История философии最新文献

Intertextual Approach in the Study of Works by P.A. Florensky 弗洛伦斯基作品研究中的互文方法

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-54-66

Marina V. Zhukova

引用次数: 0

Diachronic Analysis of the Philosophic Term “mōrālitās” 哲学术语“mōrālitās”的历时性分析

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-5-20

A. A. Sochilin

{"title":"Diachronic Analysis of the Philosophic Term “mōrālitās”","authors":"A. A. Sochilin","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-5-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-5-20","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the origin and semantic derivation of Latin philosophic term “mōrālitās” (“morality”), keeping in mind its generalizing and object-giving function in modern moral philosophy, which is obvious in its derivates in European languages. The semantic derivation of “mōrālitās” is being examined by means of comparative analysis of lexicographical data in three dictionary groups: that of the Late Latin (when the word “mōrālitās” first occurs), of the Medieval Latin (when it enters philosophical lexicon) and that of Early Modern Latin (when the term became widespread and got its modern meaning). To cover the lack of lexicographical information in the latter two groups of dictionaries the study uses Google Books full-text search, which statistically proves, that the term gained popularity only in the first half of 17th century and also gives important clues on the development of its meaning in late scholasticism. In conclusion, it is stated, that semantic derivation of the term in Late, Medieval and Early Modern Latin shares the same common guidelines, namely steady synonymic ties with emerging substantive forms of the adjective “mōrālis” (moral) and term phrases, formed with “mōrālis” and “mōs” (habit, custom). As a result of such a derivation “mōrālitās” came to be highly polysemic term, denoting the very quality of the free and conscious action, its moral worth and the rules to estimate the worth, and the philosophical discipline for doing that, and the subject of this discipline in the same time.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gerhard Oberhammer. Introduction to “Pakṣilasvāmin’s Introduction to his Nyāyabhāṣyam”. Preface, translation and commentaries 格哈德Oberhammer。“Pakṣilasvāmin的介绍他的介绍Nyāyabhāṣyam”。前言，翻译和评论

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-117-139

L. I. Titlin

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引用次数: 0

Benedetto Croce. A Question of Method in the History of Philosophy. Preface, translation and commentaries Benedetto Croce。哲学史上的方法问题。前言，翻译和评论

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-109-116

J. G. Rossius

{"title":"Benedetto Croce. A Question of Method in the History of Philosophy. Preface, translation and commentaries","authors":"J. G. Rossius","doi":"10.21146/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-109-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-109-116","url":null,"abstract":"This publication presents a translation into Russian of Benedetto Croce’s essay from one of his later books “Philosophy and Historiography”. Here he raises the question of how the historian of philosophy should interpret those moments when the reasoning of a philosopher who is being studied is accidentally or deliberately not cleared up by him, or its development stops at a certain point. Considering the possible reasons for this, Croce touches on several themes to which his earlier writings were devoted and to which he returned throughout his scholarly life. Thus, he draws attention to the contradiction in the theory of knowledge of G. Vico, which consists in the application of the principle of verum-factum not only to history, but also to the mathematical sciences: on the one hand, only God can achieve truth in knowledge of nature, since he created nature, and on the other hand, truth in mathematics is available to man, since he “creates” mathematical elements and operations, and with them the method of natural science. Croce also points as an example to one of the contradictions in Hegel’s philosophy of nature, which consists in the confusion of empirical and speculative methods. It led to the endowment of the natural sciences with the status of “semi-philosophy”, to the untrue application of dialectics to the facts and concepts of the natural sciences. Convinced that the verum-factum formula can be combined with the teaching of absolute spiritualism, Croce warns against attributing such a connection to Vico himself, as this would mean incorporating later experience and a state of knowledge into his theory.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alexandre Maurer. Charles Secretan: the Evolution of His Thought. Preface, translation and commentaries 亚历山大·毛雷尔。查尔斯·斯克里坦:他思想的演变。前言，翻译和评论

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-90-103

Victor P. Vizgin

{"title":"Alexandre Maurer. Charles Secretan: the Evolution of His Thought. Preface, translation and commentaries","authors":"Victor P. Vizgin","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-90-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-90-103","url":null,"abstract":"The article by the Swiss author, published in translation, vividly and expressively reveals the nature of the personality and work of Charles Secretan (1815–1895), an outstanding philosopher of Switzerland of the 19th century, in the historical context in which they developed. The author of the article convincingly shows the difficulty of unambiguous historical and philosophical characteristics of Secretan’s philosophy, which is based on the religious-metaphysical doctrine of freedom and moral obligation. Maurer approaches the coverage of Secretan’s philosophy, trying to understand it not only as a result of certain philosophical and religious influences, but also as a reflection of “his time and his country”. The author of the article presents the evolution of Secretan's work as a departure from the speculative-deductive method of German idealists-systematists, characteristic of its first period, which is manifested in the Swiss philosopher’s appeal to the actual moral and socio-political problems of his time. Maurer’s article can be useful not only to specialists in the history of philosophy, but also to a wider circle of readers interested in the thought of the 19th century, without knowledge of which it is impossible to understand modern Western philosophy.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dostoevsky and Wittgenstein: “From the Logic toward the World” 陀思妥耶夫斯基与维特根斯坦:“从逻辑走向世界”

