Kavkazologiâ最新文献

{"title":"The theme of creativity and the image of the artist in the story \"Blue snows\" by Isa Kapaev","authors":"Suyunova Nasipkhan Kh.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-354-371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-354-371","url":null,"abstract":"The article delves into the exploration of the development of the theme of creativity and the por-trayal of the author-artist in the story titled \"Blue Snows\" by the Nogai writer, Isa Kapaev. It recog-nizes that the writer's creative search is conducted through the lens of the postmodernist concept, drawing from the experiences of conceptualization of this theme in global, Russian, and national literature. Within the body of the author's works, this theme serves as a recurring motif, with the im-age of the artist embodying one of its central aspects. The article showcases this thesis by referenc-ing I. Kapaev's works, which reflect the profound drama encompassing the personal and creative consciousness of the protagonist named Karamov – an alter ego of the writer himself. The destiny of the artist Aidar Karamov, the protagonist in the story \"Blue Snows,\" inter-twines with the life stories of other Karamovs, individuals within the realm of art and the heroes present in I. Kapaev's works during the twilight of the Soviet era as well as the transitional decades between the 20th and 21st centuries. The author's conceptual vision and the means through which it is executed in the story are in-terpreted within the framework of postmodernist aesthetics and poetics, utilizing hermeneutic, se-miotic, and typological approaches. Emphasis is placed on how the evolution and rebirth of the pro-tagonist's consciousness, as described by the author, lend themselves to a profound contemplation of the contemporary challenges faced by art: the quest for the ideal, the significance of maintaining a connection with the cultural soil from which true inspiration springs. Furthermore, the article explores the theme of reverence towards art, the nurturing attitude towards talents, the unwavering dedication to one's calling, and the resistance against the tempta-tions of prioritizing material wealth over the attainment of the ideal through the creative process. As the foundation for analysis, the article draws upon the text of the aforementioned story under scrutiny, as well as other works by I. Kapayev composed in their original language. Transla-tions into Russian were employed as a reference for quotations..","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Soviet project in the Nogai Steppe in the 1930s–1940s: from collectivization to land reclama-tion","authors":"Dzhumagulova Aigul T.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-133-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-133-152","url":null,"abstract":"The publication examines the history of the development of irrigation systems on the territory of the Nogai steppe, as well as the role of land reclamation on the administrative and socio-economic situa-tion of nomadic and semi-nomadic Nogai people during the collectivization of agriculture. Despite the rich historiography on the history of relations between the socialist government and nomadic peoples, the specifics of the implementation of the Soviet project in the Nogai environment did not become the subject of separate studies, which determines the novelty of our study. Of no small im-portance in solving the research work is the study of the influence of natural and climatic factors on the transformation of the economic activity of the Nogais in the 1930s and 1940s. The main source base was materials extracted from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the State Ar-chive of the Modern History of the Stavropol Territory. The inclusion of previously unpublished sources in the scholarly realm has enabled us to ascer-tain the progressive nature of the integration of reclamation technologies into the economic fabric of Nogai life. The intensive development of surface waters facilitated the advancement and moderni-zation of animal husbandry in the steppe region, through the creation of a substantial fodder reserve and the extensive mechanization of labor-intensive tasks in Nogai collective and state farms. The inundation of the Nogai steppe presented new prospects for regional development to both the gov-ernment and the local population, by establishing irrigated zones that brought about a radical altera-tion in the socio-economic landscape of the nomads. The issue of water management measures and the economic progress of the Nogai people during the period under review was a pressing one, and its resolution prompted Soviet leadership to segregate the territory of the Nogai steppe from the Da-gestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and incorporate the Achikulak, Kayasulinsky, Kara-nogai, Kizlyar, and Shelkovsky districts into the Ordzhonikidze Region. Nevertheless, the initial stages of developing irrigated tracts posed certain difficulties for the Nogais. The successful development of the irrigation system in the arid regions of Southern Russia was interrupted by the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, and the Nazi occupation caused enor-mous damage, disabling most of the water resources of the region.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security services of the NKVD-NKGB of Kabardino-Balkaria in the fight against German sabotage (1942-1944)","authors":"Tatarov Azamat A.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-185-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-185-196","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the most intense period of work of the People’s Commissariats of Internal Af-fairs and State Security (NKVD-NKGB) of Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War in their fight against Nazi German sabotage operations. It is shown that purposeful policy to destabi-lize the Soviet rear has overcome two stages. Security agencies had a hard time dealing with sabo-tage during the battle for the Caucasus between November 1943 and August 1944. Based on doc-umentary materials, the author reveals the course of work of the NKVD-NGKB bodies in the fight against enemy agents, contribution of individual employees and population to security, special oper-ations in the occupied area. The author concludes that, contrary to the statement of H. Himmler in 1944, sabotage in the Caucasus, including Kabardino-Balkaria, did not bring Berlin the expected results. The invisible front played an important role in maintaining stability of the Soviet rear and destroying Nazi Germany’s plans to create a “fifth column” in Kabardino-Balkaria.