Mires and Peat最新文献_第3页

Combined palaeolimnological and ecological approach provides added value for understanding the character and drivers of recent environmental change in Flow Country lakes 古湖泊学和生态学相结合的方法为了解流动湖泊近期环境变化的特征和驱动因素提供了附加价值

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.386

H. Robson, V. Jones, G. Hilton, S. Brooks, C. Sayer, A. Douse

{"title":"Combined palaeolimnological and ecological approach provides added value for understanding the character and drivers of recent environmental change in Flow Country lakes","authors":"H. Robson, V. Jones, G. Hilton, S. Brooks, C. Sayer, A. Douse","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.386","url":null,"abstract":"The Flow Country peatlands receive national and international recognition and protection as a highly valued habitat, and also provide a number of important ecosystem services. While there has been much research on the terrestrial peatland habitat of the Flow Country, the area’s many hundreds of natural water bodies have been largely unstudied. The first part of this study therefore focuses on establishing the contemporary conditions at 18 Flow Country lakes, examining between-lake heterogeneity in terms of physical structure, water chemistry and biological communities. Temporal change in these lakes is then considered by combining contemporary ecological and palaeolimnological approaches. We examine how the diatom and chironomid communities of Flow Country lakes have changed since a time prior to the mid-nineteenth century. Results show that the lake communities today are different to those present pre-1850, containing more taxa tolerant of increased acidity and nutrient availability. General linear modelling (GLM) analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between the extent of change in diatom communities and both dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate. Community shifts, though considerable, are shown to be complex and idiosyncratic and no shift between trophic states is indicated. The extent and type of coarse-scale community change we observed points to widespread bottom-up drivers such as land management, afforestation and/or atmospheric deposition rather than more localised management practices such as fish stocking. The benefits of combining approaches is discussed and palaeolimnological methods by which land management, afforestation and atmospheric deposition could be further disentangled are identified.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45845769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A new preparation method for testate amoebae in minerogenic sediments 成矿沉积物中种皮变形虫的一种新制备方法

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.380

Xianglin Zheng, J. B. Harper, G. Hope, S. Mooney

引用次数: 3

The biocenotic values of Slitere National Park, Latvia: With special reference to inter-dune mires 拉脱维亚斯莱特雷国家公园的生物基因组价值：特别是沙丘间的沼泽

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.361

L. Wołejko, A. Grootjans, M. Pakalne, L. Strazdiņa, O. Aleksans, Samer Elshehawi, E. Grabowska

{"title":"The biocenotic values of Slitere National Park, Latvia: With special reference to inter-dune mires","authors":"L. Wołejko, A. Grootjans, M. Pakalne, L. Strazdiņa, O. Aleksans, Samer Elshehawi, E. Grabowska","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.361","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-dune wetlands in Europe harbour many Red List species because they are very nutrient-poor ecosystems. Most of these wetlands are geologically very young and no or little peat formation has occurred. In Slitere National Park the numerous inter-dune wetlands are relatively old, up to 4500 years old, and most mire communities are peat forming and they are well preserved. However, the hydrological systems that have conserved the mires are largely unknown. In the present study we analysed 128 vegetation relevees of dune mires in order to assess the variation in ecological mire types. We also carried out several short-time studies to get an insight into the peat development and hydrological conditions that sustain the mires. We describe peat profiles and measured temperature profiles and electrical conductivity in 26 dune valleys. We distinguished three main vegetation units and ten sub-units, representing various stages in peat formation. Based on electrical conductivity and temperature profiles we hypothesised that the mires were sustained by both local and more regional groundwater flows, of which the latter were possibly disturbed by anthropogenic influences, mainly outside the National Park. The importance of the Park was evaluated by comparing it to species lists of wetlands from all countries bordering the Baltic Sea. On the European scale the inter-dune wetlands of Slitere National Park are very important because they represent well-developed examples of mire formation on a landscape scale, which elsewhere in most of Europe are rare or have become extinct due to intensive land use.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46390539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Ground surface subsidence in an afforested peatland fifty years after drainage and planting 泥炭地排水和种植50年后的地表沉降

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-05-03 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.348