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-41-53

Svetlana M. Klimova

{"title":"Dostoevsky and Wittgenstein: “From the Logic toward the World”","authors":"Svetlana M. Klimova","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-41-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-41-53","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the consideration of some Wittgenstein’s ideas in relation to similar ideas of Dostoevsky. The comparison is given on a number of key topics for both: the world as the whole as it is and what it is; the image of the world and the meaning of life; the world of the happy and the unhappy. Despite the fundamental difference between the thinkers, the comparison makes it possible to discover an affinity with Dostoyevsky’s worldview of values in Wittgenstein. The analysis of his “Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus”, the philosopher’s “Diaries” and “Lecture on Ethics” in comparison with the analysis of the Russian writer’s fiction texts, helps us to discover those religious and spiritual foundations that both hide and expose to the thoughtful reader beyond the “border and logic of the world”, about which one suggests silence, while the other hides and demonstrates only through the opposite form of false Christianity. The comparison allows us to see that, for Wittgenstein, making sense of the world as the meaning of life is not as silent as he himself claims. At the same time, it was the philosopher’s language of description that allowed us to discover Dostoevsky’s theodicy within the rational world, visibly crucifying Christ but tacitly living it.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Russian Intelligentsia to the Face of Philosophical Truth: Historical and Moral Choice 面对哲学真理的俄国知识分子:历史与道德的选择

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-29-40

Olga A. Zhukova

{"title":"Russian Intelligentsia to the Face of Philosophical Truth: Historical and Moral Choice","authors":"Olga A. Zhukova","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-29-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-29-40","url":null,"abstract":"Intellectual experiences of Russian philosophers of the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries devoted to Russia demonstrate the intensive work of national self – knowledge. The concentration of thinkers on a certain range of topics, such as freedom and revolution, the state and society, culture and politics, religion and ideology, indicates a high density and polemical intensity of discussion. The thematic focus of Russian thought on national and cultural issues creates an end-to-end narrative with an open structure, where texts are dialogically intertwined with each other. These statements often indicate a value and ideological conflict between various actors in the social history of Russia. This historiosophical narrative can be interpreted as a meta-text of Russian social and religious-philosophical thought, which in many senses is the practice of self-description of the national intelligentsia. It testifies to her spiritual and ideological quest, the struggle for a social ideal – about the moral choice of thinking Russian people, which encourages criticism of the historical experience of Russia. The main problem of this pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary discourse is the question of the moral and political responsibility of the educated class for the historical choice of Russia and its fate. The most important from a historical and philosophical point of view texts are the works of Russian Silver Age thinkers. Their arguments about Russia include both a reaction to the events of the three Russian revolutions and the Great War, which traumatized the consciousness of the intelligentsia, and a painful post-traumatic reception of their own intellectual tradition and the moral deformation of ideals that took place in it. Those ideals based on the idea of freedom and philosophical honesty in achieving the truth.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Idea of the Integrity of Human Nature in the Works of Cyril of Turov in the Context of the Byzantine Patristic Tradition 拜占庭教父传统背景下图罗夫西里尔作品中的人性完整观

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-21-35

A. A. Volkova

{"title":"The Idea of the Integrity of Human Nature in the Works of Cyril of Turov in the Context of the Byzantine Patristic Tradition","authors":"A. A. Volkova","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-21-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-21-35","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the anthropological views of Cyril of Turov on the relationship of spiritual and bodily principles in human nature. In connection with this goal, a review of general anthropological ideas about human nature, presented in Eastern Christian patristic thought, is undertaken in order to identify possible continuity in the works of the ancient Russian author. The tradition of anthropological dualism characteristic of Byzantine patristic thought is shown. A detailed reflection of the relationship between the spiritual and the carnal in human nature is considered on the material of such early works by Cyril of Turov as “A word about the monasticism”, “The Legend of the Chernorizsky rank”, and later – “The Parable of the Soul and Body”, “The Word about the Relaxed”. As a result of the research, the author of the article concludes that, firstly, physicality in the anthropology of the ancient Russian author acts as a necessary outer shell for the soul, a form that is not sinful in isolation from spiritual movements, but acts as a receptacle of vice in connection with the free will of a person who has decided to live his life in satisfying earthly temptations and animals needs. Secondly, sin is an exclusively spiritual burden and spiritual responsibility. And, finally, thirdly, according to Cyril of Turov, soul and body are not opposed within a human being, but act as necessary, equally significant parts of the indivisible, undifferentiated integrity of the perfect creation of the Lord – man.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of the book by V.V. Starovoitov “Psychoanalysis in Portraits” v·v·斯塔洛沃伊托夫《肖像中的精神分析》书评

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-136-139

Pyotr I. Bystrov

{"title":"Review of the book by V.V. Starovoitov “Psychoanalysis in Portraits”","authors":"Pyotr I. Bystrov","doi":"10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-136-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-1-136-139","url":null,"abstract":"The review highlights two main parts of the book: information about scientists who created psychoanalysis, developed and applied it, and Appendices. The first of them is devoted to classical psychoanalysis, starting with S. Freud. Here the author introduces the reader to British and Hungarian psychoanalysis, including in their modern version. It is noted that the changes that have occurred in the theoretical field of psychoanalysis have led to radical changes in therapeutic practice. The boundaries of psychoanalysis are fluid. They are constantly expanding, and in our time psychoanalysis can be interpreted as a system of theories of human behavior, as a way to treat mental illness, etc. Appendices consisting mainly of scientific articles of philosophers and psychoanalysts translated by V.V. Starovoitov from English. They can be considered an interesting book in their own right. Particularly attractive to the reader are the articles of R. Fairburne and D. Winnicott, as well as an extensive article by Dr. Elizabeth Spillius. Overall, the whole book is informative and useful, it can not only benefit the novice psychoanalyst of a philosophical orientation, but also arouse interest in psychoanalysis in a person who previously considered the theory and practice of psychoanalysis to be theoretical fun.","PeriodicalId":485432,"journal":{"name":"История философии","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Philosophy of Historical Alternatives: “Uchronie” by Charles Renouvier 历史选择的哲学:查尔斯·雷诺维耶的《统一》

История философии Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21146/10.21146/2074-5869-2023-28-2-36-46

A. A. Krotov

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引用次数: 0