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The political and ideological transformation of kabardian and balkar societies in the 1920s-1930s: towards the historiography of the problem of the Soviet period","authors":"Dzamikhov Kasbolat F., Kazharov Artur G., Kushkhova Karina A.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-318-331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-318-331","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines various aspects pertaining to the evolution of Soviet historiography in relation to the political and ideological changes within the Kabardian and Balkar societies during the 1920s-1930s. This particular period holds significant importance in the modern history of Kabardino-Balkaria, as it was during this time that the Kabardians and Balkars were compelled to adapt to a drastically transformed socio-cultural and political-ideological landscape, with lasting effects on their ethnocultural identity. The foremost alterations entailed the establishment of national autonomy, the formation and extensive integration of indigenous personnel into the public administration system, and a radical shift in the fundamental principles of national culture. It is crucial to grasp the perception and atti-tudes of these peoples towards such transformations. The relevance of investigating historiographical issues lies in the ability not only to identify key conceptual approaches surrounding the study of political and ideological changes in Kabardino-Balkaria during the given period, but also to comprehend the primary trends within research practic-es.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institute of the Commissioner for the Resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (1934–1937)","authors":"Akopyan Zaven V.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-153-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-153-168","url":null,"abstract":"This article constitutes a continuation of a publication series exploring the historical backdrop of the North Caucasus Region, focusing on the period when the administrative hub of this vast region re-sided in the resort city of Pyatigorsk (1934 - early 1937). Its primary focus resides with the State Institute of Commissioners, operating under the auspices of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, overseeing the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (CMW, Kavminvody). Throughout this time frame, Professor V.N. Semenov, at the helm of the Architectural and Planning Workshop within the People's Commissariat of Public Utilities of the RSFSR, crafted a comprehensive project to propel the CMW resorts to new heights. The entrusted execution of this project was assigned to authorized representatives of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, vested with signifi-cant powers. Occupying the post of director of the Caucasian Mineral Waters in the 1920s and 30s (and since 1935, also serving as the commissioner of the CEC of the USSR), were esteemed indi-viduals such as S.A. Mamushin, M.I. Ganshtak, A.S. Enukidze, and A.D. Metelev, who skillfully assumed the helm of both Kavminvody and Sochi resorts. The author posits that at this juncture, we should not disregard the invaluable lessons learned from the successful operation of this institute. As a prospective option, the prospect of establishing a dedicated institute for the management of CMW resorts warrants consideration, potentially involving the plenipotentiary representative of the President in the North Caucasus Federal District.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dagestan Russians in the era of socio-cultural transformations (late XX – early XXI century): con-sequences and ways to overcome negative trends","authors":"Seferbekov Ruslan I.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-372-385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-372-385","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, dia-chronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes \"perestroika,\" the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernization, and urbanization processes, economic reforms, the rise of religious extremism, the Russian-Chechen armed conflict of 1994-1996 and 1999-2009, and so on. In general, these activities and events harmed the well-being and social well-being of Dage-stan Russians, resulting in a large exodus from Dagestan. The adopted state program to assist Rus-sians living in and returning to the Republic of Dagestan was inadequate and did not halt this bad trend. According to the author, the Russians have recently lost their high status position in the re-gion, which was established in the North Caucasus ethno-social hierarchy throughout the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods. To regain this status, a comprehensive program to create safe and comfortable living circumstances for them in the region must be developed. The relevance of the study is due to the complex socio-economic and socio-political situation in the country and the world, the global challenges of our time, the special mission and responsibility of Russians for the fate of the multinational Russian state in a world order that is transforming from a monopolar (USA) to a multipolar (USA, Russia, China) world order.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axiological details in the essay Seferbi Siyukhov «Batmirza Pedisov»","authors":"Kazharova Inna A.