T. Sloan, R. Payne, R. Payne, Alistair R. Anderson, P. Gilbert, D. Mauquoy, A. Newton, R. Andersen

引用次数: 9

High N2O and CO2 emissions from bare peat dams reduce the climate mitigation potential of bog rewetting practices. 裸露泥炭坝的高N2O和CO2排放降低了沼泽重新湿润做法的气候缓解潜力。

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2017.SNPG.304

O. Vybornova, H. V. Asperen, E. Pfeiffer, L. Kutzbach

引用次数: 9

An incubation study of GHG flux responses to a changing water table linked to biochemical parameters across a peatland restoration chronosequence. 泥炭地恢复时序中与生物化学参数相关的地下水位变化的温室气体通量响应的孵化研究。

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-03-30 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.DW.354

R. Hermans, Nils Zahn, R. Andersen, Y. Teh, N. Cowie, J. Subke

{"title":"An incubation study of GHG flux responses to a changing water table linked to biochemical parameters across a peatland restoration chronosequence.","authors":"R. Hermans, Nils Zahn, R. Andersen, Y. Teh, N. Cowie, J. Subke","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.DW.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.DW.354","url":null,"abstract":"Large areas of northern peatlands have been drained and afforested with conifers in the 20 century. This has led to changes in the hydrology of the peatlands, the quality and quantity of organic matter inputs and soil microbial communities, which are all likely to impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. Considerable areas of these forest plantations are undergoing restoration, and our aim was to assess whether contrasting compositions of peat, in conjunction with hydrological changes in a controlled lab experiment, impact on GHG fluxes. We incubated vegetation free cores (at 8 °C) from a near-natural bog, restoration sites felled in 1998, 2006, 2012 and a current forest plantation at (a) low water tables, (b) high tables or (c) water tables that were changed from low to high. Results show that peat quality and nutrient availability in the pore water have been altered by the forest plantations, which resulted in dissimilar carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between the sites under the same temperature and water table conditions. Higher CO2 fluxes were found in the peat cores from the forest plantations than from sites that have undergone restoration and from the near-natural bog. However, there were few differences in methane (CH4) fluxes from the different sites, indicating that on its own (i.e., in the absence of biotic interactions under field conditions) the effects of forestry on CH4 flux are limited.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46444556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Comparison of plant traits of sedges, shrubs and Sphagnum mosses between sites undergoing forest-to-bog restoration and near-natural open blanket bog: a pilot study 森林-沼泽恢复和近天然开放覆盖沼泽地莎草、灌木和泥炭藓植物特性的比较：一项初步研究

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-03-17 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.307

W. Konings, K. Boyd, R. Andersen

{"title":"Comparison of plant traits of sedges, shrubs and Sphagnum mosses between sites undergoing forest-to-bog restoration and near-natural open blanket bog: a pilot study","authors":"W. Konings, K. Boyd, R. Andersen","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.307","url":null,"abstract":"In the UK, the majority of peatlands have been damaged by drainage, agriculture, forestry plantations or erosion, compromising the ecosystem services they deliver including carbon sequestration. On the other hand, since the 1990s many projects have carried out a range of interventions to restore peatlands. In forest-to-bog restoration, tree removal and drain blocking lead to immediately visible changes. However, while some key plant species return within years, they may continue to exhibit differences in how they perform and interact with their environment. To investigate this, plant functional traits were measured and compared for Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Sphagnum capillifolium and Sphagnum papillosum collected in an open blanket bog, a forestry plantation and two forest-to-bog restoration sites in northern Scotland. Significantly lower specific leaf area and chlorophyll content, and higher leaf dry matter content, were found in the open bog site compared with plantation and forest-to-bog sites. This could be related to nutrient enrichment derived from brash and needle decomposition in the latter sites, suggesting a lasting effect of coniferous plantations even after decades of restoration management. Altered plant functional traits may have feedbacks on ecosystem processes such as litter decomposition and peat formation.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49398464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Identification and classification of unmapped blanket bogs in the Cordillera Cantábrica, northern Spain 西班牙北部科迪勒拉-坎塔布里卡未绘制覆盖沼泽的识别和分类

