International Affairs最新文献_第5页

Achieving European Union strategic autonomy: circularity in critical raw materials value chains 实现欧盟战略自主：关键原材料价值链的循环性

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae127

Małgorzata Jakimów, Vsevolod Samokhalov, Brian Baldassarre

{"title":"Achieving European Union strategic autonomy: circularity in critical raw materials value chains","authors":"Małgorzata Jakimów, Vsevolod Samokhalov, Brian Baldassarre","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae127","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Why is it important to understand the potential of circular economy for security? With the green transition in full swing and vulnerabilities in value chains as a consequence of the COVID–19 pandemic and Russian aggression towards Ukraine, this question has never been more timely. Titanium metal constitutes a poignant case, as it is a critical raw material essential for the strategic civil aerospace and defence sectors. In addition, circular economy solutions constitute a viable solution to mitigate import dependencies in the case of this particular raw material. The European Union, with one of the largest aviation industries globally, is dependent on titanium imports from Russia and the United States. The latter, in turn, (re)imports titanium scrap from EU aviation manufacturing to increase material efficiency and reduce costs through recycling. Based on extensive stakeholder interviews across several countries and quantitative trade data, this article presents a first-time analysis of how, in the case of the titanium value chain, circular economy solutions can support the EU Open Strategic Autonomy (OSA) objectives, as enshrined in the 2023 Critical Raw Materials Act. We suggest that in order for the EU to achieve both the OSA and decarbonization objectives, it is essential to prioritize the establishment of recycling facilities as part of reshoring of the mid-value titanium industry. With the prospect of Ukraine becoming an EU member state, this strategy could be complemented by investments into the decarbonization of the upstream value chain in Ukraine while meshing it further with the EU industrial base. We argue that such reshoring could be best achieved through careful intergovernmental and industrial negotiations between the US and EU stakeholders within the formerly established channels for aviation dispute resolutions and within the framework of Ukraine's postwar reconstruction and potential EU accession.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Militarization and popular culture in the shadow of war: the 2022 Eurovision Song Contest 战争阴影下的军事化和大众文化：2022 年欧洲电视歌唱大赛

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae133

Inbar Noy, Meital Viner-Serdtse, Galia Press-Barnathan

{"title":"Militarization and popular culture in the shadow of war: the 2022 Eurovision Song Contest","authors":"Inbar Noy, Meital Viner-Serdtse, Galia Press-Barnathan","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 What is the political role of cultural mega-events in the context of ongoing war? The article examines the interaction between cultural mega-events and militarization processes in the shadow of war. It addresses two main gaps: the lack of attention to the politics of such events during war, and the specific understanding of militarization usually adopted by popular culture scholars. It examines the development of material and symbolic forms of militarization, and addresses the impact of the commercial logic behind mega-events on the intensification and normalization of militarized practices. Empirically, the article focuses on the different militarization processes that developed in and through the 2022 Eurovision Song Contest, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It examines how these play out in Ukraine (through the militarization of the band Kalush Orchestra and the militarization of the Ukrainian song ‘Stefania’), within the Eurovision contest itself and across Europe (through its participation in the competition). In doing so it also contributes to the broader debate about the changing security identity of Europe, and the development of a new militarized liberal European identity. Using data from social media, the article also highlights the role of such platforms in militarization processes.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ukraine and the opportunity costs of military aid 乌克兰和军事援助的机会成本

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae122

Luke Glanville, James Pattison

{"title":"Ukraine and the opportunity costs of military aid","authors":"Luke Glanville, James Pattison","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae122","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Western states have provided billions of dollars of military aid to Ukraine to help it in its war against Russia. Yet, despite numerous discussions of the ethical issues raised by the war, there has been little discussion of the opportunity costs of this military assistance. Is it right that the West has prioritized military assistance to Ukraine, when the conflict in Ukraine is just one of numerous challenges facing the world, from forced displacement to global poverty, preventable disease to climate change? This article offers the first detailed engagement with this issue, taking seriously the nonideal feasibility constraints that states face. It firsts set out the prima facie case against assisting Ukraine militarily due to the opportunity costs. It then explores—and largely rejects—two responses: that military assistance is required to protect Ukrainian self-determination and that it is needed to stop the march of authoritarianism. It argues that the opportunity costs objection has serious force and counts against much of the provision of military assistance to Ukraine (although not all). This argument has broader implications for the extent to which states should prioritize military aid over other means of addressing global challenges.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The low-carbon contradiction: energy transition, geopolitics, and the infrastructural state in Cuba 低碳矛盾：古巴的能源转型、地缘政治和基础设施国家

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae099

Chengkai Xie

引用次数: 0

Blue helmet bureaucrats: United Nations peacekeeping and the reinvention of colonialism, 1945–1971 蓝盔官僚：联合国维持和平与殖民主义的重塑，1945-1971 年

