{"title":"The Role of Architecture in Overcoming Barriers: From Ronald Rael’s Teeter Totter over the US-Mexico Border to Lawrence Halprin’s Freeway Park Designed over the Seattle Freeway","authors":"Vittoria Umani","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, more border walls have appeared in Europe than those present during the Cold War. What is fundamentally wrong about these walls is how a simple line drawn on a map, able to change the perception of a territory and of its identity, does not follow any design principle. In places characterized by security infrastructure, such as borderwalls, the role of architecture is minimal and struggles to go beyond a surface level. The only possible contributions remain in terms of provocations as seen by the designs of architect Ronald Rael. The border walls are not the only contemporary built “walls” that form barriers with negative social implications. Expanding on the theme of infrastructure, differently from the previously mentioned type, connecting infrastructure, such as highways, freeways, parkways, is designed to unite two sides, two places. If this is true in one direction, in the other direction it is quite the opposite: two sides that used to be neighboring are now separated by a physical barrier, not just a line in the sand. Lawrence Halprin’s Freeway Park designed as a bridge over the Seattle Interstate, wishes to reconnect the neighborhood that had been divided by the construction of the motorway. This paper wishes to analyze the role that architecture projects by the two architects, Rael and Halprin played in stitching back together parts of cities, communities, even countries through stratified complexity and also a new definition of interaction.","PeriodicalId":484777,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fragments of the Iron Curtain – The Polveriera of Romans d’Isonzo: A Methodological Experiment between Architecture and Landscape","authors":"Thomas Bisiani, Adriano Venudo","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"The article accounts the results of an applicative research carried out by researchers from the University of Trieste for the recovery, conversion and, architectural, landscape, environmental and infrastructural reuse of a large military area, abandoned for over twenty years, located in the territory of Gorizia, in Friuli Venezia Giulia. The area was a former powder magazine dating back to the Cold War period. A garrison at the service of the former border called “Iron Curtain” that passed right near the Municipality of Romans d’Isonzo, on the Gorizia and Trieste Carso. The area was abandoned for decades and has been invaded by lush vegetation and meadows of important ecological value. Today, in addition to its considerable localization and extension potential, it has a significant strategic value for the vast area on which it stands: the low Isonzo plain. The study experimented with a methodology for the construction of the transformation forecast, working extensively on the use and applicability of simulation tools (indicators, scenarios, visions) and then on the processes of evaluating the impacts and consequences of the transformations at different scales and for different territorial areas (internal and external). The study adds to the discussion, not only the intrinsic results, the effectiveness or not of the reconversion project of this discussed military area, but also the development of a working scientific method (analysis, design and evaluation), and therefore, the construction of an operational model that can be exported to other case studies (on other military sites in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region","PeriodicalId":484777,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Informality - Programmed Spontaneity in Spatial Design","authors":"Paulo Guerreiro","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"In the history of European-based classical architecture, the concept of formalism has often been understood as a deviation from canonical form. Until the cultural changes introduced by the Romantic movement in the nineteenth century, the repetition of established formal rules was prevalent in architectural theory and practice. However, the last two hundred years have shown an increasing fascination with the possibility of incorporating the features of “architecture without architects” in the discourse and practice of conventional design, progressively codifying them into theoretical and formal canons. On an urban and territorial scale, the formal characteristics of the so-called informal settlements are currently being systematised and subsequently replicated in design practice. This is exacerbated by market economy and by the broad subject of taste. The aesthetic of spontaneity and the induction of informality have become established architectural concepts, criteria and goals. The differences between the needs of rapidly expanding built territories (in rich or in poor contexts) and those which face mainly punctual adaptations have become clearer, as they often require conflicting approaches. Therefore, the degree of informality enabled in the design process and desired as a design purpose is a key conceptual and practical factor in contemporary spatial planning.","PeriodicalId":484777,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban Dystopia on Screen: The City, Architecture and Power in the Contemporary Science Fiction Film","authors":"Marko Kiessel, Jonathan Stubbs","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the urban, architectural and spatial mise-en-scène of major western 21st-century science fiction film dystopias portraying urban societies under totalitarian rule. While extensive scholarship exists on architecture, the city and power and similarly on architecture, the city and film, the triad of architecture/city, film and power remains under-researched. This paper therefore concentrates on how power is mediated through built form on screen. It also investigates whether recurring visualizations and meaning(s) of built form concerning power can be observed. Considering key works about the built environment and its relation to power, this study also uses a semiological approach in order to assess the symbolic-metaphorical use of urban, architectural and spatial form. We assume that producers, directors, set-designers, screenwriters on one side and the film audience on the other ‘speak a similar language’ and share cultural codes and symbols. The frequent recurrence of specific urban, architectural and spatial visualizations in science fiction films which mediate specific meanings of power may be proof of a widespread, conscious or subconscious reading of these visualizations and understanding of their meaning(s) with regards to power – meanings which may therefore be deeply rooted in the culture of western societies.","PeriodicalId":484777,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135387078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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