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Annual Review of Anthropology最新文献

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Peirce and Archaeology: Recent Approaches 皮尔斯与考古学:最近的研究方法
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110112
Joanne P. Baron
{"title":"Peirce and Archaeology: Recent Approaches","authors":"Joanne P. Baron","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110112","url":null,"abstract":"The philosophy of Charles S. Peirce, and in particular his theory of signs (semiotic), has seen increasing interest within archaeological theory over the past 20 years. This article reviews Peirce's most influential ideas within archaeology, directs readers to where in Peirce's voluminous works they can find these ideas, and discusses how each of them has been applied by archaeologists to a variety of different research topics. In addition to the semiotic, these ideas include Peirce's metaphysical doctrine of synechism; his methodological pragmatism; abductive logic; and the phenomenological concepts of firstness, secondness, and thirdness. Finally, I discuss two research areas—materiality and paleolithic archaeology—in which a combination of Peirce's ideas has led to important new insights.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48640787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Feminism in the House of Anthropology 人类学中的女权主义
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110218
Lilith Mahmud
{"title":"Feminism in the House of Anthropology","authors":"Lilith Mahmud","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110218","url":null,"abstract":"Although early feminist insights about reflexivity and fieldwork relations have become core tenets of anthropological theories, feminism itself has been marginalized in anthropology. This review examines feminist contributions to American cultural anthropology since the 1990s across four areas of scholarship: the anthropology of science and medicine, political anthropology, economic anthropology, and ethnography as writing and genre. Treating feminist anthropology as a traveling theory capable of addressing critical social problems beyond gender, this article aims not merely to recredit feminism in anthropology, but also to show its potential to transform anthropology into an antiracist, decolonial, and abolitionist project.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45334016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Archaeoprimatology: The Longue Durée Interface Between Humans and Nonhuman Primates 古灵长类学:人类和非人类灵长类之间的朗格·杜尔杰界面
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110130
B. Urbani
{"title":"Archaeoprimatology: The Longue Durée Interface Between Humans and Nonhuman Primates","authors":"B. Urbani","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110130","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeoprimatology explores how humans and nonhuman primates coexisted in the past. This discipline has profound roots in texts of early scholars. Archaeoprimatological research examines the liminality between humans, apes, monkeys, and prosimians deep in time before the rise of the Anthropocene. By exploring the beginning of the relationship between modern Homo sapiens and primates, which possibly dates to approximately 100,000 BCE, I survey the evidence, ranging from portable objects and 2D surfaces with primatomorphic depictions to primate remains at archaeological sites worldwide. For example, an overview of ancient frescoes and mosaics with primate representations reveals that the vast majority of them were rendered in locations where primates were not part of the local fauna. An extensive review of primates in the zooarchaeological record shows as a global pattern that traded primates were usually young individuals and frugivorous/omnivorous species. Local primates yielded at sites of regions they naturally inhabited were mostly hunted. Thus, examining past patterns of the human–nonhuman primate interface provides insight into major questions about human niche construction and primate conservation today.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42227891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Slippage: An Anthropology of Shamanism 滑页:萨满教人类学
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110350
Bruce Grant
{"title":"Slippage: An Anthropology of Shamanism","authors":"Bruce Grant","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110350","url":null,"abstract":"If our knowledge of shamanism has been so abidingly partial, so impressively uneven, so deeply varied by history, and so enduringly skeptical for so long, how has its study come to occupy such pride of place in the anthropological canon? One answer comes in a history of social relations where shamans both are cast as translators of the unseen and are themselves sites of anxiety in a very real world, one of encounters across lines of gender, class, and colonial incursions often defined by race. This article contends that as anthropologists have cultivated a long and growing library of shamanic practice, many appear to have found, in a globally diverse range of spirit practitioners, translators across social worlds who are not unlike themselves, suggesting that in the shaman we find a remarkable history of anthropology.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48166651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Language and the Military: Necropolitical Legitimation, Embodied Semiotics, and Ineffable Suffering 语言与军事：死亡的政治合法性、符号学的具体化和无尽的痛苦
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110258
J. McIntosh
{"title":"Language and the Military: Necropolitical Legitimation, Embodied Semiotics, and Ineffable Suffering","authors":"J. McIntosh","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110258","url":null,"abstract":"This article augments and complicates Nelson's claim that “we talk our way into war and talk our way out of it” ( Dedaić & Nelson 2003 , p. 459). Military endeavors require verbal legitimation, but militarizing participants and wide swaths of the civilian population requires more than just a stated rationale. It requires the complex construction of acquiescent selves and societies through linguistic maneuvers that present themselves with both brute force and subtlety to enable war's necropolitical calculus of who should live and who can, or must, die ( MacLeish 2013 , Mbembe 2003 ). War also involves vexed, stunted, and deadly forms of communication with perceived enemies or civilian populations. And those who are victims of military deeds, including civilians and sometimes service members themselves, are often left with psychic wounds that they cannot talk their way out of, for such wounds resist semantic expression and may emerge through more complex semiotic forms.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49438695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Music, Language, Aurality: Latin American and Caribbean Resoundings 音乐、语言、听觉：拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的决心
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071347
Amanda Minks, A. M. Ochoa Gautier
