Vestnik SGUGiT最新文献

{"title":"Creation of a spatial model based on the results of geodetic measurements to analyze the environmental impact in small open pits","authors":"А. А. Basargin","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-5-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-5-15","url":null,"abstract":"Mining, especially open pit mining, has a significant impact on the terrain. The article discusses the use of geodetic methods to monitor the process of mining and its possible impact on the environ-ment. The created relief model can be used to design the process of quarry restoration after their closure. The mineral wealth of a country is considered an important factor and is linked to the country's economy. Mineral resources are non-renewable, and their extraction and subsequent processing must take into account the rarity of their occurrence, the level of mining technologies to track spatial changes in mining operations. The main idea of this scientific study is to apply geodetic measurement methods to determine the current scale of mining in a quarry using a 3D terrain model. The paper presents an overview of the technologies used in performing geodetic measurements, as well as processing the measured data to assess the state of the spatial distribution of a quarry in order to determine the impact of mining on the landscape. The purpose of this article is to create a spatial terrain model based on the results of geodetic measurements to analyze the impact on the environment in small open pits. Methods of geodetic observations were used to create a spatial model of the terrain. Digital maps were also created by photogrammetric processing of aerial stereo images and subsequent semi-automatic removal of vegetation and other objects.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"760 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optical method for monitoring the concentration of antibiotics in water in order to assess the effectiveness of its purification by a natural biocleaner","authors":"A. A. Chernov, S. A. Stepanova, G. V. Simonovа","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-1-125-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-1-125-132","url":null,"abstract":"At present, contamination of natural water sources with antibiotics has become of great concern. Existing treatment facilities do not fully solve the problem of fresh water conservation, methods of purification and process control of purification from antibiotics, are either complex or do not work at all. The most promising direction of water purification from pollutants is biological methods, since aquatic plants, as natural cleaners, contribute to the decomposition of pollutants and their transformation into harmless or less harmful compounds. Eichornia (water hyacinth) recognized, as the leader of this type of cleaner in the world. This article presents the measurement results of antibiotic concentration changes in water obtained by optical methods in order to assess the effectiveness of the purification process. The selection of the measuring signal due to the pollutant carried out in a differential way. The choice of the spectral range corresponded to the maximum absorption capacity of the dissolved substance. The impurity concentration was determined according to the calibration curve obtained for the given substance. The results of the samples analysis showed a significant decrease, almost three times, in the concentration of the pollutant, depending on the cleaning time. The article also discusses the thermal approach to the problem of waste biomass disposal. The conducted experiments showed that the energy value of the biomass is not high and is less than 8 MJ/kg with a large amount of ash residue. The result obtained can be useful for obtaining a source of hydrogen and synthesis gas or choosing a process for utilizing spent biomass.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a geodetic simulator in virtual reality mode","authors":"N. A. Kirilov","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-16-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-16-25","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of virtual reality technologies in the educational process in addition to educational and industrial practices will allow а student to gain more experience with geodetic instruments under different conditions. The aim of the research is to develop a geodetic simulator, which can facilitate the experience of future specialists and improve the quality of the educational process. The article presents the development of the main menu of the simulator, the creation of a demo room of geodetic instruments, as well as testing of the developed software product. The result of the research is the creation of a fully functioning simulator of work with geodetic equipment in virtual reality, which allows supplementing both the distance learning process of future geodesists and the full-time educational process. Being a universal tool, the simulator will be useful not only for training future specialists, but also will help specialists with work experience to refresh their knowledge and practice with geodetic equipment at different locations.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135156140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-based model of nature management in the conditions of the Dolinsky reserve of the Sakhalin region","authors":"S. V. Abramova, E. N. Boyarov, O. V. Kuptsova, N. F. Dvoinova","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-89-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-89-103","url":null,"abstract":"On the territory of the Russian Federation there are more than 13 thousand specially protected natural areas (hereinafter referred to as SPNAs). In general, within the boundaries of these protected areas, the economic use of lands is prohibited or significantly limited, which is mainly due to their special status associated with the need to preserve and reproduce endangered species of flora and fauna and their habitats. Permitted types of activities and nature management in the Dolinsky State Natural Complex Reserve of Regional Importance (hereinafter referred to as the Dolinsky Reserve) are associated with the need to implement territorial infrastructure projects for the oil and gas complex of the Sakhalin Region, namely, the construction and maintenance of linear structures of the transport infrastructure. At the same time, the peculiarities of the geographical location of the Sakhalin Region, the peculiarities of the geological, geomorphological structure, climatic and other features of the region, for the safe implementation of permitted types of nature management in this territory, require taking into account existing and potential risk-forming factors that can be realized in the form of hazards and threats to natural and man-made nature. This necessitates risk-based modeling based on the identification of risk-generated parameters on the territory of protected areas and the use of the entire available information array to calculate the possible risks of hazardous and emergency situations in the study area. In the course of the study, based on the materials of satellite images Landsat-8, Sentinel-2A, SRTM data, as well as the analysis of statistical data on seismic activity, fire hazard, flood conditions, and technogenic load of the study area, an assessment was made of the state of the Dolinsky reserve territory (Sakhalin Island). As a result, sufficient information content of the source materials was revealed, a risk-based risk assessment model was developed, the results of the data processing and calculation methodology were demonstrated, and a risk map of environmental management in the conditionsof the Dolinsky reserve was compiled.