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae117

Hamish McDougall

引用次数: 0

Circle of stars: a history of the EU—and the people who made it 星际之圈：欧盟的历史--以及创造欧盟的人们

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae115

Fraser Cameron

引用次数: 0

Epidemic Orientalism: race, capital, and the governance of infectious disease 流行病东方主义：种族、资本与传染病治理

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae113

Sara E Davies

引用次数: 0

A materialist reconsideration of international peace practice and its human and non-human constituents 对国际和平实践及其人类和非人类组成部分的唯物主义再思考

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae081

Maximilian Lakitsch

{"title":"A materialist reconsideration of international peace practice and its human and non-human constituents","authors":"Maximilian Lakitsch","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae081","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The international community's sobering track record of sustainably reducing the number of armed conflicts worldwide, as well as the increasing involvement of non-human complexities in times of climate crisis suggest that current approaches to foster peace are too narrow and inflexible. So far, demands and calls for more flexible and adaptive peace practice made by policy-makers and researchers have not led to a related paradigm shift. In order to contribute to such a change of practice, this article advances a speculative analytical attempt that seeks to conceptually uncover new modes of engaging with the world for the purpose of peace. It builds on Baruch Spinoza's materialism and describes peace as intimately interrelated with the issue of political community. Following Spinoza, the article reconsiders the imaginary of political community as something that is constantly being rearticulated by a contingent complexity of human and non-human actors, and thus transcends the geographic scope of its formal borders as well as its epistemic scope across power hierarchies. Finally, the article introduces the human-non-human multitude as political subject that is able to detect and interpret the constituents of a political community, and therefore to maintain and sustain peace.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change and peacebuilding: sub-themes of an emerging research agenda 气候变化与建设和平：新研究议程的次主题

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae057

Florian Krampe, Dylan O’Driscoll, McKenzie Johnson, Dahlia Simangan, Farah Hegazi, Cedric de Coning

{"title":"Climate change and peacebuilding: sub-themes of an emerging research agenda","authors":"Florian Krampe, Dylan O’Driscoll, McKenzie Johnson, Dahlia Simangan, Farah Hegazi, Cedric de Coning","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae057","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Climate change is having profound effects on global security and peacebuilding efforts. While existing research has mainly focused on the link between climate change and conflict, it has largely overlooked the complex interplay between climate change, conflict-affected states and peacebuilding. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities in conflict-affected societies by adding stress to livelihoods and negatively impacting food, water and energy security. This is particularly concerning as climate change is often felt most acutely in settings where public institutions are already failing to meet the population's needs. Consequently, climate change can contribute to exacerbating grievances and hinder the ability to maintain, reinforce and build peace. Although practitioners in the peacebuilding field are beginning to respond to the effects of climate change, academic research has not adequately addressed the question of how climate change affects peacebuilding and how peacebuilding strategies can respond effectively. To fill this gap, a multidisciplinary approach drawing from climate security, environmental peacebuilding, environmental studies, and peace and conflict studies is needed in order to develop a research agenda that encompasses the intersections of climate change and peacebuilding. By recognizing the importance of climate change in peacebuilding efforts, this research agenda aims to provide critical insights and guide future studies.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

US–UK–France relations amid the Russia–Ukraine war: a new strategic alignment? 俄乌战争中的美英法关系：新的战略调整？

IF 4.5 1区社会学

International Affairs Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1093/ia/iiae075

Wyn Rees, Ruike Xu

{"title":"US–UK–France relations amid the Russia–Ukraine war: a new strategic alignment?","authors":"Wyn Rees, Ruike Xu","doi":"10.1093/ia/iiae075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae075","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Russian invasion of Ukraine and the recognition of the rising challenge from China have resulted in a closer alignment of American, British and French strategic interests. This policy paper explores how the strategic relationship between the United States, the United Kingdom and France has evolved amid this changed threat environment. The Russia–Ukraine war exposed the limitations of France's policy of ‘strategic autonomy’ and reasserted the importance of an American role in European security. The war has re-focused attention upon the Lancaster House framework in which the UK and France have the potential to enhance their contribution to European defence. The UK still regards its ‘special relationship’ with the US as being of critical importance to its foreign policy. But the UK's diminishing military power makes it a less valuable ally to the US whose attention is increasingly upon the Indo-Pacific region. The paper argues that the alignment between the three countries has been closer over the Russian war in Ukraine compared to attitudes towards China, where tensions between France and the ‘Anglo-Saxons’ persist. France has been unwilling to adopt the American approach towards China and has stuck to its vision of a multipolar world. The AUKUS deal arranged between the US, UK and Australia had the effect of alienating France. The policy paper contends that the temporary alignment between US, UK and French interests will erode as long-standing conflicts of interest re-emerge. In particular, the unpredictability of US leadership will damage the trilateral relationship if Donald Trump regains the presidency in November 2024.","PeriodicalId":48162,"journal":{"name":"International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0