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Beyond human capital: how does parents’ direct influence on their sons’ earnings vary across eight OECD countries? 人力资本之外：父母对儿子收入的直接影响在八个经合组织国家之间有何不同？
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad007
Franco Bonomi Bezzo, M. Raitano, P. Vanhuysse
{"title":"Beyond human capital: how does parents’ direct influence on their sons’ earnings vary across eight OECD countries?","authors":"Franco Bonomi Bezzo, M. Raitano, P. Vanhuysse","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article asks to what degree the association between parents’ education and sons’ earnings is mediated by various forms of sons’ human capital across eight large OECD countries. We exploit the OECD Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) database, which provides information on four dimensions of human capital (educational attainment, field of study, cognitive skills, and proxies of non-cognitive skills). We find that the intergenerational transmission process is wholly mediated just by sons’ formal educational attainment in Germany, Norway, and the USA. By contrast, in France, Italy, Spain, Poland, and the UK, a significant residual association remains after we control for all dimensions of sons’ human capital. While we cannot exclude that this residual association is due to unobservable background-related skills sons might have, this also points to family origin factors unrelated to human capital accumulation—such as social ties—that might play a role in the intergenerational transmission of labour market advantages in these countries.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45621149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Wages of UK immigrant men across generations: who catches up? 英国几代男性移民的工资:谁赶上了?
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-02-11 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad006
Nico Ochmann
{"title":"Wages of UK immigrant men across generations: who catches up?","authors":"Nico Ochmann","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines UK immigrant-native wage differentials for men across major first- and second-generation immigrant groups with the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) pooling cross-sections over the years 2009–19. I find that first-generation immigrants with UK human capital experience less of a wage disadvantage than their immigrant counterparts with foreign language proficiency, qualifications, and work experience. Conditional on the heterogeneity in these productivity characteristics of first-generation immigrants, I observe no intergenerational economic progress across the two generations relative to UK natives. Using a conditional decomposition shows that UK work experience and not the source country of study for the qualification is a key factor in reducing first-generation, immigrant-native wage differentials in the UK.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48292001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identifying the economic determinants of individual voting behaviour in UK general elections 确定英国大选中个人投票行为的经济决定因素
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad003
G. Chrysanthou, M. Guilló
{"title":"Identifying the economic determinants of individual voting behaviour in UK general elections","authors":"G. Chrysanthou, M. Guilló","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We explore the economic determinants of individual voting behaviour in five UK electoral cycles during 1992–2014. Using the Understanding Society and the British Household Panel Surveys, we investigate the importance of political sentiments and subjective economic evaluations disentangling persistence of party support and unobserved heterogeneity effects. We estimate joint dynamic tripartite models of party support and egocentric perceptions of current and prospective finances, permitting longitudinal simultaneous determination of perceptions of personal finances and political preferences. The results validate the economic voting hypothesis in cycles adjacent to economic downturns: support for the governing political party is positively related to individual perceptions of own financial well-being. Failing to account for simultaneity and not accounting for dynamics and initial political party support inflate the impact of personal financial evaluations.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48140343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Non-governmental organizations’ motivation to diversify: self-interest or operation-related? Evidence from Uganda 非政府组织多元化的动机:与自身利益有关还是与业务有关?来自乌干达的证据
4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad005
Canh Thien Dang, Trudy Owens
{"title":"Non-governmental organizations’ motivation to diversify: self-interest or operation-related? Evidence from Uganda","authors":"Canh Thien Dang, Trudy Owens","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the mechanisms that guide non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) managerial decisions is a key to effective development policies. One fundamentally strategic decision is the number of activities an NGO offers. We provide a conceptual framework based on the agency theory to study the motivations underlying strategic decisions of development NGOs in Uganda. We test whether diversifying into many activities is driven by operational reasons or by personal gains of NGO managers. Following a historic flood in 2007, NGOs that rely more on contractual income offer fewer activities than their counterparts in less affected areas. The results support theoretical explanations that operational motives such as risk-reduction or cost complementarity dominate personal and for-profit-like motives. Our article contributes to the debates around the ethical and governmental foundation of the non-profit sector, highlighting the different roles of personal and operational aspects in the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135306664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Housing, the credit market, and unconventional monetary policies: from the sovereign crisis to the great lockdown 房地产、信贷市场和非常规货币政策:从主权危机到大封锁
4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad004
Hamed Ghiaie
{"title":"Housing, the credit market, and unconventional monetary policies: from the sovereign crisis to the great lockdown","authors":"Hamed Ghiaie","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article evaluates the interactions between housing, the credit market, and the ECB’s asset purchase program (APP) from 2015 until 2020 and then in the course of the ECB’s pandemic emergency purchase program (PEPP) in 2020. The model is calibrated for the euro area. The findings illustrate the way in which macrohousing channels affect bank portfolio rebalancing which is the main channel for asset purchases to influence the economy. The results show that asset purchasing performs better during a crisis, particularly if it is conducted for an appropriate extent of time. The findings suggest that the PEPP alone is not sufficient to accelerate recovery. As a result, further actions such as timely targeted fiscal policies are required to step up recovery. However, to protect the financial sector, the PEPP should be extended until the Covid-19 crisis phase is over.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135306665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 and culture COVID-19与文化