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-332-342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-332-342","url":null,"abstract":"The article acknowledges the axiological constructions that make up the essay by S.Kh. Siyukhov «Batmyrza Pedisov». The introduction briefly describes the main values in Seferbiya Siyukhov's pedagogical, social, and creative activities. The features of his perception of the past and the present are discussed. The focus is on how different perspectives, space and time perception, and the value of the main character are portrayed in the essay. The circumstances that determined the point of view of the author-narrator are considered in detail. In the course of the analysis, it is shown that whatever the motives that prompted him to capture Batmyrza Pedisov, this image is quite in tune with the ability of Seferbiy Siyukhov to see the complex interweaving of circumstances, no matter how large they are manifested - in the fate of an ethnic group, clan or individual.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Business production of parts of the Caucasian line directorates in the 30-50s. XIX century","authors":"Alkhasova Dinara M.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-265-281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-265-281","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the bureaucratic documentation of the Caucasian Line during the 1830s to 1850s. The study is centered around an analysis of archival materials from military administrative institutions and structural divisions of the Caucasian Line, as well as organizations with business ties to them. It provides a thorough examination of various document types, such as circulars, instruc-tions, orders, reports, reviews, correspondences, personnel and logistical records, quarantine office reports, certificates, receipts, petitions (both individual and collective), memoranda, and public ap-peals from the Caucasian military administration. Special attention is given to the operational struc-ture of line institutions across different levels of the military-administrative hierarchy, as well as their interactions with external financial and custom bodies. The study also touches upon the formal relationships between the Caucasian military administration and local judicial and administrative centers, particularly in regards to the indigenous population of the region. Furthermore, the article analyzes the mechanisms of paperwork within the Russian administrative apparatus during the de-velopment of the Caucasus. The research assesses the informative value of specific document groups in exploring different aspects of the operational scope of line administrative institutions. In conclu-sion, the study emphasizes the practical significance of the examined materials and suggests poten-tial directions for further research where these identified document groups may prove useful.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the issue of the activities of cultural institutions of Chechen-Ingushetia in 40-kh – early 60-kh XX century","authors":"Semenova Olga V.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-197-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-197-208","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores various facets of cultural life, focusing on the activities of cultural institutions in Chechen-Ingushetia during the 1940s to the 1960s. Following the deportation of the indigenous population to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, individuals from different regions of the USSR were relocated to fill the void. The objective of this study is to illustrate the role of cultural institutions during that time, highlighting their significance for the Chechen population, as well as their contri-bution in mitigating the socio-political crisis that ensued as a result of the USSR leadership's deci-sion to deport certain ethnic groups. The Soviet government provided the resettled individuals with familiar cultural establishments such as theaters, clubs, libraries, and schools. Consequently, this re-search explores the distinct characteristics of these institutions, analyzes their level of development, and determines their importance in facilitating the return of Chechens and Ingush people to their homeland. Furthermore, new materials and sources pertaining to this research topic have been intro-duced. The study incorporates materials from the periodical press of that era, specifically the news-paper Grozny Rabochy. Based on the reviewed material, it can be concluded that the shared socio-cultural space, values, and ideals of society possess the capacity to tackle even the most challenging problems, foster unity among people, and aid in overcoming arduous socio-political crises.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Documentary support of the activities of the bailiff department of the Balkarian people in 1846-1858","authors":"Abazov Alexey Kh.","doi":"10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-282-292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-282-292","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the peculiarities of documentary support for the activities of the bailiff admin-istration of the Balkarian people in 1846-1858. Various types and functionalities of management documents (prescriptions, reports, petitions, relations, statements, lists, accounting books, reporting documents, etc.) were analyzed. It was established that the bailiff throughout the entire period of activity produced administrative, reporting, reference and information documents and documented information on the personnel of employees. The office documentation of the Office is considered in two aspects: 1) ensuring its external communication; 2) used to manage its own activities. Separate-ly, written documents compiled following the results of mediator proceedings with the participation of employees of the bailiff department of the Balkarian people were considered. It was concluded that the documentation of the active bailiff department of the Balkarian people was built on the ba-sis of the achievements of the Russian clerical culture and the principles of the administrative hierar-chy of officials and the delimitation of subjects of jurisdiction between sectoral institutions.","PeriodicalId":481041,"journal":{"name":"Kavkazologiâ","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}