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135156743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the satellite leveling technique for creating a height network in Lebanon","authors":"M. G. Mustafin, H. I. Moussa, M. R. Abboud, A. H. Jalloul","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-23-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-23-32","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issue of using satellite leveling technology to create referenced height networks. The topic is relevant with the possibility of determining normal heights according to satellite determinations. At the same time, ensuring that the appropriate accuracy is associated with the solution of technological and computational problems. The first one is connected with the formulation of experimental studies to clarify the degree of variability of the reference surfaces, on which the transfer of the mark depends on the geometric leveling method. The second one is aimed to clarify the quasi-geoid marks for certain territories according to satellite determinations, quasi-geoid model, and geometric leveling. The use of satellite leveling technology is especially appropriate for countries with either no existing state geodetic network, or an undeveloped one, which in turns prevents finding a full-fledged solution of the practical problems. The presented method of satellite leveling includes the analysis of the deviations accuracy from the plumb line. An example of testing the methodology in Lebanon is given.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135156720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the parameters of MEMS deflectors to determine the magnetic permeability of the dipole material","authors":"V. S. Korneyev, S. L. Shergin","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-128-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-128-132","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-electromechanical (MEMS) deflectors with electromagnetic control and an experimental stand for measuring their functional parameters are considered. The electromagnetic control method makes it possible to obtain a high positioning accuracy of the reflected beam along one spatial coordinate, and also provides increased speed with the time of deviation of the light flux to a predetermined position of 5–10 μs. Graphs of experimental and theoretical dependences of the angle of deviation of the light flux on the induction of the control magnetic field of MEMS deflectors are presented. Using the method of successive approximations, the value of the magnetic permeability of the dipole material µ = 120 was selected, and the maximum value of the angular deviation of the light flux along one spatial coordinate was determined, which is 13.50. The MEMS presented in this paper can be used, first of all, as high-speed deflectors and optical flow scanners with a beam diameter of up to 2.5 mm.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the farms of the subtaiga zone of Western Siberia","authors":"A. V. Bankrutenko, N. S. Eliseeva","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-68-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-3-68-76","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, agriculture in the world, including Russia, is turning into one of the clearest examples of the rapid and successful introduction of new technologies, and these include the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), so we set a goal to study the use of UAVs in the farms of the agroindustrial complex in the conditions of the subtaiga zone of Western Siberia, in particular in the farms of the Tarsky municipal district of the Omsk region. The article presents studies that were carried out for the first time in the Omsk region. The feature of the research is the use of a quadcopter to monitor agricultural land in a highly wooded area (65-70%). As a result of the work, all the tasks were completed, the positive and negative sides of the use of drones in the farms of the subtaiga of the Omsk region were revealed. We believe that our practical experience in the use of UAVs in agriculture will be useful for relevant managers and specialists.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of the displacements dynamics of landslide slopes under the conditions of technogenic impacts","authors":"V. S. Khoroshilov, O. G. Pavlovskaya, N. N. Kobeleva, Kh. K. Yambaev","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-1-45-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-1-45-58","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the features of mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of landslide slopes to predict their movements. Regular control and monitoring of exogenous geological processes are important elements of a qualitative assessment of landslide events, including both the timely identification of areas with the greatest danger and the elimination of their consequences. The natural and technogenic features of the study area are considered. The previous results of the processing of geodetic observation data are presented, which are the basis for mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of landslide slopes and for predicting their movements. Based on the Fourier transform, a spectral study of the vertical displacements of landslide signs was carried out and an analysis of the obtained spectrograms was made. Modeling of movements of landslide slopes subject to technogenic impacts (blasting and removal of a large amount of soil) is implemented on the basis of a forecast dynamic model. The model is presented in a recurrent form in the form of the first two conditional moment functions, which made it possible to predict the movements of controlled landslide slopes with a sufficiently high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of changes in the trajectory and orientation of unmanned aerial vehicles from overlapping images","authors":"V. G. Andronov, A. A. Chuev","doi":"10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-47-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-2-47-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers a method for determining abnormal changes in the trajectory and orientation of unmanned aerial vehicles in the conditions of loss of signals from satellites in the interests of improving the accuracy of navigation support for their exit to a given point of the horizontal flight route. The developed technique is based on the functional relationship of the difference in parallaxes of adjacent pairs of images obtained by the onboard camera of unmanned aerial vehicles during flight, with their deviations from the horizontal trajectory and changes in orientation. The obtained analytical relations allow for each corresponding point of a pair of images to form and solve a system of two nonlinear equations with five unknowns, which use deviations of unmanned aerial vehicles in altitude and direction of flight and their pitch, roll and yaw angles, approximate values of which are determined by the inertial navigation system. The procedures for the refinement of these parameters based on the math-ematical processing of the measurement results of the plane coordinates of the corresponding points by the method of least squares are presented. The proposed approach makes it possible to halve the minimum number of processed points and ensures the accuracy of determining the deviations of unmanned aerial vehicles from the horizontal trajectory and changes in its angular orientation, commensurate with the accuracy of satellite navigation.","PeriodicalId":486194,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik SGUGiT","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}