International Journal of Surgery Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Embolic complications of cardiac myxomas: A case report of acute ischemia in a young woman","authors":"Jakub Jaczyński ,&nbsp;Piotr Kukla ,&nbsp;Wojciech Lichota","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>Primary cardiac tumors are rare with myxomas representing about 50 % of benign types, typically arising sporadically in adults aged 30-60 and predominantly in the left atrium. Symptoms result from obstruction, embolization or arrhythmias. Embolic complications, particularly in young patients without cardiovascular risk factors, should raise suspicion of an intracardiac tumor. Prompt recognition and management are critical to prevent serious outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 24-year-old woman presented with sudden bilateral lower limb paralysis and ischemic pain. Clinical evaluation revealed absent pulses and sensory-motor deficits in both legs. CTA demonstrated thrombotic occlusion at the aortic bifurcation and major arteries of both lower limbs, as well as signs of renal and splenic ischemia. Emergency embolectomy was performed using a Fogarty catheter and histopathology of embolic material revealed a cardiac myxoma. On postoperative day 0, reperfusion syndrome developed in the right leg necessitating fasciotomy. Echocardiography identified a left atrial mass which was surgically excised. The patient recovered with residual right peroneal nerve palsy and was referred for rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>In young patients with embolic events and no prior cardiac disease, intracardiac tumors must be considered. Echocardiography is the diagnostic modality of choice, supported by CT/MRI when needed. Surgical resection is curative, but complications such as reperfusion syndrome can arise. Long-term follow-up with annual echocardiography is recommended due to recurrence risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case illustrates the importance of early diagnosis, multidisciplinary intervention and coordinated care in achieving favorable outcomes in patients with cardiac myxoma presenting with acute embolic events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary flap coverage with internal fixation in severe open leg fractures: A case series on Gustilo grade III injuries","authors":"Samir Ben Salah ,&nbsp;Aymen Benabdellah ,&nbsp;Najib Abdeljaouad ,&nbsp;Hicham Yacoubi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study presents our experience in managing 10 cases of open tibial fractures (Gustilo type IIIa or IIIb) through a single-stage surgical approach combining internal fixation and soft tissue coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective study including all patients with Gustilo type III open tibial fractures. Each case underwent comprehensive clinical and radiological assessment, including standard radiography and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Surgical management consisted of internal osteosynthesis with immediate soft tissue reconstruction using either pedicled fasciocutaneous or muscle flaps in a single operative session.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The predominant etiology was road traffic accidents, with motorcyclists accounting for 80 % of cases. The mean patient age ranged from 18 to 45 years, and all patients were admitted within 6 h post-injury. Surgical intervention included aggressive wound debridement, vascular and nerve repair, definitive intramedullary nailing, and immediate flap coverage. Radiological bone union was achieved at a mean of 5 months postoperatively.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The single-stage approach for open tibial fractures with concomitant soft tissue reconstruction demonstrated significant clinical and economic advantages. By eliminating the need for secondary procedures, this method reduced overall treatment duration, accelerated functional recovery, and minimized healthcare costs. The integration of fracture stabilization and soft tissue coverage in a single surgical session optimizes resource utilization while improving patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that single-stage surgical management of Gustilo type III open tibial fractures combining definitive fixation with immediate flap coverage is both clinically effective and cost-efficient. This approach enhances recovery times, reduces financial burdens, and represents a viable strategy for complex open fracture management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbilical reconstruction for endometriosis: A case report","authors":"Amine Sebai,&nbsp;Aida Zaiem,&nbsp;Souhaib Atri,&nbsp;Ahmed Ben Mahmoud,&nbsp;Aida Khadhar,&nbsp;Montassar Kacem","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Umbilical endometriosis is a rare form of cutaneous endometriosis characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the umbilical skin. This condition may arise spontaneously or secondary to surgical procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 30-year-old nulliparous woman presented with a three-month history of a painful, hyperpigmented umbilical nodule that worsened during menstruation, following laparoscopic resection of a urachal cyst one year earlier. Physical examination revealed a 2 cm firm nodule, and imaging confirmed a subcutaneous umbilical mass without evidence of pelvic endometriosis. Given the cyclical nature of symptoms, umbilical endometriosis was suspected, and surgical excision with a 1 cm margin was performed, followed by immediate umbilical reconstruction using a modified purse-string technique. Histopathological analysis confirmed endometriosis with no signs of malignancy, and the patient was started on GnRH agonist therapy postoperatively. At 3- and 12-month follow-ups, the patient had no recurrence, and the reconstructed umbilicus maintained a satisfactory aesthetic result.