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad001
A. Mohanty, James B. Ang
{"title":"COVID-19 and culture","authors":"A. Mohanty, James B. Ang","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The USA has been particularly hard hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and a wide spatial variation can be seen in its spread and mortality. This raises the question of why some regions are more resilient to the pandemic than others? We hypothesize that the individualism–collectivism cleavage explains the disparity in COVID-19 cases observed across sub-national units in the USA. Cultural disparity among different groups of people leads to differences in how they perceive health crises and thereby shapes the way they respond to pandemics. A heightened sense of obligation and responsibility increases in-group sociability and interdependence and raises the perceived vulnerability towards disease transmission among collectivistic individuals, and this leads to greater adherence to containment measures and social distancing rules. Our results provide evidence that more individualistic states tend to have more COVID-19 cases across the USA.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46902004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ending civil wars through fraudulent elections 通过舞弊选举结束内战
4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpad002
Michael Christian Lehmann
{"title":"Ending civil wars through fraudulent elections","authors":"Michael Christian Lehmann","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpad002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Previous research finds a positive association between electoral fraud and post-election protests, violence, and civil conflict. This article contends that the effect of electoral fraud on peace can be heterogeneous. I investigate elections after civil wars that stalemated. My contribution is to present a theory and suggestive evidence that, in this context, electoral fraud by unpopular incumbents can be peace-promoting. An important policy implication is that international efforts to prevent electoral fraud (e.g. electoral observers), in this specific setting, may increase the odds that a civil war continues.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136082819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does the depth of informality influence welfare in urban Sub-Saharan Africa? 非正式性的深度是否影响撒哈拉以南非洲城市的福利?
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpac052
Eva-Maria Egger, Cecilia Poggi, H. Rufrancos
{"title":"Does the depth of informality influence welfare in urban Sub-Saharan Africa?","authors":"Eva-Maria Egger, Cecilia Poggi, H. Rufrancos","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpac052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpac052","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We explore the relationship between household welfare and informality, measuring household informality as the share of members’ activities (hours worked or income) without social insurance. We discretize these measures into four bins or portfolios and assess their influence on consumption, as a measure of welfare. Cross-sectional regressions for five urban Sub-Saharan African countries reveal a non-linear relationship between the depth of informality and household welfare. A mixed formality household portfolio has at least the same welfare as a fully formal one. Using panel data for Nigeria, we assess household switches in informality portfolios, accounting for the selection on unobservables, and find it explains most welfare differences. Switching informality portfolios does not change welfare trajectories, with the notable exception of welfare gains for fully informal households becoming fully formal. From a policy perspective, our results suggest that policies incentivizing the formalization of the marginal worker may not result in perceivable welfare effects.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48336804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Collusion sustainability with a capacity-constrained firm 产能受限企业的合谋可持续性
4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpac054
Leonardo Madio, Aldo Pignataro
{"title":"Collusion sustainability with a capacity-constrained firm","authors":"Leonardo Madio, Aldo Pignataro","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpac054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpac054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We study an infinitely repeated oligopoly game in which firms compete on quantity and one of them is capacity-constrained. We show that collusion sustainability is non-monotonic in the size of the capacity-constrained firm, which has little incentive to deviate from a cartel. We also present conditions for the emergence of a partial cartel, with the capacity-constrained firm being excluded by the large firms or self-excluded. In the latter case, we show under which circumstances the small firm induces a partial conspiracy that is Pareto-dominant. Implications for cartel identification and enforcement are finally discussed.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135703677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do children increase the likelihood of homeownership? Evidence from a sample with twins 孩子会增加买房的可能性吗?来自双胞胎样本的证据
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Oxford Economic Papers-New Series Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpac050
Seolah Kim, Hanbyul Ryu
{"title":"Do children increase the likelihood of homeownership? Evidence from a sample with twins","authors":"Seolah Kim, Hanbyul Ryu","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpac050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpac050","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Homeownership status has a broad range of positive outcomes that accrue to both individuals and society. Although the determinants of homeownership have been studied in the past, there was little attention to the effect of family size. Using a twin birth as an exogenous change in the number of children, we examine the effect of increasing family size on the likelihood of owning a house. We found that having an additional child after the first birth increases the likelihood of homeownership approximately by 4.3%, but the impact faded out in subsequent births. In addition, family size is more likely to increase homeownership for less educated households and those who had first births at older ages.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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