Jama Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing Lung Cancer in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.","authors":"Jessica N Hatton, John Kucera, Kenneth P Seastedt, Kelvin César de Andrade, Sharon A Savage, Payal P Khincha, Chuong D Hoang","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2511","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sublobar Resection vs Lobectomy for High-Risk Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.","authors":"Jay M Lee","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2294","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy vs Best Supportive Care for Patients With Hepatocellular Cancer With Child-Pugh B Dysfunction.","authors":"Claudia Angela Maria Fulgenzi, Bernhard Scheiner, Antonio D'Alessio, Aman Mehan, Giulia F Manfredi, Ciro Celsa, Naoshi Nishida, Celina Ang, Thomas U Marron, Linda Wu, Anwaar Saeed, Brooke Wietharn, Antonella Cammarota, Tiziana Pressiani, Matthias Pinter, Rohini Sharma, Jaekyung Cheon, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Pei-Chang Lee, Samuel Phen, Anuhya Gampa, Anjana Pillai, Andrea Napolitano, Caterina Vivaldi, Francesca Salani, Gianluca Masi, Marianna Silletta, Federica Lo Prinzi, Emanuela Di Giacomo, Bruno Vincenzi, Dominik Bettinger, Robert Thimme, Arndt Vogel, Martin Schönlein, Johann von Felden, Kornelius Schulze, Henning Wege, Peter R Galle, Mario Pirisi, Joong-Won Park, Masatoshi Kudo, Lorenza Rimassa, Amit G Singal, Paul El Tomb, Susanna Ulahannan, Alessandro Parisi, Hong Jae Chon, Wei-Fan Hsu, Giorgia Ghittoni, Calogero Cammà, Benedetta Stefanini, Franco Trevisani, Edoardo G Giannini, Alessio Cortellini, David James Pinato","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2166","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Whether patients with Child-Pugh class B (CP-B) cancer with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) benefit from active anticancer treatment vs best supportive care (BSC) is debated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies vs BSC with overall survival (OS) of patients with uHCC and CP-B liver dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This retrospective, multicenter, international clinical case series examined data of patients with CP-B with uHCC who were receiving first-line ICI-based regimens from September 2017 to December 2022 whose data were extracted from an international consortium and compared with a cohort of patients with CP-B receiving BSC. Patients were treated in tertiary care centers across Europe, US, and Asia in routine clinical practice. After applying the inclusion criteria, 187 and 156 patients were left in the ICI and BSC groups, respectively. The propensity score was calculated for the following variables: age, alpha-fetoprotein levels, Child-Pugh score, extrahepatic spread, portal vein tumor thrombosis, cirrhosis, ascites, and baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Patients in the ICI group received first-line systemic therapy with either atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A+B) (n = 141) or nivolumab (n = 46).</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>OS in the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) populations was the main outcome, and it was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method; univariable Cox regression test was used to make comparisons between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 66 (IQR, 61-72) and 73 (IQR, 66-81) years in the ICI (33 women [18%]) and BSC groups (41 women [26%]), respectively. In the IPTW populations, median OS was significantly longer in the ICI group (7.50 months; 95% CI, 5.62-11.15) compared with BSC (4.04 months; 95% CI, 3.03-5.03; hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.43-0.80; P < .001). Multivariable analysis confirmed that ICI exposure was associated with a reduction of approximately 50% in the risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.35-0.86; P < .001), and the presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of greater than 1, and alpha-fetoprotein levels of 400 ng/mL or greater were associated with increased risk of death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The results of this case series provide comparative evidence of improved survival in association with ICI treatment compared with BSC in patients with uHCC with CP-B liver dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atezolizumab Before and After Chemoradiation for Unresectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase II Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Helen J Ross, David Kozono, Xiaofei F Wang, James John Urbanic, Terence M Williams, Garth D Nelson, David P Carbone, Dongjun Chung, Ryan Robb, Woo Yul Byun, Tiffany Talabere, Carter DuFrane, Ilze Bara, Katja Schulze, Michelle Brockman, Junheng Gao, Everett E Vokes, Thomas E Stinchcombe","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1897","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Outcomes for patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with chemoradiation therapy (CRT) have improved with adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a reported 5-year overall survival benefit of approximately 10% for adjuvant durvalumab vs placebo after completion of CRT without progression and with preserved performance status. Starting atezolizumab prior to CRT may allow more patients to benefit from immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate clinical outcomes of patients treated with atezolizumab before and after CRT for unresectable stage III NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This single-cohort, phase II, nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted at 11 US sites. Patients with pathologically confirmed, unresectable stage III NSCLC who were treatment naive and had good performance status were enrolled between January 3, 2018, and July 24, 2019. Data were locked on March 21, 2023.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Patients received four 21-day cycles of atezolizumab, 1200 mg intravenously, with therapy administered on day 1 of each cycle. Patients not experiencing tumor progression continued to CRT (60 Gy to involved fields) concurrent with weekly carboplatin area under the curve of 2 and paclitaxel, 50 mg/m2, followed by planned consolidation carboplatin area under the curve of 6 and paclitaxel, 200 mg/m2, for two 21-day cycles. Patients not experiencing progression continued atezolizumab, 1200 mg, every 21 days to complete 1 year of therapy.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary end point was the disease control rate at 12 weeks. Secondary end points were progression-free survival, overall survival, overall response rate, safety, and translational science end points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 62 patients (median [range] age, 63.9 [38.1-86.5] years; 32 female [51.6%]) were enrolled and received at least 1 dose of atezolizumab. The disease control rate at 12 weeks was 74.2% (80% CI, 65.7%-81.4%). Median progression-free survival was 30.0 months (95% CI, 15.8 to not evaluable), and the median overall survival was not reached. The overall survival rate at 24 months was 73.7% (95% CI, 63.4%-85.7%), and the overall response rate was 66.2%. Seventeen patients (27.4%) experienced grade 3 or higher immune-related adverse events, including 1 with grade 5 pneumonitis and 1 with grade 4 Guillain-Barré syndrome. Thirty patients (48.4%) experienced grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>These findings suggest that neoadjuvant atezolizumab merits further study based on safety and encouraging outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03102242.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Cancer-The Waiting Is the Hardest Part.","authors":"David A Haggstrom, Signe M Braafladt, Paul K J Han","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAMA Oncology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piercing the Fog.","authors":"Antonio Yaghy","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1865","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Precision Equity With Multicancer Detection Liquid Biopsies.","authors":"Nicholas P Semenkovich, Gautum Agarwal, Aadel A Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1860","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1860","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Risk Stratification to Guide an Optimal Preventive Strategy for Breast Radiation Dermatitis.","authors":"Henry C Y Wong, Saverio Caini, Kimberly Corbin","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2206","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valid Analysis of Brain-Specific Progression-Free Survival-Reply.","authors":"Tom Wei-Wu Chen, Ming-Shen Dai, Yen-Shen Lu","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1699","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1699","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}