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>Umbilical endometriosis is a rare form of cutaneous endometriosis, typically presenting as a painful, hyperpigmented umbilical nodule with cyclical symptoms tied to menstruation. Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, imaging, and is confirmed by histopathology. Surgical excision remains the definitive treatment, often followed by immediate umbilical reconstruction using techniques such as the purse-string method for optimal aesthetic outcomes. Adjunctive hormonal therapy may help manage residual symptoms and reduce recurrence risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case highlights the importance of including umbilical endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of umbilical masses and demonstrates effective management through surgical excision and reconstruction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of Saksenaea vasiformis mucormycosis infection of a lower segment caesarean section wound","authors":"Steven Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hao Han Tan ,&nbsp;Damian Fry","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Mucormycosis is a rare and difficult condition to diagnose, often requiring histological confirmation. Only two previous case reports of mucormycosis infections following caesarean section have been published to date.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 24-year-old female from Australia presented with fevers, pain and discharge from her wound site seven days following a lower segment caesarean section. The patient failed to improve with broad-spectrum antibiotics and required radical surgical debridement. Tissue samples from the first debridement operation found necrotic fibroadipose tissue with fungal hyphae histologically. The hyphae were 90-degree branching with focal angioinvasion, a highly suggestive feature of mucormycosis, which eventually identified <em>Saksenaea vasiformis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The mucormycosis infection was treated with amphotericin B and posaconazole as well as multiple surgical debridement operations. Following resolution of the infection, reconstruction was performed with Phasix™ mesh repair of the abdominal fascia, in addition to biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) and split-thickness skin grafting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case highlights the exceptionally rare diagnosis of mucormycosis in a caesarean section wound, especially in a developed country, and the complex multidisciplinary management required. Antifungal treatment and aggressive radical debridement were essential for treatment, as well as reconstruction in an infected setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of multidisciplinary team discussions in the management of thoraco-omphalopagus conjoined twins: A case report from a low-resource setting","authors":"Brian Kasagga ,&nbsp;Roy Clark Basiimwa ,&nbsp;Yasin Ssewanyana ,&nbsp;Stella Nimanya ,&nbsp;Rita Nassanga ,&nbsp;John Sekabira","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>Conjoined twins represent a rare medical phenomenon that poses significant clinical and ethical challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We present a case of conjoined twins delivered at 39 weeks gestation to a 27-year-old refugee mother. The delivery was by emergency cesarean section due to footling breech presentation. Initial assessments revealed shared cardiac anatomy, with Twin A exhibiting a more favorable anatomical structure compared to Twin B, who presented with severe cardiac malformations. Follow-up imaging, including CT angiography, uncovered additional complexities, such as dextrocardia and situs inversus in Twin A, raising further challenges regarding surgical separation.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>Management required a multidisciplinary discussion involving social worker, nurses, pediatric surgeons, neonatologists, pharmacist, nutritionist, pediatric cardiac surgeons, radiologists, and anesthesiologists to address both clinical challenges and the ethical considerations surrounding separation in the context of one twin with unfavorable anatomy. The team emphasized tailored care and adjustment of medication dosages due to the shared circulatory system of the twins. Despite the team's efforts, both twins succumbed to heart failure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case highlights the clinical and ethical complexities of managing conjoined twins with shared vital organs in a low-resource setting. It underscores the importance of advanced imaging, multidisciplinary planning, and social support;- especially for vulnerable populations like refugees. Strengthening antenatal care, including routine