on the ACES-II Low Sounding Rocket ACES-II 低探空火箭上的原型魔方磁通门磁力计的首次现场测量

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-189

Kenton Greene, Scott R. Bounds, Robert M. Broadfoot, Connor Feltman, Samuel J. Hisel, Ryan M. Krauss, Amanda Lasko, Antonio Washington, David M. Miles

{"title":"First In Situ Measurements of the Prototype Tesseract Fluxgate Magnetometer on the ACES-II Low Sounding Rocket","authors":"Kenton Greene, Scott R. Bounds, Robert M. Broadfoot, Connor Feltman, Samuel J. Hisel, Ryan M. Krauss, Amanda Lasko, Antonio Washington, David M. Miles","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-2024-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-189","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Ongoing innovation in next generation fluxgate magnetometry is important for enabling future investigations of space plasma, especially multi-spacecraft experimental studies of energy transport in the magnetosphere and the solar wind. Demonstrating the spaceflight capability of novel designs is an important step in the instrument development process; however, large-scale satellite missions are often unwilling to accept the risks of an instrument without flight heritage. The Tesseract – a novel fluxgate magnetometer sensor design-had an opportunity for an inaugural spaceflight demonstration on the ACES-II sounding rocket mission, which launched from Andøya Space Center in Andenes, Norway, in November 2022. Tesseract’s design takes advantage of a new racetrack core geometry to create a sensor that addresses some of the issues that contribute to instability in more traditional ring core designs. Here we present the design of a prototype fluxgate magnetometer based on the new Tesseract sensor, its preflight characteristics, and an evaluation of its inflight performance aboard ACES-II. We find that the magnetic field measured by Tesseract over the course of the flight was in strong agreement with both the onboard ACES II reference ring core fluxgate magnetometer and the predictions of a geomagnetic field model. The Tesseract based magnetometer measured signatures of field aligned currents and potential Alfvén wave activity as it crossed an active auroral arc, we conclude that it performed as expected. Tesseract will be flown on the TRACERS Small Explorers (SMEX) satellite mission as part of the MAGIC technology demonstration currently scheduled to launch in 2025.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the Magic constant – data-based calibration of phased array radars 改进魔术常数--基于数据的相控阵雷达校准

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.5194/gi-2023-18

Theresa Rexer, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andres Spicher, Devin Ray Huyghebaert, Andreas Kvammen, Robert Gillies, Asti Bhatt

{"title":"Improving the Magic constant – data-based calibration of phased array radars","authors":"Theresa Rexer, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andres Spicher, Devin Ray Huyghebaert, Andreas Kvammen, Robert Gillies, Asti Bhatt","doi":"10.5194/gi-2023-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2023-18","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We present two methods for improved calibration of multi-point electron density measurements from incoherent scatter radars (ISR). They are based on the well-established Flatfield correction method used in imaging and photography, where we exploit the analogy between independent measurements in separate pixels in one image sensor and multi-beam radar measurements. Applying these correction methods adds to the current efforts of estimating the magic constant or system constant made for the calibration of multi-point radars, increasing data quality and usability by correcting for variable, unaccounted, and unpredictable variations in system gain. This second-level calibration is especially valuable for studies of plasma patches, irregularities, turbulence, and other research where inter-beam changes and fluctuations of electron density are of interest. The methods are strictly based on electron density data measured by the individual radar and require no external input. This is of particular interest when independent measurements of electron densities for calibration are available only in one pointing direction or not at all. A correction factor is estimated in both methods, which is subsequently used to scale the electron density measurements of a multi-beam ISR experiment run on a phased array radar such as RISR-N, RISR-C, PFISR, or the future EISCAT3D radar. This procedure could improve overall data quality if used as part of the data-processing chain for multi-beam ISRs, both for existing data and for future experiments on new multi-beam radars.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139482959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing a novel sensor design to jointly measure cosmic-ray neutrons, muons and gamma rays for non-invasive soil moisture estimation 测试新型传感器设计，以联合测量宇宙射线中子、μ介子和伽马射线，从而实现无创土壤湿度估算

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.5194/gi-13-9-2024

Stefano Gianessi, Matteo Polo, Luca Stevanato, Marcello Lunardon, Till Francke, Sascha E. Oswald, Hami Said Ahmed, Arsenio Toloza, Georg Weltin, Gerd Dercon, Emil Fulajtar, Lee Heng, Gabriele Baroni

{"title":"Testing a novel sensor design to jointly measure cosmic-ray neutrons, muons and gamma rays for non-invasive soil moisture estimation","authors":"Stefano Gianessi, Matteo Polo, Luca Stevanato, Marcello Lunardon, Till Francke, Sascha E. Oswald, Hami Said Ahmed, Arsenio Toloza, Georg Weltin, Gerd Dercon, Emil Fulajtar, Lee Heng, Gabriele Baroni","doi":"10.5194/gi-13-9-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-9-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has emerged as a reliable method for soil moisture and snow estimation. However, the applicability of this method beyond research has been limited due to, among others, the use of relatively large and expensive sensors. This paper presents the tests conducted on a new scintillator-based sensor especially designed to jointly measure neutron counts, muons and total gamma rays. The neutron signal is first compared against two conventional gas-tube-based CRNS sensors at two locations. The estimated soil moisture is further assessed at four agricultural sites, based on gravimetric soil moisture collected within the sensor footprint. Muon fluxes are compared to the incoming neutron variability measured at a neutron monitoring station and total gammas counts are compared to the signal detected by a gamma ray spectrometer. The results show that the neutron dynamic detected by the new scintillator-based CRNS sensor is well in agreement with conventional CRNS sensors. The derived soil moisture also agreed well with the gravimetric soil moisture measurements. The muons and the total gamma rays simultaneously detected by the sensor show promising features to account for the incoming variability and for discriminating irrigation and precipitation events, respectively. Further experiments and analyses should be conducted, however, to better understand the accuracy and the added value of these additional data for soil moisture estimation. Overall, the new scintillator design shows to be a valid and compact alternative to conventional CRNS sensors for non-invasive soil moisture monitoring and to open the path to a wide range of applications.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0