{"title":"Development of Isotopic Reference Materials for <sup>13</sup>C-Urea Breath Tests","authors":"Ia. K. Chubchenko","doi":"10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-51-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-51-62","url":null,"abstract":"Over 30 standards and certified measurement techniques are currently used in Russia to determine carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen isotope ratios. The techniques implemented in these documents are based on foreign reference materials (RMs). Similar domestically-produced RMs are not available, which makes the use of these techniques limited in the near future. This study aims to develop a certified RM (CRM) for the isotopic composition of carbon dioxide for 13 C-urea breath tests. The following objectives were formulated: to develop a technique for obtaining RMs; to manufacture an RM pilot batch; to carry out type approval tests. The RM was manufactured by gravimetric mixing of carbon dioxide of two different isotopic composition from different sources with synthetic air. The mixing ratio was calculated using a specially developed technique. The RM stability was tested by an accelerated aging procedure. Following type approval tests, the developed CRM was included in the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements under the registration number GSO 11999–2022. The practical significance of the obtained results is related to the possibility of using the developed CRM for improving the accuracy and validity of 13 C-urea breath tests. Compared to the analogs, the developed CRM demonstrates a higher chemical purity.","PeriodicalId":486160,"journal":{"name":"Эталоны. Стандартные образцы","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135925443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. V. Serdjukov, T. I. Maslova, I. S. Tsay, E. A. Volegova
{"title":"Development of Reference Materials for AC Magnetic Properties of Cold-rolled Non-oriented Electrical Steel","authors":"S. V. Serdjukov, T. I. Maslova, I. S. Tsay, E. A. Volegova","doi":"10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-73-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-73-81","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical steel is a soft magnetic material used in the manufacture of various electrical equipment intended for the transmission and conversion of electricity and used mainly in alternating magnetic fields of industrial frequencies. The key properties of such a material are AC magnetic properties, which are standardized when assessing the compliance of the material with the requirements of both Russian and foreign standards. The article presents information about the aspects of the development of reference materials for AC magnetic properties of electrical cold-rolled non-oriented steel made in the form of strips for the Epstein frame. The main feature of these reference materials is that the value of one of the two certified characteristics (specific power of magnetic losses) is transmitted directly from the State primary standard, and the other (magnetic induction amplitude) is determined in accordance with a certified measurement procedure. Their use will provide the possibility of a comprehensive and reliable determination of the magnetic characteristics of samples of non-oriented electrical steel normalized in accordance with the requirements of current standards.","PeriodicalId":486160,"journal":{"name":"Эталоны. Стандартные образцы","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement Techniques for the Composition of Air Environments: Development and Application","authors":"O. B. Ponomareva, Yu. V. Kanaeva, M. V. Gaiko","doi":"10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-99-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-4-99-113","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and reliable measurements of the composition of air environments (workplace air, ambient air, industrial air emissions) form a solid basis for decision making in the area of environmental quality. This article deals with the problem of developing and testing techniques for measuring air quality parameters. The disadvantages of the existing techniques are identified. A methodology for creating appropriate techniques is proposed. Procedures for developing reference materials (RMs) for internal and external quality control of measurement results are described, along with approaches to estimating the metrological characteristics of measurement techniques. The process of applying measurement techniques is specified. It is shown that techniques for measuring air quality parameters may be divided for two basic stages, i. e., the stage of analytical sampling and the stage of measuring the required indicators in this sample. This approach expands the possibilities of developing and certifying such techniques, thereby increasing the reliability of measurement results. Using the developed approach, the authors have successfully developed 12 techniques for measuring air quality parameters and four certified reference materials (CRMs). Works in this direction are continued.","PeriodicalId":486160,"journal":{"name":"Эталоны. Стандартные образцы","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135925444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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