obstetric ultrasound, is essential for early diagnosis, timely referral, and improved outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma with local intrabronchial invasion in a young lady: A case report of successful management via uniportal VATS sleeve lobectomy","authors":"Rawand Abdulrahman Essa ,&nbsp;Diyar Saddam Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Kalthuma Saleh HamadAmen ,&nbsp;Saman Salaheldeen Abdulla ,&nbsp;Rebaz Hamza Salih ,&nbsp;Luqman Rahman Sulaiman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is an extremely rare type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 0.2–0.4 % of all lung cancers. It typically presents as a central airway lesion, with symptoms such as cough, hemoptysis, bronchitis, wheezing, fever, chest pain, and clubbing of the fingers. Histologically similar to tumors in major salivary glands, it mostly arises from small salivary glands that line the tracheobronchial tree.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We have reported a rare case of intrabronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma that extended extra-bronchially in a 25-year-old female presenting with hemoptysis for 10 days associated with mild cough and wheezing. A computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed a 3.5 cm lesion in the right upper bronchus, and fiber optic bronchoscopy confirmed an intrabronchial lesion. We performed right sleeve lobectomy via a novel Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (U-VATS) approach.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Since Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) frequently manifests with vague symptoms, diagnosing it when it spreads from extra-bronchial intrabronchial can be difficult and uncommon. The typical histology of Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) composed of varying 3 cell types, but the histology of our case was single cell type and it was diagnosed by genetic analysis in another advanced hospital. The effectiveness and safety of Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UVATS) have been acknowledged globally. Shorter surgical times, less pain, and a decreased requirement for extensive chest tube drainage are all linked to this technique.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case illustrates how a young woman's intrabronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma was successfully treated with a sleeve lobectomy performed via Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary bladder diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A rare case report","authors":"Haole Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Feng ,&nbsp;Hongjin Shi ,&nbsp;Haifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), originates primarily from lymph nodes, with a small proportion arising extranodally in sites such as the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. Given the general absence of lymphoid tissue in the bladder, primary bladder DLBCL is exceptionally rare.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>This case report describes an 83-year-old male patient with a bladder mass, initially suspected as cystitis glandularis, ultimately diagnosed via pathological examination as DLBCL. The patient underwent radical cystectomy and was subsequently scheduled for R-CHOP regimen chemotherapy. However, he succumbed to advanced disease progression one month postoperatively.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>Primary bladder diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presents with clinical symptoms clinically indistinguishable from conventional bladder urothelial carcinoma. Conventional imaging (CT/MRI) exhibit limited diagnostic utility, with definitive diagnosis requiring pathological immunohistochemical analysis. In this case, persistent hematuria necessitated radical cystectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case highlights that bladder masses may originate from lymphoid tissue, as imaging studies may not reliably distinguish such lesions from cystitis glandularis or adenocarcinoma. Definitive diagnosis requires immunohistochemical confirmation. Bladder DLBCL management differs from conventional urothelial carcinoma protocols, necessitating postoperative R-CHOP chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed diagnosis of post-traumatic bronchial transection in a pediatric patient: A case report","authors":"Mohammad Alaa Aldakak ,&nbsp;Nawwar Fallouh ,&nbsp;Bassel Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Raneem Ahmad ,&nbsp;Youssef Abbas ,&nbsp;Kamal Al Kateb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tracheobronchial injuries (TBI) are rare yet potentially fatal complications of blunt chest trauma, often underdiagnosed due to nonspecific clinical manifestations.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We report the case of an 11-year-old Arab girl who developed progressive dyspnea two months after a motor vehicle accident initially managed conservatively. Imaging revealed complete atelectasis of the right lung and obstruction of the right main bronchus by granulation tissue. Bronchoscopy confirmed complete bronchial occlusion, and surgical intervention revealed a delayed bronchial transection. Successful end-to-end anastomosis restored full lung expansion and respiratory function.