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-03-17 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.378

Guaduneth Chico, B. Clutterbuck, R. Lindsay, N. G. Midgley, J. Labadz

{"title":"Identification and classification of unmapped blanket bogs in the Cordillera Cantábrica, northern Spain","authors":"Guaduneth Chico, B. Clutterbuck, R. Lindsay, N. G. Midgley, J. Labadz","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.AJB.378","url":null,"abstract":"Blanket bogs are rare types of peatland that are recognised internationally for important habitat provision, and nationally and locally as important carbon stores and sinks. These ecosystems enjoy particular attention and protection within the European Union, but gaps highlighted in the Spanish national peatland inventory leave many areas of Spain’s blanket bog habitat unprotected and exposed to anthropogenic pressures such as livestock or wind farm development. This research identifies and offers classification of four currently unmapped areas of blanket bog located in the Cordillera Cantabrica (north Spain) on the administrative boundaries between the regions of Cantabria and Castilla y Leon. Peat depth was surveyed on a 15 m spaced grid at all sites and mesotope units were defined from topography and hydrological flow patterns. Two sloping and two mound blanket bogs were identified containing a range of bog and fen mesotope units. Maximum peat depth at the five sites ranges from 1.78 to 2.82 m covering an area of 43 ha of blanket bog (> 30 cm peat depth). The survey also estimates that more than 300,000 m3 of peat has accumulated across all sites. This study adds significantly to the known global distribution of blanket mire and suggests that an urgent update of national peatland inventories is needed more widely, not least in Spain, to identify currently unmapped areas of blanket bog. The approach used here can be employed wherever blanket mires occur in the world to promote their designation and the preservation of peatland diversity and carbon storage.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45153923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Net ecosystem exchange from two formerly afforested peatlands undergoing restoration in the Flow Country of Northern Scotland. 北苏格兰流动地区正在恢复的两个以前造林的泥炭地的净生态系统交换。

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.DW.346

G. Hambley, R. Andersen, P. Levy, M. Saunders, N. Cowie, Y. Teh, T. Hill

引用次数: 17

A synthesis of evidence for the effects of interventions to conserve peatland vegetation : overview and critical discussion 保护泥炭地植被的干预措施效果的证据综合:概述和批判性讨论

IF 1.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Mires and Peat Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.379

N. G. Taylor, P. Grillas, Fennessy, E. Goodyer, Llb Graham, E. Karofeld, R. Lindsay, David A. Locky, N. Ockendon, A. Rial, S.. Ross, Rebecca K. Smith, R. Diggelen, J. Whinam, W. Sutherland

{"title":"A synthesis of evidence for the effects of interventions to conserve peatland vegetation : overview and critical discussion","authors":"N. G. Taylor, P. Grillas, Fennessy, E. Goodyer, Llb Graham, E. Karofeld, R. Lindsay, David A. Locky, N. Ockendon, A. Rial, S.. Ross, Rebecca K. Smith, R. Diggelen, J. Whinam, W. Sutherland","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.379","url":null,"abstract":"Peatlands are valuable but threatened ecosystems. Intervention to tackle direct threats is often necessary, but should be informed by scientific evidence to ensure it is effective and efficient. Here we discuss a recent synthesis of evidence for the effects of interventions to conserve peatland vegetation - a fundamental component of healthy, functioning peatland ecosystems. The synthesis is unique in its broad scope (global evidence for a comprehensive list of 125 interventions) and practitioner-focused outputs (short narrative summaries in plain English, integrated into a searchable online database). Systematic literature searches, supplemented by recommendations from an international advisory board, identified 162 publications containing 296 distinct tests of 66 of the interventions. Most of the articles studied open bogs or fens in Europe or North America. Only 36 interventions were supported by sufficient evidence to assess their overall effectiveness. Most of these interventions (85 %) had positive effects, overall, on peatland vegetation - although this figure is likely to have been inflated by publication bias. We discuss how to use the synthesis, critically, to inform conservation decisions. Reflecting on the content of the synthesis we make suggestions for the future of peatland conservation, from monitoring over appropriate timeframes to routinely publishing results to build up the evidence base.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67989750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19