{"title":"Music, Language, Aurality: Latin American and Caribbean Resoundings","authors":"Amanda Minks, A. M. Ochoa Gautier","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071347","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work in anthropology has attended to the imbrication of music, sound, listening, and language in research on, and from, Latin America and the Caribbean, as part of a broader movement across regions. In this article, we argue that these relations have their own intellectual genealogies in Latin America and the Caribbean, which have often been neglected in studies written about the region. We focus on recent theorization of aurality—the immediate and mediated practices of listening that construct perceptions of nature, bodies, voices, and technologies. We provide an overview of regional discourses on the interrelations of voice, orality, and writing, and then we discuss the aural turn in four areas: race; migration; socialization and youth cultures; and epistemologies of history, memory, and heritage. We put different bodies of discourse into dialogue as a means of charting a path toward decolonial (inter)disciplinary transformations that are built on other histories, vocalities, and modes of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pidgins and Creoles: Debates and Issues 洋泾浜与克里奥尔：争论与问题
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071304
C. Jourdan
{"title":"Pidgins and Creoles: Debates and Issues","authors":"C. Jourdan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-121319-071304","url":null,"abstract":"This article identifies and presents the main debates and issues that are generating interest in the field of creole studies. It is composed of two main sections. The first one presents the debates currently stimulating creolistics: the nature of pidgins and creoles and the relation between the two, the sociological and typological distinction between pidgins and creoles, the various theories explaining their origin, and their transformation through time. The second part raises issues linked to the social life of these languages, an area of research that, though present since the beginning of creolistics, has remained limited. Using the framework of linguistic ideology, this review surveys the social status of pidgins and creoles, the prejudices that exclude them from being used at schools, and their lack of linguistic legitimacy. It concludes with a discussion of pidgins and creoles on social media.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42660639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Food Insecurity, Nutritional Inequality, and Maternal–Child Health: A Role for Biocultural Scholarship in Filling Knowledge Gaps 粮食不安全、营养不平等和妇幼健康：生物文化奖学金在填补知识空白中的作用
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110317
B. Piperata, D. Dufour
{"title":"Food Insecurity, Nutritional Inequality, and Maternal–Child Health: A Role for Biocultural Scholarship in Filling Knowledge Gaps","authors":"B. Piperata, D. Dufour","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110317","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity, a significant contributor to nutritional inequality, disproportionately affects women and children in low- and middle-income countries. The magnitude of the problem has inspired research on its impacts on health, especially on nutritional status and, more recently, mental well-being. Current research is dominated by surveillance-type studies that emphasize access, one of food security's four dimensions. Findings are inconclusive regarding the association between food insecurity and women and children's nutritional status, but some evidence indicates that it is a key contributor to mental distress in women. To understand these inconsistent findings, we emphasize the need for research on the strategies that people use to cope with inadequate access to food. We contend that biocultural approaches that recognize the importance of local contexts and the role of broader political-economic factors in shaping them are well suited for addressing current knowledge gaps.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48088243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Syndemics: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach to Complex Epidemic Events Like COVID-19 Syndemics：应对新冠肺炎等复杂流行病事件的跨学科方法
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-100919-121009
M. Singer, N. Bulled, B. Ostrach, Shir Lerman Ginzburg
{"title":"Syndemics: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach to Complex Epidemic Events Like COVID-19","authors":"M. Singer, N. Bulled, B. Ostrach, Shir Lerman Ginzburg","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-100919-121009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-100919-121009","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we trace the origins and dissemination of syndemics, a concept developed within critical medical anthropology that rapidly diffused to other fields. The goal is to provide a review of the literature, with a focus on key debates. After a brief discussion of the nature and significance of syndemic theory and its applications, we trace the history and development of the syndemic framework within anthropology and the contributions of anthropologists who use it. We also look beyond anthropology to the adoption and use of syndemics in other health-related disciplines, including biomedicine, nursing, public health, and psychology, and discuss controversies in syndemics, particularly the perception that existing syndemics research focuses on methodologies at the individual level rather than at the population level and fails to provide evidence of synergistic interactions. Finally, we discuss emerging syndemics research on COVID-19 and provide an overview of the application of syndemics research.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47220377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
The Earliest South African Hominids 最早的南非原始人
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-091619-124837
R. Clarke, T. Pickering, Jason L. Heaton, K. Kuman
{"title":"The Earliest South African Hominids","authors":"R. Clarke, T. Pickering, Jason L. Heaton, K. Kuman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-091619-124837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-091619-124837","url":null,"abstract":"The earliest South African hominids (humans and their ancestral kin) belong to the genera Australopithecus, Paranthropus, and Homo, with the oldest being a ca. 3.67 million-year-old nearly complete skeleton of Australopithecus (StW 573) from Sterkfontein Caves. This skeleton has provided, for the first time in almost a century of research, the full anatomy of an Australopithecus individual with indisputably associated skull and postcranial bones that give complete limb lengths. The three genera are also found in East Africa, but scholars have disagreed on the taxonomic assignment for some fossils owing to historical preconceptions. Here we focus on the South African representatives to help clarify these debates. The uncovering of the StW 573 skeleton in situ revealed significant clues concerning events that had affected it over time and demonstrated that the associated stalagmite flowstones cannot provide direct dating of the fossil, as they are infillings of voids caused by postdepositional collapse.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44838223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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