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of TBIs in children, particularly when symptoms present late. Anatomical vulnerability of the right bronchus, delayed symptom onset, and nonspecific radiologic signs may obscure early recognition. Granulation-induced bronchial obstruction, a known complication of undiagnosed TBIs, was confirmed intraoperatively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Delayed presentation of tracheobronchial injury may lead to progressive airway obstruction due to granulation tissue. High suspicion, timely bronchoscopy, and early surgical intervention are essential to prevent irreversible lung damage and restore pulmonary function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111892"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland: Case report","authors":"Asiye Merve Erdoğan ,&nbsp;Funda Kuş Bozkurt","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>Malignant salivary gland neoplasms present a significant diagnostic challenge, requiring the integration of clinical, radiological, and pathological assessments. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare malignant neoplasm that exhibits a biphasic histopathological pattern. Although the major salivary glands are most commonly affected, EMC can also involve minor salivary glands and, in rare instances, the seromucous glands of the upper aerodigestive tract.</div></div><div><h3>Presentation of case</h3><div>A 47-year-old male presented with a right-sided parotid mass. On physical examination, a solitary, well-defined, nodular mass, approximately 3 cm in size, was palpated in the right parotid gland, demonstrating mobility. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicated a cystic lesion. A right superficial parotidectomy was performed with careful preservation of the facial nerve. The tumor was managed with surgery alone, with negative surgical margins. The patient had no recurrence at the 3-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>Tumors with features such as positive surgical margins, aneuploidy, nuclear atypia, solid growth pattern, increased mitotic activity, and necrosis are indicative of more aggressive behavior in EMC. Despite being classified as low-grade tumors, EMC has been associated with local recurrence and distant metastasis. In cases exhibiting aggressive characteristics, surgery alone may be insufficient, necessitating the addition of elective neck irradiation to prevent local recurrences. Achieving tumor-negative surgical margins is considered critical for reducing the likelihood of recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EMC is a rare salivary gland malignancy that requires careful diagnostic evaluation and management. While surgery alone may be sufficient for certain cases with negative surgical margins, further treatment such as irradiation may be warranted in aggressive cases to minimize recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111914"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 39 years old woman with thoracic endometriosis presents with recurrent catamenial Pneumothorax: A case report","authors":"Armin Amirian ,&nbsp;Seyed Mehdi Ghazanfari ,&nbsp;Parviz Mardani ,&nbsp;Samane Gorjizade ,&nbsp;Mana Moghadami","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>Recurrent catamenial pneumothorax (RCP) is an infrequent medical condition predominantly affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the repeated occurrence of pneumothorax, resulting in either partial or complete lung collapse due to air or gas in the pleural cavity. The distinctive feature of this condition is its association with the menstrual cycle, with symptoms typically manifesting within 72 h following the onset of menstruation. While catamenial pneumothorax is recognized as the most prevalent form of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, recurrent catamenial pneumothorax remains uncommon and lacks comprehensive characterization in the medical literature. Consequently, the understanding of this condition's underlying mechanisms and contributing factors is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>The present report describes a thirty-nine-year-old woman with recurrent pneumothorax. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with pleurodesis reveals diffuse parietal pleura and diaphragm inflammation. Notably, red nodules and pores were observed in the central region of the right hemidiaphragm, providing compelling evidence supporting thoracic endometriosis and catamenial pneumothorax as the underlying cause. A pneumonolysis, wedge resection, partial pleurectomy, and pleural abrasion were performed, followed by applying a mesh graft to the diaphragm. After surgery, the patient was referred for hormonal therapy and remained symptom-free during follow-up visits.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>This case highlights the importance of recognizing catamenial pneumothorax. For treatment, both surgical intervention and hormonal therapy are essential.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RCP should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses in reproductive-aged women presenting with repeated spontaneous pneumothorax, particularly during menstrual periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 111903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}