Jama Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Appropriately Interpreting Evidence of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Cancer in Males-Reply.","authors":"Taito Kitano, Sayaka Yoshida","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2736","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1034-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriately Interpreting Evidence of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Cancer in Males.","authors":"Anil K Chaturvedi, Philip E Castle","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2733","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2733","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1033-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival in the SONIA Trial.","authors":"Taichi Kurose, Akihiko Shimomura, Chikako Shimizu","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1918","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"893-894"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypernatremia and Polyuria in a Patient With Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Rushabh Shah, Ty Carroll, Lubna N Chaudhary","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1592","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"890-891"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival in the SONIA Trial-Reply.","authors":"Gabe S Sonke, Inge R Konings, Agnes Jager","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1921","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"894-895"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Thomas Zilli, Ciro Franzese, Matthias Guckenberger, Niccolò Giaj-Levra, Nicolas Mach, Verane Achard, Nicolas Vial, Andrew McDonald, Filippo Alongi, Marta Scorsetti, Guillaume Constantin, Aurelie Bertaut, Raymond Miralbell","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1886","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), most commonly delivered in 5 fractions, is an established treatment option for patients with localized prostate cancer. While efforts to further reduce treatment to fewer than 5 fractions are ongoing, the efficacy and tolerability of single high-dose SBRT remain to be established.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine in men with localized prostate cancer whether a single-fraction SBRT can be a valid treatment option in terms of biochemical disease control and safety.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This multicenter, single-arm, prospective, phase 1/2 nonrandomized clinical trial included men with localized prostate cancer at low or intermediate risk, with International Society of Urological Pathology grade group 1 or 2, and without significant tumor in the transitional zone. Participants were recruited between 2017 and 2022 in 5 academic centers in Europe and the US. Data were analyzed between February and May 2026.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Participants were treated with a 19-Gy single-fraction prostate SBRT with urethra-sparing and intrafraction motion control.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary end point was biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) at 3 years (expected value of 96% included in the 95% CI). Secondary end points included occurrence of genitourinary (GU), gastrointestinal (GI), and sexual adverse events (AEs) and quality of life (QOL) assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 45 patients recruited (median age, 72 [range, 60-82] years), 43 were treated per protocol. After a median follow-up of 55.3 (IQR, 49.9-60.7) months, the estimated 3-year bRFS was 92.9% (95% CI, 85.4%-100%), meeting the primary end point. At 3 years, grade 2 GU and GI AEs were observed in 4 (9.8%) and 2 (4.9%) participants, respectively, with only a grade-3 proctitis observed in 1 patient at month 12. Grade 2 or higher erectile dysfunction increased from 9 of 42 patients (21.4%) at baseline to 15 of 39 (38.4%) at 3 years. A significant minimally clinically important change in Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite scores was observed in 6 (14%) and 12 (28%) participants for GU and sexual scores, respectively. The impact in GI bother scores was minimal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this multicenter phase 1/2 trial, a single-fraction 19-Gy urethra-sparing SBRT met the primary end point, achieving a 3-year bRFS of 92.9%, with grade 2 GU and GI AEs remaining below 10% and 5%, respectively, at 3 years. Longer follow-up is warranted to assess long-term disease control.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03294889.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"836-844"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durable Gains and Persistent Questions From the ASTRUM-005 Trial.","authors":"Narjust Florez","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1374","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1374","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"819"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluids for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Diabetic Ketoacidosis.","authors":"Lillian Ruiheng Chen, Tim Cooksley, Safwaan Adam","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1586","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"892"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avelumab Plus Methotrexate for Gestational Trophoblastic Tumors: The TROPHAMET Phase 1/2 Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Benoit You, Jean-Pierre Lotz, Pierre Descargues, Florence Joly, Thibault De La Motte Rouge, Coriolan Lebreton, Laurence Gladieff, Philippe Follana, Mathieu Jamelot, Jerome Massardier, Touria Hajri, Adrien Msika, Marine Alves-Ferreira, Sylvie Bin, Carole Langlois-Jacques, Fabien Subtil, Adeline Roux, Christophe Desauw, Magali Provansal, Verane Schwiertz, Francois Golfier, Pierre-Adrien Bolze","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1697","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Low-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT; International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] score ≤6) are typically treated with single-agent chemotherapy, achieving cure rates of approximately 70%. Avelumab (anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 monoclonal antibody) has demonstrated activity in chemotherapy-resistant GTT, supporting investigation in earlier treatment settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of avelumab combined with methotrexate as first-line therapy in patients with low-risk GTT.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>TROPHAMET (Avelumab and Methotrexate in Low-Risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasias as First-Line Treatment) was a multicenter, phase 1/2 nonrandomized clinical trial of patients with low-risk GTT (FIGO score ≤6) treated at academic referral centers. The study period was from April 14, 2020, to December 5, 2023, with a follow-up of 41 months. Data were analyzed from December 20, 2024, to July 3, 2025.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Avelumab, 800 mg, intravenously on day 1 plus methotrexate, 1 mg/kg, intramuscularly on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 alternating with oral folinic acid in 2-week cycles until normalization of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level; and followed by 3 consolidation cycles.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Phase 1 primary end point was dose-limiting toxic effects (DLTs); phase 2 primary end point was the rate of serum hCG normalization permitting treatment discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 27 female patients treated (median [range] age, 35 [20-50] years), 26 were assessable for efficacy. Eight patients (31%) had FIGO scores of 1 to 2; 8 patients (31%) had scores of 3 to 4; and 10 patients (38%) had scores of 5 to 6. The treatment regimen demonstrated acceptable safety: 1 DLT occurred (grade 3 sepsis on central venous catheter); immune- and treatment-related adverse events of grade 2 or higher occurred in 6 patients (22%), all of which fully resolved except for 1 case of grade 2 dysthyroidism; and there were no grade 4 or higher events. The rate of successful hCG normalization was 96.2% (90% CI, 85.9%-97.9%). After a median (IQR) follow-up of 41 (37-45) months, no relapses were observed. Among patients with childbearing potential and pregnancy intention, 13 of 14 achieved pregnancy (93%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this nonrandomized clinical trial, avelumab combined with methotrexate demonstrated a manageable safety profile and high efficacy in low-risk GTT in more than 95% of patients, with durable responses and preserved fertility. This combination may represent a promising first-line strategy warranting evaluation in comparative studies, particularly for patients at higher risk of chemoresistance.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04396223.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"820-827"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Georgia O'Keeffe, Hannah Wilke, and Choosing One's Own Narrative-Sovereignty.","authors":"Gilberto Lopes","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1583","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1583","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"803-804"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}